anga n A kind of small fish. [similar to the ilabù or subuk which resemble a fish called bull head.]
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ana-ana 1vs To be rushed. Ogka-ana-ana ko ogga-ani oyow maga-an ogkaponga. Those who are harvesting are being rushed so that [the harvesting] will soon be finished. [TA comment was that if it took Titus 10 years to do a task one would not use the completive particle on because the work would be on-going.; The owner of a field may feel rushed or pressured due to being worried that it might rain and the harvest be ruined. His concern also puts pressure on the harvesters to hurry.] see fr.: ga-an 2.1; see: dagusu 1; see fr.: ga-an 2. 2v To be pressured to hurry. Ogka-ana-ana ki to igbuyag ta to oyow maga-an on ogkapongoi ka talabawon ta. We are being pressured by our leader to hurry so that our work will be finished soon. see: paragas.
anad 1v Teach. Ka maistra, og-anad to mgo istudianti. [As for] the teacher, he/she teaches the students. see fr.: ayat 2. 1.1v Taught Ka maistra ku to "grade one", sikan dod ka nig-anad ki Judith. My grade one teacher was also the one who taught Judith. 1.2vt To be taught by someone. Og-anaron ka mgo batò oyow du-on ogkato-uanan dan. The children are being taught so that they will have skills. 2v To be able to teach. Warò a nig-iman-iman to ogka-anad ku ka amoy woy ka anak. I had not expected that I would be able to teach the father and the daughter (lit. offspring). 2.1v To train or submit oneself to training (lit. allow oneself to be taught). Ka sikan no ogpo-omot to pa-anad, ogkato-u sikandin. That person who diligently trains (lit. causes [himself] to be taught) will become skilled. 2.2v That which is used to teach/train others. Ko nato-uan din, songo ig-anad din to songo otow. When he has become skilled, he will likewise use [that skill] to teach another person. 2.2.1v That which was taught, or used to train someone. Ogkaroromdom ku ka in-anad to amoy ku kanak tongod to talabau to oggabas to kayu no ighimu to baloy I remember that which my father taught me about the work of sawing wood to make a house. 3v Learn. Ka mgo batò, og-anad to ogsulat. The children are learning to write. 3.1vs To learn, become accustomed to. Kanokal ka to oghusud oyow ogka-anad ka oyow du-on ogkato-uan nu to oggabas. Be strong to pull [on the saw] so that you will learn so that you will know how to saw. 4v That which would be used to teach/train someone to do something. 5vs To have learned or to have become trained, accustomed to. Ko na-anad ka, du-on dayagang nu woy malomu nu su nigtagama nu. When you have become trained, you have strength and it is easy for you because you have become accustomed [to the work]. Warò koy na-anad to sikan no du-on ngalap. Na-anad koy to warò ngangalapoy noy. We are not accustomed to those kinds of fish [lit. viand]. We are accustomed to having no [means of catching] fish. see: tagam. 6v 7deriv n Teacher or the ones who teach. Ka maistra woy ka maistru, sikandan ka talag-anad to mgo istudianti. The male-teacher and female teacher(s), they are the teachers of the students [In the school context, the Spanish borrowings maistru and maistra are commonly used for “teacher” but talag-anad is still used for those who teach how to do anything.] 8Learn. 9v To enable someone gain the ability (lit. to learn) to do something such as to regain a skill that has been lost due to illness. Ogbuligan ta ka otow no malotoy to ogkitkit oyow ogpaka-anad to oghihipanow oyow ogpoko-orol on. We help a weak person by holding [his/her] hand so that [he/she] will gain the ability to walk so that [he/she] will be able to become ambulatory.
anak phr.: anak to dalan; phr.: anak to pamubungon₂. 1n A male or female offspring of an animal or human; son or daughter. 2v To give birth. Ko ogkapanoy ogkatapid ka batò diò to diralom to gotok, oglomulan ka inoy ko og-anak. If the baby (lit. child) in the abdomen has been properly positioned ahead of time, the mother will have it easier when she gives birth. Gabi-i pad nig-anak on ka kuddò ku. Just yesterday my horse gave birth. cf: agud. 2.1v To give birth in some place. - Ogdurugmun ka babuy to og-anakan din. A pig makes a bed for [a place where] she will give birth. 2.2v To give birth to multiple offspring. Ka karpa no ngalap, woy ogpanganak ko ogsilò ka bulan. Carp fish don’t give birth to multiple offspring until the moon comes out. 2.2.1v To give birth multiple times; give birth frequently. Ko du-on og-anak no warò pad nigtu-ig ka anak din no ogpanganak man dò sikandin, oghingaranan no mahariharion no manggianak su malasi og-anak. If someone gives birth when her child is not yet a year old so she is giving birth again, she is called a mother who produces siblings [one after another] because she frequently gives birth. 2.2.2v To reach birthing time. Ko du-on og-insò ko kon-u nanganak ka amboy nu, kagi to songo otow, “Ka ligad dò no allow ka pogpanganak.” If someone asks when your daughter-in-law delivered [her baby], another person will answer, “The previous day was her birthing time”. 2.2.3v Those which are birthed. Ka po-it, ka alu-an, woy ka pantat, ogparagas ogko-otow ka igpanganak dan. The po-it, mudfish and the catfish, are birthed alive (lit. directly live, when it is the time for them to be born [lit. the ones being birthed]. 3deriv n Uterus Ka a-anakan, sikan ka ugpa-an to batò diò gotok to inoy. The uterus, that is the dwelling place of the child in the abdomen of the mother. 4deriv n An adopted child. Ogko-iling ki Ugalinga no nig-uyamu to mgo batò, ogkoimu no anak-anak ran. It’s like Ugalinga who is caring from the childen, they have become heir adopted children. see: uyamuan. 4.1deriv n A stepchild. [A stepchild, that is the child of one's spouse is an anak-anak but not considered to be an uyamuan which is used of an adopted or foster child] 5deriv n Nephew or neice, also a cousin’s child. Si Binitu, songo maka-amung ku rod su anakon ku si Angelina. As for Binitu, he has also become my son-in-law because Angelina is my neice. 6deriv n Anything that has a young offspring; a mother, but especially a nursing mother. Ka mgo ngalap to woig no poit maroyow ka sabow rin to duon iam no manggi-anak su oggatasan. As for the po-it fish [lit. creatures of the water which are po-it], its soup is good for the nursing mother because [her breasts] will produce milk . [Also applies to female animals with young.] 6.1vs To become a nursing mother. Ka ogkamanggi-anak on no boi, sikan ka iam nig-anak no du-on on ogtago-uro-on no batò. Sikan ka ungod din oggibo-on, ogpasusuon, ogsakopuon woy og-uahon. A woman who has become a nursing mother, that is the one who has has newly given birth and now has a a child to care for. [Also applies to female animals who newly give birth] 7deriv n Parent and child doing something together; from parent’s standpoint. 8deriv n A child accompanied by his/her parent or parent accompanying his/her child. Ka tag-anak, ka amoy nigduruma to anak din. A child accompanied by its father, [that is when] the father has accompanied his son/daughter (lit. offspring). Ka amoy no nighondiò to lunsud, tag-anak ka nigduruma to du-on ogbolion dan diò to lunsud. The father who went to town, they are the child with his parent who accompanied each other to buy [something] in town. 8.1n A mother and her child. 9deriv v To hunt for frogs by searching for the frog eggs. Ogpaki-anak ki. We search for the offspring [of frogs]. Ogpakianak ki, ko ogkita ki to atolug to bakbak, du-on ta rò ogpamitawon ka inoy su du-on dò ian to marani ka og-olon. When we hunt for frogs, when we see the eggs of the frog, we will just find the mother [frog] because she will be there closely watching over [her eggs]. 10n Descendent of recent past [That is, descendants who were known andcan be recounted by one’s relatives in contrast to kapunganan which would refer to decendants a long time removed.] see: kapunganan 1.
anam v To pay attention to something such as to listen for breaking sticks in case there are raiders or prowlers in the village. Ko ogkulasan ta, og-anamon ta ko du-on otow -- sikan ka ogpansobon to du-on mangayow no oggogopù, ogkagi ki to "rrrrr". When we give a warning signal, we pay attention to whether there are people -- that is when those who are suspected to be raiders no step on sticks [as they prowl]. We say, “rrrrrr”. see: sagman 1; osyn: ngilam 1.
anlas 1v To deliberately throw something into the river so it will be carried away by the current. 2v To flow, as water. Ka woig no konò og-anlas, naponong. Water which does not flow has been dammed up. Ko nalusuk ka tanò, ogka-anlas ka woig. If the ground is on a downward incline, the water will inadvertently flow. 3v To carry away by current. Nig-anlas on to woig ka agoloy no warò pad nabahin. The water carried away the corn which had not yet been divided into shares. see: alus 1; see: alap 3. 3.1v To be carried away by current; drift. Ka nigsamba ka Liboganon, na-anlas ka mgo agoloy no sikan pad ian sanggi-a. When the Liboganon River flooded, the corn which was newly harvested was carried downriver by the current. 4v To float with the current. Ogpaki-anlas ki ka og-ambò ki to bulu. We [purposely] float with the current as we lean on [a pieces of] bamboo. 5n Time when pangi fruit is carried downstream.
anokot n A kind of rattan. gen: balagon 1.1.
antog 1v To purposely disturb or jostle something or someone. Ogtu-uran ta to og-antog to duma ta su ogko-on kid on; ogpukawon ta. We purposely disturb our companion because we will eat now; we awaken him/her. [such as when wanting to awaken someone] see fr.: dugnal 1. 2vs To be jostled. Ko ligad ki no ogkakois ta ka lamisaan, ogka-antog su nawo-il. If we brush against the table as we pass, it is jostled because it moved. 2.1vs To be disturbed as by a touch, a noise or a movement. Ko ogkoirogò ki to mo-ugtu no du-on ogkakagi, ogka-antog ki no ogkapukawan ki. Ka doromdom ta ka na-antog. If we sleep at noon and there are those who are talking, we will be disturbed and we will be awakened. It is our thinking which was disturbed. Na-antog ka lapinid to nabus-ugan to woig no pigsogod si Elena. The wasps were disturbed by having water poured on them and then Elena was stung. 3v To jog someone's memory; remind. Ko du-on utang to duma ta no konò ogbayad, og-antogan ta to og-insò. If one of our companions has a debt which [he/she] doesn't pay, we jog his/her memory by asking. Magi-insò ka igbogoy ku no babuy kaniu, ig-antog ku to doromdom nu ko kalingawan nu ka kanak? The pig which I am giving to you is being used to open the door to inquiry to jog your memory (lit. thinking) if you have forgotten that which is mine [that is, an unpaid debt for help with a bride price]? [such as when a debt has not been paid.] 4adj To disturb someone emotionally. Na-antog ka goinawa rin to bayungbayung dò kandin. Natokow ki su warò ki no-inso-i. His emotions (lit breath) were disturbed by those were were just making [false] accusations. We were taken by surprise because we had not been asked [about it]. [that is, to have negative emotions triggered by some incident]
anun v To cheer on, audibly agree with, as with a shout of approval. Ko du-on og-u-uranda, og-anun ki. When someone sings a love song, we give a shout of approval. Ungod og-u-uranda ko og-anunon ta. We will continue singing a love song if we are cheered on. [DB says this is praise.] see: dalong; see: sayò 1.
anunang n A kind of small tree which sheds its leaves. It is tan to creme color with sticky fruits that are eaten by birds. Ka anunang, oghimuon noy no tambal to bulò, ka ogmo-init, woy ogpatigpok to langosa. As for the anunang tree, we use it to make medicine for coughs, fever and to staunch blood. [It can be used to glue paper but isn't strong enough to glue heavier material such as wood. A solution made from the bark is used to treat coughs, fever and to stop bleeding.]
anup v To give something to someone without charge Anupon ki bag ni Andì. Andì will give something to us without charge. Og-anupon ta ka warò ogkako-on. We give without charge to those who have nothing to eat. Og-anup ki to duma ta no warò ogkako-on. We give something to our companions who have nothing to eat. [for which nothing is expected in return though if a person has something they may give something later.] see: sagapon.
apul 1n Argument. 2adj Argumentative. Songo apul dò ian ka so-i otow no konò no litos ka apul din. This person is just being argumentative whose argument is not correct. 2.1deriv n A person who is excessively argumentative. Ka otow no apulon, konò oghagtonghagtong to ogkagi. The excessively argumentative person won't quit talking. 3v To argue; talk back. Amana so-i batò no og-apul to ignangon to inoy. This child who talks back to that which his mother tells him [to do] is too much. [as child resisting instructions.] see: tabak 2. 3.1v The subject of an argument or what he is arguing about. Di nigkagi ka inoy, “Amana so-i batò no konò ogka-awa-an to ig-apul din.” But the mother said, “That's enough from this child who won't get rid of the subject of his arguing/what he is arguing about.” [In the example, the subject of the children's arguing (and fighting) was not appropriate because the one's falling over was an accident and not something the other deliberately did.] 4v To argue with one another. 4.1v That about which [people] are arguing with each other. Og-inso-on ta ko nokoy ka ligkatan to igpa-ap-apuloy rin. We will ask what the source of the argument was.
arab 1n A kind of curved knife, or bolo. Ka arab, marulag igkakamot su ogsinsinikoton dò to oghiipanow, panagana ko du-on usig. The arab knife is rarely used to cut a field because it is just strapped at the waist and worn when one travels, in case (lit. preparation if) there would be an enemy. [which has triangular shaped blade at the apex at about a 45 degree angle. Sometimes only the bottom edge is sharpened but all edges may be sharpened. It is about 2-3 inches wide and 15-20 inches long.] 2v to sharpen one or both sides of a piece of bamboo. Ko og-abat ki to bulu, og-araban ta su oghimuon ta no sinombung. When we cut down bamboo, we sharpen it because we will make into a bamboo spear. [Thought used primarily of sharpening an edge of bamboo, the same word and procedure could be done to certain kinds of hard wood but more rarely as most wood is not suitable. DB said it would not apply to sharpening metal.] see: mo-irob.
atu v 1To resist, to return evil for evil. Ko du-on otow no ogdakopon ta, ogkagi ki to, “Konò kad og-atu su no-upul kad on no nalingutan kad on.”. If we are taking someone into custody, we say, "Don't resist because you are caught and you are already surrounded." 2React against someone. Koddì ka og-uwangan din su awoson to og-atuan ku ka nigsulung koddì. I am the one upon whom he was venting [his emotions] because he wanted me to react against the ones who were attacking me. Hagtongid to ogkagi su ogko-opos on ka goinawa ku koykow no ogpaka-atu ad koykow. Quit talking because I will get fed up with you and I will happen to react [in an undesirable manner] against you.
ayad v 1Do something carefully. Ko ogboli ki, og-ayad-ayaron ta to ogpitow. When we are buying [something], we look at it carefully (lit. are careful in our looking). osyn: doyow 1. 1.1Be careful with something. 1.2Do carefully, that is, the manner of performing some activity is done carefully. Ko ogpamula, unawa to mgo “seedling” su ig-ayad-ayad ka igkapamula. Ogkalian ka ogpamula-an. When we plant [something] such as seedlings, then we will do the planting carefully. The planting area will be dug up. 2Take good care of; treat [someone] well. 2.1(Command) to take good care of or treat [someone] well. 3Be careful. No ayad-ayad ka su naan pà ko oghirogò ka no inogò no ogko-ulug ka hari nu. And be careful su possibly you will fall asleep and suddenly your younger sibling will fall.
ayam 1n A toy, pet, or favored thing. 2n A domesticated animal or bird. Tibò ayam du-on agasan di ka manuk, warò su kai to kiliran ka pa-a ran. All domesticated animals have hips but the chicken doesn’t [have hips] because its feet are [attached] at the side. 3v To keep as a pet or domesticated animal; treasure or store up something. Ko kandila-on ka ikug to itù, konò og-ayam to mgo otow su nahan dan no pamalili. If the tail of a puppy is tipped with white [resempling the flame of a candle], people will not make a pet of it because they think it is bad luck. 3.1v To domesticate; make a pet of something. Ka otow duon salapi din no sasiam do pisus ka imboli rin to limukon no og-ayamon din. A person had just nine pesos with which he bought a dove which he [would] domesticate. 3.2v To give something, especially to a child, to play with or be preoccupied with such as a toy or pacifier. 4deriv n A treasure; something stored up as valuable to that person. 4.1v To hoard. Ka batò ko ogpako-on no mananoy ogtakas, og-ay-ayaman din ka ko-onon din. Igpoima to unawa rin no batò. The child who is slow to finish what he was given to eat, he is hoarding his food. He uses it to make other children like him jealous. see: nugun 1. 5deriv n Person who raises and takes care of animals. 6deriv n Person who has a lot of different kinds of favorite things.
ayat 1vs To be lured, enticed, tempted. Ogka-ayat ka lukos. To koddì no doromdom, konon litos. The men would be enticed. In my opinion, that isn't appropriate. Oghirosonan ta ka goinawa ta oyow konò ki ogka-ayat to maro-ot no batasan. We strengthen our resolve (lit breath) so that we won't be tempted to do wrong. cf: gawoy 2; osyn: hù 2, imu-imu-an. 2v To motivate. Ko og-ayaton ta ka batò, oglanganon ta to walis oyow ogka-anad. When we motivate a child [to sweep], we hand him a broom so that he will learn. see: anad 1. 3v To use something to pacify, as something given to a crying child so that he/she will stop crying. Ka kindi ka ig-ayat ta to batò no ogsinogow. Candy was used to pacify the child who was crying. [TA said you would not use kohoy-u "pity; show compassion" in this context; rather you would use ig-ayat if you gave candy to children to motivate them to listen to what you had to say.] 4vs To be drawn aside as to another task or activity. Ko ogka-aloy ki, sikan ka ogka-ayat ki diò to dangob no talabao. If we are distracted, you will be drawn to some other work. see fr.: aloy₁ 1. 5v To bait, as a hook or trap. see: po-on 1.
ba-ad 1n Half. Nig-agow ka ba-ad no tanò ku. Tongà ka ba-ad. Someone took away a half portion of my land. A half portion is a half. osyn: tongà 1; see fr.: pori 1. 1.1v To divide in half. Ko sikoykow ka tagtu-un to songo saku no agoloy no ogba-aron nu, tongà ka igbogoy nu. Tongà ka igsabuk nu. If you are the owner of a sack of corn which you will divide in half, you will give half of it. You will keep (lit. put away) half. 2n An equal portion. 2.1n To divide into equal portions or parts. Ko ogba-adba-aron to tatolu ka songo saku no homoy, ogtatoluan ka ba-ad. Tatolu ka pogtalad. Og-un-unawa ka talad dan If a sack of rice is divided by three, there will be three |[equal] portions. It will be shared with three people. Their shares will be exactly the same. 3v To divide into several equal parts. see fr.: pori 3. 4v Divided into two parts, as a river. Ko oglanog ka woig, ogkaba-ad on su ogpakabayò diò to siak. Noimu on no darua ka lawa to woig. If the river has risen, it will become divided in two parts because it has passed into a secondary channel. [If the water is divided, it is not necessarily divided equally.] 5v Become divided into three or more parts. [In this case, the portions are not likely to be equal.]
bagkolong v 1To dance, turning first to one side and then to another. Ka otow no nigsayow to kuglung, ogbagkolong dò ko ogsayowsayow. Ka bakolong, agad hondo-i ogkolong sikandin ka ogsayow. The person who danced to the kuglung instrument was turning from side to side as he/she was dancing. As for [the word] bagkolong, he/she turns in any direction while dancing 2Extended Meaning: To be strong-willed; (in a negative sense); disobedient. Ka otow no ogbagkolong, og-atu to agad nokoy no udling. Konò ogpabo-ot Ka kandin dò no katagaanan, ian din ogtumanon. The person who is strong-willed, he resists any kind of advice. He won't let someone control him. He only carries out that which comes from his own knowledge. [considered to be a bad trait]
bagò 1n Lung. 2deriv n A kind of fish.
bakì 1v Enfold, or wrap in leaves or corn husks for steaming. [such as corn, rice or cassava.] 2v To wrap something for steaming. Ko ogbaki-on ka agoloy, ogpoku-on ka ko-opusan to doun woy oglupi-on ka pogtongos. When the corn is wrapped for steeming, the ends of the leaves are turned under and the wrapping is folded. 3v That which is used to wrap the food to be steamed. [such as a leaf or corn husk.] 4n A quantity of this bread-like steamed preparation ready to eat.