abin v 1To claim something for oneself. Woy rin ogka-abin ko ogkapurut din on. He cannot claim it until he has taken it. Ian og-abin to ulu ka nigbaba to babuy. The one who will claim the head is the one who carried the pig. Ian dò ogpa-abinon to ulu ka nigbaba to babuy. The only one who will be designated to claim the head will be the one who carried the pig on his back. [One of the components of abin that contrasts it to alam is that something may be given or the item may have been earned in some way.] see fr.: akon 1. 1.1To have someone take something for him/herself. Niggupal on woy nigtaladtalad dan on woy impa-abin dan ka ulu to nigbaba to sikan no babuy. They cut the meat up and divided it between themselves, and then they had the person who carried the pig on his back take the head for himself. osyn: akon 2; see: indan 1. 2To claim ownership of something. Nig-abin din on no kandin no gabas. He claimed that it was his own saw. see: kuò 1. 3To acknowlege as a relationship, or someone's authority. Nig-abin ni Pablo ka pogko-uripon din diò ki Hisus su noimu sikandin no sugu-anon. Paul acknowledged his [role as] slave to Jesus because he had become his servant. see fr.: unung 1; see fr.: damoy 2; see: tokod, patokod, ogho-o. 4To claim a relationship with someone not physically related; regard as related. Nig-abin a to sikan no otow; naan din no hari a rin. I have been claimed by that person; he regards me as his younger brother. Pan-abin din ka konò no hari rin. Layun ogsulodsulod kanta. He claims relationships with those who aren't his [real] younger-siblings. He is always paling-around-like-family with us. 5To admit or confess something, such as a fault. Kagi to sikan no nigtakow, “Og-abinon ku to koddì ian ka nigtakow koykow.” That person said, “I admit that it was really me who stole from you.” see fr.: angkon. 5.1Acknowlege or claim as one's own, such as one's subjects Og-abinon ni Joaquin ka taga Maambago no sakup din. Joaquin claims the residents of Maambago as his subjects. [DB says the relationship already exists. A leader is acknowledging his subjects as his. DB says that the sense is different than that of the earlier example in which Paul acknowledges that he is a slave/servant of God.] see: tokod 1. 6To attribute one's own thoughts or actions to someone else; shift blame to someone else. Ko du-on otow no ian nakasalò, no nigbayungan din ka songo otow su igpa-abin din ka nigtakow rin no salapì. If there is a person who actually was the one who did wrong, and then he accused someone else because he was causing his theft to be attributed [to someone else]. Ka sikan no nigpa-abin din diò to songo otow, impoid din ka salò din. That which he caused to be attributed to someone else, was used to cover up (lit. rub out) his fault. see fr.: bayung₂. 6.1To take the blame or assume the responsibility for someone else's action, such as someone else's debt, or of Jesus who took the punishment, blame or responsibility for the wrong doing of other people.
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agap 1v To race, involving just two people. Darua ka og-agap no ulì diò to baloy. Two people will race [each other] to return home. Nig-a-agap ka darua. The two people were racing [each other]. 2v To race one another, esp. of three or more people. Ka sikan no ogpa-ag-agapoy, li-agan. Ogtagù to saku no ogpallaguy. Ka ogpakaponga, ian ogpakaro-og. That [word] race each other is a game. They get in sacks and run. The one who is able to finish [first] is the one who wins. Ogpa-ag-agapoy ka mgo kuddò. The horses are racing each other. [such as in a game with multiple participants or when racing horses.] 3v To chase and catch up with someone or something. Ko du-on darua no ogpalawod no ka sagboka oghun-a, og-agapan ka oghun-a. If two [people] are going downriver [by raft/canoe] and one gets ahead, the other will chase and catch up with the one which got ahead. [The term agapan “catch up” includes the components of the words gapun “chase” and ogko-umaan “overtake”.] osyn: liu 1. 4vs To be overtaken and passed so that the other person will reach a destination ahead of him/her; beaten to a destination. Ko du-on taga Maguimon no ogligkat to Patil di nig-ulì on sikandan, no du-on nasinundul no og-ulì diò to Maambago, kagi sikandin to, “Ogka-agapan ka Usì.” Ogtabak ka taga Maguimon to, “Balagad. Hun-a ka rò du-on.” If there is someone from Maguimon who is leaving from Patil but he has left to return home, and there are others who have followed later who are returning to Maambago, they will say, “Usì, you will be inadvertently passed up.” The person from Maguimon will answer, “Nevermind. You just go on ahead.” Darua ka og-agap no ulì diò to baloy. Kagi to sagboka, “Ko ogka-agapan ka, koykow ka ogsakaru. Two were racing to return to the house. One said, “If you happen to be beaten [to the destination], you will be the one to fetch water.”
aguanta 1v To have stamina, strength or endurance to accomplish something. Ko hontow ka og-aguanta to ogduma, kandin ka ogka-alam. Whoever has stamina to come along, he/she will be chosen. see: manokal 1. 2v With negative, not to be able to bear or endure something . Konò ad og-aguanta to so-ini no dalu ku su nalugoy on. I cannot bear this illness of mine because it has [lasted] a long time. osyn: ponod 2.1. 3v To put up with, as a person. Og-aguantoon to maistra ka batò no og-ungod og-inso-insò. The teacher puts up with the child who is always asking questions. 4v To manage; with negative, not to be able to manage as to resolve some situation . Ko og-aguantoon nu rod ka so-i lawa ku no nigkogang on, awa-a nu su oyow ogmaroyow on. If you can manage [to heal] my body which has sores, remove them so that it will become well (lit. be good already). Konò og-aguanta si Joaquin no oghusoy to so-ini no problima su mabogat on lagboy. Joaquin cannot manage to resolve this problem because it is very difficult (lit. heavy.) see: honat 2. 5adj Patient. Ma-aguantoon ka Magbobo-ot. God is patient
akob 1n A layer of something, such as an additional layer of clothing like an undergarment, underskirt or slip or an upper garment such as a shawl or coat.. [Almost anything which can be layered, such as a layer of paint or a layer of wood.] see fr.: laplap 2; see: linas. 2v To be layered, as plywood. [This applies to thin layers or items such as plywood, paper or paint and would not be used of thicker items such as books or boards which would be stacked. It could also apply to layers of skin or leaves on the ground.] 3v To be multi-layered or stacked as many sheets of paper. [But not stacked as books. That would be ogpokog-ampow-ampow.] 4vs (Fig) To have one's thoughts or activities supplanted, or overlaid, or taken over by something. Ko pananglitan du-on oghimuon ta di ko du-on igkasasow ta, na-akoban ka oghimuon ta porom no an-anayan. If for example we are doing something but then something is worrying us, what we had been doing at first was supplanted [by that which is disturbing us]. Na-akoban ka doromdom ta to igkasasow ta no warò ta nato-ori to oghimuon ta porom. Our thinking was taken over by that which was worrying us and so we didn't accomplish what we would have done. [The following is an example of having one's thoughts so much supplanted or taken over (lit. overlaid) by something else that one cannot concentrate on what one had originally planned to do.] see: aloy₁ 2.
aku v 1To commit oneself to revenge, or to get back at someone. Ko du-on ogpa-agad-agad to og-aku to ogpohimatayan to songo otow, sikan ka og-aku no og-sulì to usig. If there is someone who agrees to commit himself to kill someone else, that is the one who will be brave enough to take revenge against an enemy. [This can be used in either a good sense or a bad sense as the examples that follow show. The first example actually uses two senses of aku in the same sentence.] see: tu-ud 1. 1.1To be committed to something, especially to have committed oneself to revenge. Ko du-on ogsugù, no og-aku ka dangob to ogpohimatayon no ogtuman sikandin, sikan ka og-akuon din to og-atu to usig. If there is someone who gives a command and someone else commits to kill [someone] and carries it out, that is the enemy against whom he has committed himself to take revenge. 2To be brave enough to do something; not to be afraid to do something. Ko du-on problima ku, konò a ogkasipod to og-aku no ognangon to ogpabulig a. If I have a problem, I am not afraid to ask for help. [In combination with a negative and the word for shame, it can mean not to be afraid to do something.] see: langob.
alam 1v To choose or pick out from other objects or people. Og-alam a to og-ugpa-an ku no baloy. Og-alam a to baloy no mamalu-ag ko warò otow no og-ugpò. Moon-ing ka baloy di sagboka rò ka ogkapurut. I'm going to choose a house to live in. I'm going to pick a house that is wider if it has no people living in it. There are many houses but just one which will be received. 2v To select as a day. Og-alamon ku ka allow to og-ulì a diò to Maambago su oghimu a to pinayag to agoloy. I'm going to select a day to return to Maambago. 3vs To have happened to chose, be able to chose something. Agad ogka-alam nu di ko subla ka buyù, konò ka ogpakapurut. Even though you should happen to choose [a house], yet if [the purchase price] requested is excessive, you will be unable to get it. 4v Be choosy.
ali-ad v To lean back and over against something. Og-ali-ad ka miow no ogbabalintu-ad ko ogli-ag to duma rin no miow. The cat leans back and over when it summer-salts when it plays with other (lit.its companion) cats. Ka batò ko ogsakopuon ta no ogpabbi-ad to poka rin, og-ali-ad ka batò. When we are holding a child in our arms and he lets his back bend back, the child is leaning back and over [against one's arms]. 1.1v The act of leaning back and over some object. Ogpabbi-ad a to poka ku no ig-ali-ad ku su masakit ka poka ku. I cause my back to bend backwards when I lean back and over against something because my back hurts.
aloy₁ see fr.: lagap. vs 1To be distracted or drawn away from a thought or activity by something else. Ko du-on oghimuon ta di ko du-on igkasasow ta, na-akoban ka oghimuon ta porom no an-anayan no na-aloy ki diò to dangob no warò ta nato-ori. If there is something we are [planning on] doing something but if there is something worrying us, the thing we would have done at the beginning is supplanted (lit. layered or covered over) and then we are drawn away to something else and so we didn't accomplish [what we started out to do]. see: talantan 2; see: ayat 4. 2To have one’s thoughts preoccupied by something. Ogka-aloy ka doromdom nu to mgo ulod-ulod no konò ka ogpakasagman to pogko-on. Your thoughts were being preoccupied with the [small] creatures and so you were not able to pay attention to food. [DB comment regarding a childhood experience when I played with bugs and snails and then could not eat my lunch because I was still thinking of those creatures.] see fr.: akob 4.
angkoy 1v To prop something up, such as to rest one’s elbow and arm on a companion’s shoulder, or prop one\\\\\\\'s feet up on something 2n Something which is used to prop up something. [When a body is sabal laid “in state” such as in a house-like structure, DB says that the body is laid on a piece of wood to prop it up.] 3deriv n A prop or resting place for something else. 4phrase A footstool. Ankayanan to pa-a. [It's] a resting place for feet.
anad 1v Teach. Ka maistra, og-anad to mgo istudianti. [As for] the teacher, he/she teaches the students. see fr.: ayat 2. 1.1v Taught Ka maistra ku to "grade one", sikan dod ka nig-anad ki Judith. My grade one teacher was also the one who taught Judith. 1.2vt To be taught by someone. Og-anaron ka mgo batò oyow du-on ogkato-uanan dan. The children are being taught so that they will have skills. 2v To be able to teach. Warò a nig-iman-iman to ogka-anad ku ka amoy woy ka anak. I had not expected that I would be able to teach the father and the daughter (lit. offspring). 2.1v To train or submit oneself to training (lit. allow oneself to be taught). Ka sikan no ogpo-omot to pa-anad, ogkato-u sikandin. That person who diligently trains (lit. causes [himself] to be taught) will become skilled. 2.2v That which is used to teach/train others. Ko nato-uan din, songo ig-anad din to songo otow. When he has become skilled, he will likewise use [that skill] to teach another person. 2.2.1v That which was taught, or used to train someone. Ogkaroromdom ku ka in-anad to amoy ku kanak tongod to talabau to oggabas to kayu no ighimu to baloy I remember that which my father taught me about the work of sawing wood to make a house. 3v Learn. Ka mgo batò, og-anad to ogsulat. The children are learning to write. 3.1vs To learn, become accustomed to. Kanokal ka to oghusud oyow ogka-anad ka oyow du-on ogkato-uan nu to oggabas. Be strong to pull [on the saw] so that you will learn so that you will know how to saw. 4v That which would be used to teach/train someone to do something. 5vs To have learned or to have become trained, accustomed to. Ko na-anad ka, du-on dayagang nu woy malomu nu su nigtagama nu. When you have become trained, you have strength and it is easy for you because you have become accustomed [to the work]. Warò koy na-anad to sikan no du-on ngalap. Na-anad koy to warò ngangalapoy noy. We are not accustomed to those kinds of fish [lit. viand]. We are accustomed to having no [means of catching] fish. see: tagam. 6v 7deriv n Teacher or the ones who teach. Ka maistra woy ka maistru, sikandan ka talag-anad to mgo istudianti. The male-teacher and female teacher(s), they are the teachers of the students [In the school context, the Spanish borrowings maistru and maistra are commonly used for “teacher” but talag-anad is still used for those who teach how to do anything.] 8Learn. 9v To enable someone gain the ability (lit. to learn) to do something such as to regain a skill that has been lost due to illness. Ogbuligan ta ka otow no malotoy to ogkitkit oyow ogpaka-anad to oghihipanow oyow ogpoko-orol on. We help a weak person by holding [his/her] hand so that [he/she] will gain the ability to walk so that [he/she] will be able to become ambulatory.
aras 1vs To be frustrated . Ogka-aras si Inò to kamot din su dakol ka hilamonon to homoy rin. Ogkagi rin to ogkara-at ka homoy rin su konò ogko-ubus no oghilamonon. Mother is frustrated because she has a lot of rice to weed. She says her rice will be wasted if she cannot finish weeding. [In the above example, there is frustration but no anger.] see fr.: anumpul; see: sasow 2; see fr.: ulingol 3. 2v To be provoked or to express irritation about something. Og-arasan koy to pokoipanow koy. We’re irritated because we have to walk. Ka otow no og-arasan, agad maintok ka ogkagion ta, maga-an ogkabolù. The person who gets provoked, even if what we say is small, he/she will be quick to become angry. Og-arasan ki to kuddò no naruad no konò ogkabayaran. We are provoked that the horse was sold and so it won't be paid for. [DB says the following example would fit a situation where some people got to ride on a raft and others had to walk. Those having to walk would be irritated because they didn't get to ride. There is some anger here resulting in grumbling.] see: kabolù. 3v To give vent to ones frustration. Og-aras-aras si Igì su warò ogtamong to anak din no konò ogpakapangali. Igì is venting [her] frustration because there is no one to watch her children and so she cannot go dig camotes.
ayad v 1Do something carefully. Ko ogboli ki, og-ayad-ayaron ta to ogpitow. When we are buying [something], we look at it carefully (lit. are careful in our looking). osyn: doyow 1. 1.1Be careful with something. 1.2Do carefully, that is, the manner of performing some activity is done carefully. Ko ogpamula, unawa to mgo “seedling” su ig-ayad-ayad ka igkapamula. Ogkalian ka ogpamula-an. When we plant [something] such as seedlings, then we will do the planting carefully. The planting area will be dug up. 2Take good care of; treat [someone] well. 2.1(Command) to take good care of or treat [someone] well. 3Be careful. No ayad-ayad ka su naan pà ko oghirogò ka no inogò no ogko-ulug ka hari nu. And be careful su possibly you will fall asleep and suddenly your younger sibling will fall.
ayam 1n A toy, pet, or favored thing. 2n A domesticated animal or bird. Tibò ayam du-on agasan di ka manuk, warò su kai to kiliran ka pa-a ran. All domesticated animals have hips but the chicken doesn’t [have hips] because its feet are [attached] at the side. 3v To keep as a pet or domesticated animal; treasure or store up something. Ko kandila-on ka ikug to itù, konò og-ayam to mgo otow su nahan dan no pamalili. If the tail of a puppy is tipped with white [resempling the flame of a candle], people will not make a pet of it because they think it is bad luck. 3.1v To domesticate; make a pet of something. Ka otow duon salapi din no sasiam do pisus ka imboli rin to limukon no og-ayamon din. A person had just nine pesos with which he bought a dove which he [would] domesticate. 3.2v To give something, especially to a child, to play with or be preoccupied with such as a toy or pacifier. 4deriv n A treasure; something stored up as valuable to that person. 4.1v To hoard. Ka batò ko ogpako-on no mananoy ogtakas, og-ay-ayaman din ka ko-onon din. Igpoima to unawa rin no batò. The child who is slow to finish what he was given to eat, he is hoarding his food. He uses it to make other children like him jealous. see: nugun 1. 5deriv n Person who raises and takes care of animals. 6deriv n Person who has a lot of different kinds of favorite things.
bakuli v 1To allow to grow back, such as sweet potatoes whose old vines have been removed. Ko ogbuyugan on ka mundu-an, og-awo-on tad ka taan no lawa to mundù no ogbakuli-on tad ka tubu-an no iam no lawa to mundù. When the sweet potato field has become old, we remove the old sweet potato vines (lit. old bodies) and then we allow the sweet potatoes to grow back as they sprout new sweet potato vines. 2To be repaid. Ko naruad to buyag ka asu rin no warò pad bayad [botad], ko nakabayad on ka napurut to sikan no asu, oglibong on ka igbayad to sikan no asu no nabakulì dò diò to tagtu-un su nabayaran din on. When an older person sold his dog which wasn't yet paid for, [and] when the person who got that dog has paid for it, the dog's value has been returned and so the owner has been repaid because [the dog] has been paid for. 3To recover something. Ogbakuli-on ku ka mo-irob ku ko ogpisal a to agoloy. I will recover my knife when my corn is sold. see: lokat. 4Buy back; redeem. Ogbakuli-on ku rò ka asu ku su napogos a rò ka nigduad ku su warò ogkoimuan ku. I will buy back my dog because I was forced to sell it because there was nothing [else] I could do. cf: balukas.
balò 1n A prediction based on some procedure or ceremony. Ka poghusud to natampod no songo banoy no bulu ko naponù to tanò, maroyow ka balò din su ogtuga ka homoy. When the single length of bamboo is pulled up, if it is full of earth, its sign is good because the rice will be plentiful. [Some predictions as from a test of the soil are not considered to be associated with sympathetic magic. However, predictions made in conjunction with ceremonies or sacrifices or the call of the omen bird are associated with traditional beliefs and involvement with the spirit world.] 2n With negative: Bad sign, as of bad luck Ogkagi to buyag, “Purut ka to manuk no igkuyab nu ig-awò to maro-ot no balò nu.” The older person will say, “Get a chicken to waver to remove your bad luck.” [especially that based on sympathetic magic] see: pamalii. 3v To use divination to determine the outcome or value of something. Ka mgo buyag, ogpanlo-uy to matosan no latì, no ogbabalo-an pad ko maroyow ka tanò no ogkamotan. The older people go out to a field of matured secondary growth and have a ceremony to determine whether it would be good to cut the growth on that piece of ground [for a field]. [It is based on sympathetic magic which may take various forms which are used by the Ata Manobo people to determine whether or not to cut a certain field. One method is to cut a piece of rattan the length of their cutting knife and then cut it again into lengths of the width of that same knife. From the pieces, they make a diagram on the ground of a rice house. If the pieces build a complete diagram with a ladder and an extra piece to fit in one of the rooms, the sign is good and they will cut that plot. However, if it comes out short, tor they have a tiny piece left over, they will not cut that field because they determine that the land will not produce a good crop. If there is a futhur extra long piece, it is put on the opposite end of the diagram which resembles a casket. Then they will not cut the field because they believe someone will die.] 4v To use something as a means to predict an outcome (??) 5v To have a resemblance to something Nabala-an to pogul su pogulon. He has a resemblance pogul wood because he’s lazy. [The following statement also seems to imply that that the lazy person was “destined” to be lazy. It is an insult by a parent who is angry because of the conduct.] 6v To treat by using sympathetic magic to bring about a desired result such as to rub bodies of an agressive wasp on a horse’s lips to make the horse agressive for a horse fight. Ka kuddò no nabalangitan, ogkabala-an to mgo ulod-ulod no songo ogmabulut. The horse which is being treated, [with something to make him fierce], he becomes like the creatures which are likewise fierce. 7deriv n Kind of bushy weed with long leaves which are tipped with red which could be used as a decorative plant.
banggal 1v To throw or toss. Ogbanggal to batu. He throws a ball. see: tugdò₁ 1. 2v Throw [something] at someone or something. Nigbanggal to batò ka duma din. The child threw [something] at his companion. 3v For many to throw something at one another. Ogmabangbanggaloy ka mgo batò to bagal. The children are throwing corncobs at each other. 4That which is thrown. Inbanggal ka manuk diò to tanò. The chicken was thrown to the ground. see: dogpak 1.
banoy₁ 1n The length between joints of plants such as bamboo, cane or rattan. 2v To procrastinate; prolong or to be slow to do something. Ogbanbanayan ki oghimata su ogkapogul ki to og-onow. We are procrastinating [our] waking up because we are lazy to get up. Banbanayan nu naboli ka wasoy su nig-awos nu to og-itu-os ka pirisiu din. You were slow [to make] your purchase of the axe because you needed it's price to be reduced. see: bali 1; see: woy rò.
banta-an v To make tentative plans to do something. Ka otow ogbanta-an ka ogkamot to so-ini no tu-id diò to ko-ulu to Imbabalud su matosan on no mgo latì diò. The person is making tentative plans to make a field this year at the headwaters of the Imbabalud stream because the secondary forest there is mature. Ka otow no ogbanta-an pad, tigbal din pad ogdoromdom no diò ogkamot sikandin to mamatosan no mgo latì. The person who is still tentatively planning, he is still merely thinking about making a field [where there is] a mature secondary forest.
boklas v 1To remove something, as laundry. Nigboklas to boi ka linobaan din no nigpunpun din on. The woman removed her laundry when she collected it. see: purut 1. 2To be removed from something. Ogboklason to boi ka lagut to ikam no oghiyabon din. The debris is removed from a mat when a woman shakes it. 3To have gone, or to have left for home. Ka napongaan on ka al-alukuyan to nalibulung no mgo otow, naboklas on ka nan-ulì on. Warad on otow. When the discussion of the gathered people was finished, they left for home. There were no people [left].
