nengipe- -anvcircumfix, this causative affix references a topicalized cause, a time or a placeYa ngala da hu nengipea-allawan dan hi-gada di ay-ayaman ni kaalman.Their noisiness was the reason (lit. cause) that they sent them away from the game yesterday.Hipa nengipekalgaan yudda etan ni carton ni neih-adan ni Tanduay?Who did you have carry the cartons of Tanduay?Limmaw ida kunud Palaw eman ni nak nengipeaygan ni hi-gada.They went to Palaw, they said, when I had them be called.Simpengipe- -an 1The form is also used in an interrogative construction; the question word is in the topicalized NP position.