9.6.2.2. Limitation of topic

ᦁᧃᦞᦱᧈʔan⁴waa⁵2000conjunctionas for; with respect to; in that. [Note: Introduces the topic of a sentence.]ᦁᧃ ᦞᦱᧈ ᦇᦹᧃ ᦺᦢ ᦺᦞᧉ ᦺᦓ ᦵᦣᦲᧃ, ᦅᦳᧂᧈ ᦁᦱᧃᧈ ᦙᦴᧉ ᦵᦌᦲᧁᧈ ᦌᧄᧉ.As for the money he stored away in his house, the Public Security confiscated it all.ᦘ ᦍᦱ ᦞᦱᧈ: “ᦁᧃ ᦞᦱᧈ ᦑᦱᧃᧈ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦠᦱ ᦉᧂ ᦔᦲᧃ ᦉ ᦃᦲᦰ, ᦶᦎᧆ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦺᦡ.”The king said, "In that you can bring no proof, I cannot make a judgement."9.6.2.2Limitation of topic3.5.1.2.9Be about, subjectᦁᧃᦞᦱᧈ
ᦓᧃᧉnan⁶ᦓᧃᧈ5001demonstrative adjectivethat. [Note: Used with a classifier.]ᦉᧅ ᦺᦡᧉ ᦖᦱᧅ ᦠᦲᧃ ᦟᦴᧅ ᦓᧃᧉ ᦢᦲᧃ ᦗᦸᧅ ᦺᦔ ᦣᧂ.She grasped that stone in her beak and flew back to her nest.ᦍᦱᧄ ᦓᧃᧉ ᦵᦉᧂ ᦓᦱᧆ ᦶᦓᧃ ᦙᦱ ᦅᧄ ᦵᦡᧁ.At that time there was suddenly the sound of guns.9.2.3.5Demonstrative pronouns2demonstrative adjectiveas for. [Note: ᦓᧃᧉ marks the end of the topic in a topic-comment construction. It also marks the end of a relative clause.]ᦵᦙ ᦓᧃᧉ ᦔᦲᧃ ᦺᦃᧉ, ᦀᧁ ᦺᦔ ᦊᦱ ᦑᦲᧈ ᦷᦣᧂ ᦊᦱ.The wife - she was ill. They took her to the hospital for treatment.ᦙᦲ ᦷᦓᧅ ᦍᦳᧂ ᦷᦎ ᦁᧃ ᦃᧅ ᦺᦅᧉ ᦖᧃᧈ ᦠᦱ ᦓᧃᧉ ᦷᦎ ᧚.There was a peacock who was diligent in hunting for food.9.6.2.2Limitation of topicᦺᦐᦓᧃᧉᦑᧁᧈᦓᧃᧉᦺᦡᦓᧃᧉ
ᦠᧃᧉhan³5001demonstrative pronounthat one; that place; that time; thereᦘᦱᧅ ᦈᦱᧅ ᦠᧃᧉ.He left from there.ᦠᧃᧉ, ᦊᦴᧈ ᦑᦲᧈ ᦠᧃᧉ ᦵᦓ, ᦑᦸᧂᦰ ᦤᦸ!There, it is there, look!ᦙᧃ ᦵᦙᦲ ᦺᦐ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦋᦸᧄ ᦣᦸᧆ ᦑᦲᧈ ᦠᧃᧉ.Wherever she went he followed her there.ᦎᧂᧉ ᦠᧃᧉ ᦙᦱ.From then on.8.5.1Here, there2demonstrative pronounmarks the end of a topic in a topic-comment constructionᦺᦓ ᦟᦻ ᦑᦱᧃᧈ ᦠᧃᧉ, ᦋᦱᧂᧈ ᦙᦲ ᦂᦱᧃ ᦂᦲᧉ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦉᧂ?In that letter of his, what urgent matter could there be?ᦶᦊᧈ ᦟᦱᧉ ᦠᧃᧉ ᦙᦲ ᦗᦲᧆ ᦋᦰ ᦝᦱᧂᧉ ᦺᦡᧉ ᦘᦰ ᦍᦱᧆ ᦉᦻ ᦵᦟᦲᧆ ᦡᦱᧂᧉ.Tea leaves, they have an ingredient which prevents hardening of the arteries.ᦺᦓ ᦷᦖᧂ ᦠᧃᧉ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦙᦲ ᦔᦱ ᦉᧅ ᦷᦎ.In that basket, there wasn't even a single fish.9.6.2.2Limitation of topicᦐᦲᧉᦠᧃᧉᦵᦜᧁᦐᦲᧉᦞᦱᧅᦠᧃᧉ
ᦡᧂᧈdaŋ²5001conjunctionimmediately; as soon asᦡᧂᧈ ᦘ ᦍᦱ ᦈᧁᧉ ᦵᦙᦲᧂ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦠᦱᧅ ᦙᦲ ᦩᦱᧄ ᦵᦕᦲᧆᧈ ᦀᦻ ᦒᦲ ᦉᦳᧆ.Immediately the king was very embarrassed.ᦡᧂᧈ ᦃᧁᧉ ᦺᦓ ᦂᦱᧂ ᦗᦾ ᦅᦳᧃ ᦑᧂ ᦜᦻ ᦷᦃ ᦺᦉᧈ.As soon as he entered the festival everybody laughed at him.8.4.6.4.4Immediately2conjunctionwhen; thereforeᦡᧂᧈ ᦺᦑ ᦢᦱᧃᧉ ᦙᦲ ᦓᧄᧉ ᦷᦖᧅ ᦺᦈ ᦆᦸ ᦎᦸᧈ ᦙᧃ ᦺᦡᧉ ᦔᦱᧃ ᦺᦡ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦋᦱᧂᧈ ᦔᦱᧅ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦋᦱᧂᧈ ᦞᦱᧈ.When the villagers had an opinion about him they were unable to express it.ᦡᧂᧈ ᦂᦱᧃ ᦊᦱᧄᧉ ᦜᦹᧆᧈ ᦚᦳᧂ ᦓᦲᦰ ᦋᦱᧆ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦡᦲ.Therefore this tradition is not good.9.6.2.6Result3conjunctionas ifᦵᦉᦲ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦂᧇ ᦵᦗᧆ ᦡᧂᧈ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦣᦴᧉ ᦈᧅ ᦂᦱ ᦓᧃᧉ.The tiger changed his manner as if he didn't know the crow.8.3.5.2.2Like, similar4prepositionas for. [Note: Marks the topic in a topic-comment construction.]ᦡᧂᧈ ᦵᦆᦲᧂᧈ ᦓᧃᧉ ᦎᦴ ᦃᦾᧉ ᦀᧁ ᦙᦱ ᧟.As for the equipment, I have already brought it.ᦡᧂᧈ ᦓᦲᦰ ᦙᧃ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦺᦡᧉ ᦊᦹᧄ ᦐᧂᧉ ᦀᦲᦰ ᦆᧄ.This one she borrowed from E Xam.ᦡᧂᧈ ᦵᦉ ᦓᦱ ᦑᧂ ᦜᦻ ᦺᦕ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦀᦱᧆ ᦈᧅ ᦶᦂᧉ ᦺᦡᧉ.As for the courtiers, not one of them could solve it.9.6.2.2Limitation of topic5prepositionlike; similarᦔᦲᧃ ᦡᧂᧈ ᦅᧄ ᦚᧃ.It was like a dream.ᦠᦻ ᦡᧂᧈ ᦓᧄᧉ.It disappeared like water.8.3.5.2.2Like, similarᦎᦱᧄᦡᧂᧈᦎᦲᧆᦡᧂᧈᦓᧄᧉᦡᧂᧈᦔᦱᧃᦡᧂᧈᦵᦖᦲᧃᦡᧂᧈᦗᦸᦡᧂᧈᦗᧃᦡᧂᧈᦡᧂᧈᦓᦲᦰᦡᧂᧈᦣᦹᦵᦣᧆᦔᦲᧃᦡᧂᧈᦵᦣᧆᦡᧂᧈ