agul 1adj Hollow. Ma-agul ka kaungon to atolug su warad on ka bunow. The center of the egg shell is hollow because the yoke is not there. see fr.: lungag 2. 2v To become hollow. Ko ogka-awò on ka tagù, ogma-agul on. If the contents are removed, it will become hollow. 3adj Hollowed out, as a boat Ma-agul ka luang to balutu ka poghimu. The inside of a dug-out canoe is hollowed out as it is made. 4adj Having a lot of space, such as a room, a basket or bamboo; spacious. Songo oghingaran noy no ma-agul ka solod to so-i no baloy. The inside of this building is also called spacious. Nighimu si Anggam to losung no do-isok di ma-agul ka bo-bò woy maralom. Uncle made a mortar which was small but the mouth [of the mortar] was spacious and deep. 5v To hold a lot, be capacious, as a basket or bamboo water pole. Agad nokoy no lugì, ko dakol ka ogkatagù on, ma-agul. Any kind of a hole, if it can hold a lot, it is capacious. 6v To drift together with the current. Ko du-on ogpamarigus no og-ungod ogtun-uy, sikan ka og-agul-aguloy. If there are those who are bathing and are always floating downstream, that is drifting together with the current.
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akulag v 1To bark (as a dog) Og-akuag ka asu. The dog is barking. 1.1The squawk of a some birds which resembles a bark, such as that of a road runner or parrot. Ka tinggow, songo ogko-iling to og-akuag ko ogkagi. The roadrunner, also it is like it squawks (lit.barks) when it calls. 2To bark at something Ko ogpananup woy ogpakabayù to babuy, og-akuagon to asu ka babuy. If [someone] goes pighunting and comes across a pig, the dog will bark at the pig.
alap v 1To bring something to a destination. Alap ka rò to sabun no mohomut. Just bring the fragrant soap. see fr.: ganuy 1; see fr.: baniwal 4. 1.1To take something somewhere. Ko du-on "jeep" no nasirà no awos no og-alapon diò to "shop" oyow ogdoyroyawon, songo igpaganuy rod to dangob no jeep. If there is a jeep which is broken down which need sto be taken to the shop to be repaired, it is also pulled by another jeep. spec: sakopu, utuk 1, baba, pangkul, ti-ang 1, bitbit 1, soy-ung, layap; see: hatod 2. 2To move or propel as fins move a fish through water. Ka alongaping, ian ka ogbo-ot to og-alap to lawa to sikan no ngalap. The fin by the fish's ear, that is what determines the movement (lit. carrying) of the body of that fish. 3To be carried away, as by water. Ko ogsamba, du-on baloy no ogka-alap. When [the river] floods, there are house(s) which are carried away. spec: alus 1; see fr.: anlas 3. 4To have someone to take something somewhere; send. 5(Fig) To be under someone's authority. Ko du-on diò to songo barrio on ka ogka-alap, inat to mgo sakup din tibò. If there are those in a some village who are under [someone's] authority (lit. carried by someone), it seems that they are all his subjects. 5.1(Fig) To carry a responsibility or hold authority. Si Joaquin pad ka naka-alap to katondanan to kapitanto Baranggay Gupitan. Joaquin is still the one who has held the position (lit. authority) of captain of Baranggay Gupitan. 5.1.1To be under someone's authority Ko du-on diò to songo barrio on ka ogka-alap, inat to mgo sakup din tibò. If there are those in a some village who are under [someone's] authority (lit. carried by someone), it seems that they are all his subjects. 6For something to be brought to someone. 6.1To be transmitted to, as an illness. Ko og-uma ka dalu no tiklas diò to songo ugpa-an, ko du-on ogpanumbaloy no ogligkat to sikan no ugpa-an, ogka-alapan ki to dalu. If an illness comes to some place, [and] if someone visits from that place, the illness will be transmitted (lit. inadvertantly carried) to us. see: halin 2.1. 6.2To be used in a certain way, as a word. Ian dò ogka-alapan no kinagian ko du-on duma ta no oghinggat to ogparigus no ogkagian ku to, “Alap ka rò to sabun no mohomut.” The only way the word is used (lit. the only [meaning] carried by the word) is if we have a companion whom [we] invite to go bathing with us and I say, "Just bring the fragrant soap".
alibood v 1To wriggle as one's stomach when one is hungry. Og-alibood ka gotok ta ko oggutasan ki. Our stomach wriggles when we are hungry. Ko og-a-alibood, ungod ogwo-ilwo-il ka bituka nu su warad tagù din. When they are wriggling, your intestines are always moving about because they (lit. it) doesn't have anything inside. 2To wriggle or squirm as worms or grubs. Ko ogwo-ilwo-il ka lawa to alibutod, songo og-alibood. When the body(s) of the grub(s) are moving, they also wriggle. Oggusi-on tad ka galung ta no pula no ogkito-on tad ka moon-ing no alibutod no og-aliboodbood on. We split oven the pula palm tree which we have notched and then we see many white grubs which are squirming.
alow v To chase or shoo away, such as an animal or bird. Utù, alowa nu pà ka manuk no ogkoko-on to dinampil no homoy. Sonny, chase away the chickens which are eating the rice which is being dried in the sun. Og-alowon ku ka manuk to “saa”. I'll shoo the chickens with “saa”. Ka babuy, songo ogka-alow. Pig(s) can also be shooed away. [This word applies to birds or animals, not to people but dogil applies to either animals or people.] see: dogil 2.
amanoloy v To have a good relationship Ko ogma-am-amanoloy ki to duma ta, ko du-on maintok no problima, maga-an dò ogka-awò. When we are in a good relationship with our companions, if there is a small problem, it will be quickly resolved (lit. removed). Ko ogmarakdakoloy to goinawa to duma ta, songo du-on goinawa kanta sikan ka ma-am-amanoloy If we love our companion(s) (lit. have big breath for) and they also care about us (lit. have breath for us), that is [what it means to] have a good relationship. Ma-am-amanoloy ka mgo otow su mataltalaroy ka mgo otow ko du-on ogkako-on dan. The people have a good relationship because they share with each other whenever they have something to eat
amung 1deriv n Son-in-law. Ka asawa to anak ku no boi, maka-amung ku. The wife of my daughter (lit. female offspring) is the one who has become my son-in-law. 1.1v For a man to be included, like a son-in-law in someone's family through marriage to a relative. Si Binitu, songo maka-amung ku rod su anakon ku si Angelina. Si Lano woy si Junjun, sikan dod. As for Binitu, he has also become my son-in-law [by marriage] because Angelina is my neice. [My relationship with] Lano and Junjun is the same. 2v To be included, involved in some situation; having the responsibility of another person’s actions, especially a child. see: labot 1. 3v To involve oneself in someone else's affairs, butting in Maniò to og-am-amungan a nu? Why are you butting into my affairs? [In the following example, the involvement is direct and the persons involved hear the words spoken.] see fr.: labot 2. 4v To make an issue about the affairs of someone else. Maniò to og-am-amungon now ka ogsimba no warò kow man monua nikandan? Why are you making an issue about the affairs of those who attend church when they haven't done anything to you? [The following example is made out of the hearing of those being criticized.] see: do-isok 1; see: samilì.
anad 1v Teach. Ka maistra, og-anad to mgo istudianti. [As for] the teacher, he/she teaches the students. see fr.: ayat 2. 1.1v Taught Ka maistra ku to "grade one", sikan dod ka nig-anad ki Judith. My grade one teacher was also the one who taught Judith. 1.2vt To be taught by someone. Og-anaron ka mgo batò oyow du-on ogkato-uanan dan. The children are being taught so that they will have skills. 2v To be able to teach. Warò a nig-iman-iman to ogka-anad ku ka amoy woy ka anak. I had not expected that I would be able to teach the father and the daughter (lit. offspring). 2.1v To train or submit oneself to training (lit. allow oneself to be taught). Ka sikan no ogpo-omot to pa-anad, ogkato-u sikandin. That person who diligently trains (lit. causes [himself] to be taught) will become skilled. 2.2v That which is used to teach/train others. Ko nato-uan din, songo ig-anad din to songo otow. When he has become skilled, he will likewise use [that skill] to teach another person. 2.2.1v That which was taught, or used to train someone. Ogkaroromdom ku ka in-anad to amoy ku kanak tongod to talabau to oggabas to kayu no ighimu to baloy I remember that which my father taught me about the work of sawing wood to make a house. 3v Learn. Ka mgo batò, og-anad to ogsulat. The children are learning to write. 3.1vs To learn, become accustomed to. Kanokal ka to oghusud oyow ogka-anad ka oyow du-on ogkato-uan nu to oggabas. Be strong to pull [on the saw] so that you will learn so that you will know how to saw. 4v That which would be used to teach/train someone to do something. 5vs To have learned or to have become trained, accustomed to. Ko na-anad ka, du-on dayagang nu woy malomu nu su nigtagama nu. When you have become trained, you have strength and it is easy for you because you have become accustomed [to the work]. Warò koy na-anad to sikan no du-on ngalap. Na-anad koy to warò ngangalapoy noy. We are not accustomed to those kinds of fish [lit. viand]. We are accustomed to having no [means of catching] fish. see: tagam. 6v 7deriv n Teacher or the ones who teach. Ka maistra woy ka maistru, sikandan ka talag-anad to mgo istudianti. The male-teacher and female teacher(s), they are the teachers of the students [In the school context, the Spanish borrowings maistru and maistra are commonly used for “teacher” but talag-anad is still used for those who teach how to do anything.] 8Learn. 9v To enable someone gain the ability (lit. to learn) to do something such as to regain a skill that has been lost due to illness. Ogbuligan ta ka otow no malotoy to ogkitkit oyow ogpaka-anad to oghihipanow oyow ogpoko-orol on. We help a weak person by holding [his/her] hand so that [he/she] will gain the ability to walk so that [he/she] will be able to become ambulatory.
anak phr.: anak to dalan; phr.: anak to pamubungon₂. 1n A male or female offspring of an animal or human; son or daughter. 2v To give birth. Ko ogkapanoy ogkatapid ka batò diò to diralom to gotok, oglomulan ka inoy ko og-anak. If the baby (lit. child) in the abdomen has been properly positioned ahead of time, the mother will have it easier when she gives birth. Gabi-i pad nig-anak on ka kuddò ku. Just yesterday my horse gave birth. cf: agud. 2.1v To give birth in some place. - Ogdurugmun ka babuy to og-anakan din. A pig makes a bed for [a place where] she will give birth. 2.2v To give birth to multiple offspring. Ka karpa no ngalap, woy ogpanganak ko ogsilò ka bulan. Carp fish don’t give birth to multiple offspring until the moon comes out. 2.2.1v To give birth multiple times; give birth frequently. Ko du-on og-anak no warò pad nigtu-ig ka anak din no ogpanganak man dò sikandin, oghingaranan no mahariharion no manggianak su malasi og-anak. If someone gives birth when her child is not yet a year old so she is giving birth again, she is called a mother who produces siblings [one after another] because she frequently gives birth. 2.2.2v To reach birthing time. Ko du-on og-insò ko kon-u nanganak ka amboy nu, kagi to songo otow, “Ka ligad dò no allow ka pogpanganak.” If someone asks when your daughter-in-law delivered [her baby], another person will answer, “The previous day was her birthing time”. 2.2.3v Those which are birthed. Ka po-it, ka alu-an, woy ka pantat, ogparagas ogko-otow ka igpanganak dan. The po-it, mudfish and the catfish, are birthed alive (lit. directly live, when it is the time for them to be born [lit. the ones being birthed]. 3deriv n Uterus Ka a-anakan, sikan ka ugpa-an to batò diò gotok to inoy. The uterus, that is the dwelling place of the child in the abdomen of the mother. 4deriv n An adopted child. Ogko-iling ki Ugalinga no nig-uyamu to mgo batò, ogkoimu no anak-anak ran. It’s like Ugalinga who is caring from the childen, they have become heir adopted children. see: uyamuan. 4.1deriv n A stepchild. [A stepchild, that is the child of one's spouse is an anak-anak but not considered to be an uyamuan which is used of an adopted or foster child] 5deriv n Nephew or neice, also a cousin’s child. Si Binitu, songo maka-amung ku rod su anakon ku si Angelina. As for Binitu, he has also become my son-in-law because Angelina is my neice. 6deriv n Anything that has a young offspring; a mother, but especially a nursing mother. Ka mgo ngalap to woig no poit maroyow ka sabow rin to duon iam no manggi-anak su oggatasan. As for the po-it fish [lit. creatures of the water which are po-it], its soup is good for the nursing mother because [her breasts] will produce milk . [Also applies to female animals with young.] 6.1vs To become a nursing mother. Ka ogkamanggi-anak on no boi, sikan ka iam nig-anak no du-on on ogtago-uro-on no batò. Sikan ka ungod din oggibo-on, ogpasusuon, ogsakopuon woy og-uahon. A woman who has become a nursing mother, that is the one who has has newly given birth and now has a a child to care for. [Also applies to female animals who newly give birth] 7deriv n Parent and child doing something together; from parent’s standpoint. 8deriv n A child accompanied by his/her parent or parent accompanying his/her child. Ka tag-anak, ka amoy nigduruma to anak din. A child accompanied by its father, [that is when] the father has accompanied his son/daughter (lit. offspring). Ka amoy no nighondiò to lunsud, tag-anak ka nigduruma to du-on ogbolion dan diò to lunsud. The father who went to town, they are the child with his parent who accompanied each other to buy [something] in town. 8.1n A mother and her child. 9deriv v To hunt for frogs by searching for the frog eggs. Ogpaki-anak ki. We search for the offspring [of frogs]. Ogpakianak ki, ko ogkita ki to atolug to bakbak, du-on ta rò ogpamitawon ka inoy su du-on dò ian to marani ka og-olon. When we hunt for frogs, when we see the eggs of the frog, we will just find the mother [frog] because she will be there closely watching over [her eggs]. 10n Descendent of recent past [That is, descendants who were known andcan be recounted by one’s relatives in contrast to kapunganan which would refer to decendants a long time removed.] see: kapunganan 1.
anamag n 1Phosphorescent wood fungus, that is a wood fungus which glows in the dark; phosphorescence in other substances so they glow in the dark. No sikan no ogtubù to makamos no lasangan no ogko-iling to kolop, songo oglayag su du-on anamag. The lasangan fungus which grows where it is damp which is like the kolop fungus, it also shines because it has phosphorescence. 2A phosphorescent substance, or any substance which glows in the dark. Ka relo, songo du-on anamag. A clock also has phosphorescence. see: amag₂ 1.
apù phr.: apù to bu-ol; phr.: apù to talinga.. 1n Grandparent, grandmother or grandfather or their first cousins. 2n Term of address between grandparent and grandchildren (also brother or sister of grandparent): [In English, grandparents don't have a special term of address for a grandchild. They simply address the child by name.] 3n Step or adoptive grandchild; Pretend grandchild. 3.1v To call someone “grandparent” or “grandchild” 4n Grandparent and grandchild relationship; the two of them doing something together. 5v Regard someone as a grandparent or grandchild.
awang phr.: ogma-awang to goinawa. 1adj Light, as that of a lamp, or sun. Ka goinawa ran, ogpoko-uma sikandan to ma-awang pad. . It was their desire (lit. breath) to arrive while it was still light. Ko du-on manggad no manipis, mo-ilag ka pogpitow ta su oglagbas ka ma-awang. If there is thin materials, it is show-through because light goes through it. Ka allow, ogbogoy to layag to ma-awang. As for the sun, it produces (lit. gives) rays of light. see fr.: ilag 2; osyn: ting-ow 1, ilag 1; see fr.: ilag 3. 1.1phrase To be free of apprehension; peaceful. With negative, to be unpeaceful. Ka sikan no ma-agkap so goinawa ta, ogkalituk to, ma-awang ka goinawa ta. Ogpakasalig ki kandin. When we feel OK about something (lit. as for our breath which is light-weight), it means that we are free of apprehension (lit. our breath is clear). Ka sikan no ogka-aras, lagboy no konò ogma-awang ka goinawa rin. As for that being frustrated, she was definitely not at peace (lit. her breath was especially not clear/peaceful). 1.2v To be clear, sediment free. Ka woig no mating-ow, mo-ilag dod. Ka mating-ow woy ka ma-awang, warò ogpaka-atang. Water which is sediment free, is also transparent. That which is sediment free and that which is clear have nothing obstructing the light. 1.3adj (Fig) Clear, as of understanding, comprehension. Ogmataloytoy, matul-id woy ma-awang ka pogsabut ta. The meaning is uncluttered, straight and our understanding [of the words] is clear. 1.4adj Empty, as an open space. Du-on batò no magalat ka ngipon din. Ka ngipon din, du-on olatan no ma-awang. There is a child whose teeth are far apart. His teeth have an gap between them which is open. 1.4.1adj Open or unobstructed, as when a roof has been blown off. 1.5v [A command] to clear [something] of debris or make something which has been said more understandable. 2v To clear or become sediment free like water in a spring fed pool clears after rain has muddied the water. 3v To make free of clutter. 3.1v To say or do something to prevent, or clear away a harmful situation. [When a misfortune such as an injury or illness happens to someone, others will put index finger between lips, spit and say ‘pa-awang’, pointing to the ground, so that the same thing won’t happen to them.]
Bobolugan n Name of a stream and also of a village on that stream. [A story is told of a young lady who made a pet of a crocodile who lived in the water of this stream. She is said to have come each morning and afternoon to feed the crocodile. adding the food to the stream. She kept feeding it as it grew. One day, the crocodile ate what the young woman gave it and then preyed on the lady herself and ate her. According to legend, that is why the stream is called “Bobolugan” because the crocodiles food was imbolug to linow to woig “added to the deep pool [of the stream]”.]
bako-bakò n An Ata Manobo term for the cross-like symbol also called a kinurus?? see fr.: kinurus.
balo-i 1n The parent of a child’s spouse, or the aunt or uncle of a child’s spouse. Balo-i ku. He/she is the parent of my child's spouse. 2v Reciprocal relationship, between parents of a husband and parents of the wife or the relationship between the aunts and uncles of the couple. Ka amoy woy ka inoy to lukos woy to boi, ian ka lagboy no patalabalo-i. Ko du-on anggam woy ka inayon to boi, sikan ka igkarangob on no patalabalo-i dod to amoy woy inoy to lukos. The father and mother of the man and [of] the woman, those are the ones who are especially in the relationship between parents of spouses. If there is an uncle and also the aunt of the woman, that is another [couple] which is also in this relationship to the father and mother of the [married] man.
banus 1n A kind of scraper for smoothing wood or bamboo. Ko du-on oglaslasan no tabla, oggamiton ta ka nighimu no banus no nigligkat to balakayu. If we have a piece of wood to sand, we use a scraper which was made from balakayu bamboo. Ka agad nokoy no igkalaslas, banus dod ka ngaran. Whatever is used to scrape or sand, is also called a scraper. [It is made of several thin bamboo blades, sharpened on the bottom and strung together with rattan.] see: bol-is. 2v To use something to smooth by scraping or sanding such as sandpaper, a knife or other instrument, metal or bamboo. Ian ta igbanus to tabla oyow ogmalanang ka nighimu no banus no napu-un to balakayu. That which we use to scrape the wood so that it will be smooth which was made [into] a scraper which came from balakayu bamboo. Ogbanoson ta ka tagob to mo-irob. oyow ogmalanang. We scrape the sheath of the knife so that it will become smooth.
bolug n Whatever is added to food or soup, whether water, sardines or vegetables. Ka otow, nigkuò to homoy no nigbolugan din to salamun no impaako-on to miow. The person got some rice and added canned fish to it to feeed the cat. Agad nokoy ka ig-amut ta no mgo dorounan, songo igbolug dod. Whatever is added to food, it is also that which is added to food.
borasboras n Name of a tree which has long, smooth leaves; also the name of a creek and a village which gets its name because many of these trees grew around it. Ko ogkakamot ka borasboras no kayu, ogsubul dod ka tu-od no ogtunasan dod. If the borasboras tree is cut down, the stump will recover and it will still sprout.
bosì v 1To spread apart as slats of flooring Ka boi, nigbosì din ka so-og no du-on imbayò ka kommag no inpilak to usig din. As for the woman, she spread the flooring apart and that was where the spear passed through which was used to spear her enemy. 2For one's legs and thighs to be spread apart when sitting or walking. Nakabobosì ka batò no nigpinpinnu-u. The child's legs were spread apart as he/she was sitting. Ko oghipanow ka batò no ogli-ag no ogkawayon ka limang no pa-a, songo ogkabosì on. When a child walks as he/she is playing and lifts his other foot above his/her waist, [his/her] legs and thighs are also spread apart. [Children may sit in this manner but it would be inappropriate for an adult to do so. They would be laughed at and be ashamed.]
bubung phr.: anak to pamubungon₁. n 1A ridgepole. Liliungan to baloy. Ridgepole of a house. see: liliungan. 2Sky. see: langit. 3A kind of spirit which claims ownership of mountains, baliti trees, cliffs and waterfalls; also familiar spirits which claim those roles. Ka talabubung, karumaan to mgo busow. Ian ka tagbanua no og-ugpò to bubungan, balitì, dalama, sampow. The talabubung, they are companions of the evil spirits. [Those] are the ones who are owners who live in the mountains, baliti trees, cliffs and waterfalls. Ka mgo otow no du-on bantoy ran no talabubung, ian dan im-imanan ka ogbatunon diò to langit. People who have talabubung familiar spirits anticipate that they will be transported to heaven. [If a couple has this kind of a familiar spirit, it is believed that if one spouse dies, the other will also die.]
bulang 1vs Wash out as a dam or bridge. Lapoy no ligkat to ponong no nabulang. A deluge/flood which came from a dam which had washed out. [When a dam breaks, the water spills over and if people live below the results can be disasterous.] see: tobal 1. 2v To be engulfed in a problem such as when a quarrel turns into a war with people killing each other. Ka otow no ogmabunbunu-oy, ogmabulbulangoy on ka ogpilpilakoy on. People who murder each other, they are already being engulfed [in their problems] as they are already spearing each other. [DB says it is like a dam which has broken and the people below are engulfed in a flood of destruction as they kill each other like when a dam breaks endangering those below.] see: pabunbuno-oy. 3deriv n A drain, such as a canal which is made to carry away water and drain water from a pool, usually for the purpose of catching the fish that will be trapped. However, the term would also apply to draining water from a river into a canal so that a highway can be made on either side. Ka bulanganan, ogtu-uran ta to og-oti ka lanow. Ogkutkutan ta ka ogpabaya-an to woig oyow dakol ka ngalap no ogko-utol. As for a drain, we purpose that the lake will go dry. We dig/scrape away the place where the water will flow (lit. pass) so that we can catch a lot of edible [fish and other] creatures. 4v To make a canal or other device to drain off water, as from a street or other area.
