Colors
(Mugixindi)

gamatana – green

mugixi – color

mutuxuna – black

mutuxutiti – gray

sabuxana – red

sabuxatiti – light red

sagayana – yellow

sagayatiti – light yellow

sikokop – purple

talaktalak – orange

usamana – white

usautiti – motley, of various colors

Numbers
(Titingadi)

taininau – 1

hiliana – 1 (additive for numbers higher than 2)

luwa – 2

luwa hiliana – 3

tuwa – 3 (short form)

luwadi luwadi – 4

luwadi luwadi hiliadinga – 5

hatainghataina – 10

neng – a pair, two

Body Parts
(Sangga Hataindi)

ati – liver

baba namu – hip

baba – thigh

babang hoxongina – pelvic bone

badu – lip

biamina – gall bladder

birikbirik – brain

buang uxuna – throat cartilage

bulibuli – buttocks

gamogamu – abdomen

ganring – molar

gaxugaxuna – lung

giduna – nape of the neck

guana – skull

hatuna – kidney

hisu – navel, belly button

kayaxa – shin, calf

kia – leg or foot

kia guana – toenail

kia hataxuna – calf

kia luna – sole

kia tambong – heel

kia tinana – big toe

kia tuxuna – knee

kia ubuna – the top of the foot

kia uxuna – toe

kia xana – ankle

kilangkilang – pancreas

kurungana – the top of the head, the soft spot of a baby

langing xoxinoa – collarbone, clavicle

laplabuna – stomach organ

lipu langina – sperm

luba marandi – testicles

mana – tongue

manggopmanggop – cheek

maxa – eye

maxa buxana – eyebrow, eyelash

maxa hatuna – eyeball

maxa kaxaxana – the part of the skull that makes up the ridge over the eye

maxa langina – tear

maxa rabina – eyelid

maxarabina – eyebrow

minang uxuna – sternum

mulanginoa – private parts, euphemism for the area of the body of the sexual organs

muxumuxung sanggana – foreskin

muxumuxunoa – penis

nangu – spleen

ngarukngaruk – throat

ramanramangina – ribs

ramramo – face or forehead

rima guana – fingernail

rima hataxuna – forearm

rima lisua – middle finger

rima luna – palm

rima mangok – forefinger

rima saxuna – little finger

rima sigingana – finger joints, knuckles

rima tinana – thumb

rima tuxuna – elbow

rima ubuna – back of the hand

rima uxuna – finger

rima xana – upper arm

rima – arm or hand

ringringina – chest

sakikixina – armpit

salulunga waxuna – urethra

sangga – body

sangga – skin

siginga – joint

sikokori – heart

sip waxuna – vein, artery

su – the breast of a woman or man

suxunguxungu – mouth

tai mutuxuna – large intestine

tai namu – rectum

tai usamana – small intestine

tambong – ankle

tambung – beard

tangalia – ear

tangalia ginangina – ear canal

tangalia lona – the large, cartilage part of the ear

tangalia taina – earwax

tangalia yabubugina – eardrum

toatua – bone

toxang – the thyroid cartilage peak commonly called Adam’s apple

toxoloxolo – hair on the head

toxotaxu – head

tuxuna – a body joint

ubung tuana – spine, backbone

ubung tuang birikbirigina – spinal cord

ubutua – spine

ubuxuna – the two muscles that flank the lower backbone, the large latissimus dorsi muscles

ulena – side of the body

uxang namu – tailbone

wagixana – rib

wai – tooth

waxu – umbilical cord

waxutu – neck or throat

waxuwaxuna – ligament or tendon

xambam – hip

xoxa – chin

yaxu – shoulder

yaxung xalubina – scapula, shoulder bone

yungginang – nostrils

yungxa – nose

yungxa gaxumina – the flexible part of the nose

yungxa ginangina – nostril

Kinship and Other Relationships
(Bakbakdi xaung Riaradi)

abua – grandfather

ayuana – husband

bakbak – family, clan, group

baungtibundi – parents

bauwa – mother or aunt

bisa – female in-law

hagu – orphan

haininoa – wife

hamunga – sister

haragaragangana – twins

haringina – first born

kixing – younger sibling of the same sex

kos – a man whose wife has died, a widower

longana – in-law, a relative by marriage

loxongina – female in-law

mama – dad

matuau – firstborn child

mondi – married couple

moxongonoa – rother of a female

nanuhang – daughter

nina – cousin

pabo – grandmother

ria – friend

ruanginoa galaina – widow

sabanganoa – older brother or sister

samoa hasiana – widowed or divorced

sip – blood relative

tap – widow

tibuna – father

tibung wasangam – guardian, foster parent, caretaker

toxongo – mother’s brother, or the children of a male’s sister

ulunoa hasiana – widow

ulunoa moti – widow

xapkuti – to adopt a child

xapsaxi – to sire, to make children

yap – wife

Biblical and Religious Key Terms
(Urana Xuang Haruangang Sabangadi)

Aisaya – Isaiah

Amos – Amos

Aposel – The Acts of the Apostles, Acts

aposel – apostle

atindi daxaringa – reconciled

atindi dimoti mana – a person who is generous, whether the recipient deserves it or not, gracious, grace

axamana bila mibinga – vision

axamang haringina – miracle

babu – idol

Danyel – Daniel

Epasas – Ephesians

Esekiel – Ezekiel

Esra – Ezra

Esta – Esther

Galesia – Galatians

gamogamu mosiu – peace

guha gobagoba – tomb

guxam – an incantation or spell which can be either good or bad

guxam – bless

Habakak – Habakkuk

Hagai – Haggai

hanania – sacrifice

hananianga – offering

Hanaunaunga – Deuteronomy

hanaunaunga – law or instruction

harua saha mana – to speak figuratively

haruanga babuna – parable

haruanga maxunama – truth

harungia – speak against, blaspheme

Hatanga Masok – Revelation

hatum haringina – believe, trust

hatuminga muganga – the flesh, the sin nature

hau – to ratify or endorse, to promise

hauxang sibuna – hate

haxa mauli rangua yaungam – adultery

Hibru – Hebrews

Hosea – Hosea

iti yanoa – praise, worship, dignify or honor

kinu rangua gaxarea yau teguyu – adultery or fornication, sleep with someone you’re not married to

Kolosi – Colossians

Korin – Corinthians

Kristo – Christ, a title for Jesus

kubolu diana – sin

kubolu maringina – righteousness

Lipu Hananiangam Oxatanoa – Leviticus

lipu hananiangama – priest

lipu hanaunaunga tubatubainganam – scribe or teacher of the law

lipu haringina – married adult male, bigman, elder, boss, master

lipu hatung suxinganama – magi or wise man

lipu manang luwa – deceitful or two-faced person, hypocrite

lipu oxata olanggam – servant or slave

lipu suxuyangama – judge

lipu titiamdi – mankind, world

Lipu Xabiangam – Ecclesiastes

Lipu Xabinga Muliam – Savior

Lipua Ma Rangua Urana – Son of Man

lipudi dinaxu mana – disciples

long salakkam – hell

long xaiya – heaven

Luk – Luke

Maika – Micah

Mak – Mark

Malakai – Malachi

Matyu – Matthew

mesa muli – resurrect, rise again

murung sibuna – love

Nahum – Nahume

Naxuyanga – Chronicles

Niamaya – Nehemiah

Obadaya – Obadiah

Olaidi – Psalms

Pailimon – Philemon

paradais – paradise

Parisi – Pharisee

Pilipai – Philippians

Pita – Peter

ralana – brilliance, radiance, shining light, glory

Rom – Rome

Runginga Xai – Proverbs

Rut – Ruth

sabu – pray

sabu mana – worship

Sadyusi – Sadducee

Samwel – Samuel

Satan – Satan, Lucifer

Sekaraya – Zechariah

Sepanaya – Zepheniah

sina salaga – persecute

Solomon Olainoa – Song of Songs or Song of Solomon

su haruanga – accuse

sugua – baptise

suka – expel, cast out, disown

ta mana daxanga diana – entice someone to do something immoral, cause someone to sin

ta maxana mana – to hope without expectation, to wait but be undecided about the outcome

ta ragunga mana – to hope with expectation of a positive outcome

Taitas – Titus

takis – tax

Tang – Lamentations

Taunga Dalingam – Passover

Tesalonaika – Thessalonians

Timoti – Timothy

ting haruanga – speak figuratively

Titinga – Numbers

Toxondi – Judges

Toxoratamona – Lord, head chief

ulek xai – gospel or good news

Unggutinga – Genesis

Urana – God

Urana Aningonoa – Holy Spirit

Urana Garanoa – Son of God

Urana lipuxing maringina – saint

Urana Lipuxing Mogunganama – Messiah

Urana lipuxing suxunguxunguam – prophet

Urana mogu naina – holy, something set apart by God for himself

Urana Numanoa – Temple, the Jewish house of worship in Jerusalem

Urana uleginama – angel, a messenger of God

Urana Xuana – Scripture, The Word of God

Urana Yonggaxinoa – kingdom of God

walinga subingang teguam – eternal life

xai balingama – cross

Xaidap Yaguangam – Sabbath

xaitamoxi – king

Xaitamoxi – Kings

xap langa – to get baptised

xap muli – save

xap salaga – receive persecution

Xapdi Muli – Exodus

xaunga – an evil spirit, a demon

xaungadi yanamidinga – devil

xugia hatuminganoa – repent

xuxu sangga – circumcise

Yems – James

Yeremaya – Jeremiah

Yesu – Jesus

Yoel – Joel

Yon – John

Yona – Jonah

Yop – Job

Yosua – Joshua

Yuda – Jew

Yuda Teguam – Gentile, a non-Jew

Yudadi sabungading numanoa – synagogue

yunga kubolunoa – forgive

Yut – Jude

Types of Animals

abungina – wild, undomesticated

asaxa – all animals except humans

asaxadi daxang riadingdi – cannibal

bilok – any small lizard

bina – insect

buxu – any large animal the size of a pig or larger

dubak – ant

gambumang – spider

gambuxam – rodent

gomi – shellfish

gulup – any large lizard

haxinggu – frog

langu – fly

mang – bird

moru – livestock, domesticated

moxa – any snake or snake-like creature

nangnang – domestic, tame

samana – any type of bandicoot

song – fish

xanam – marsupial

yabubuk – butterfly

Parts of Animals
(Asaxa Hataindi)

banana – flipper of a sea turtle or manatee

bemina – gall bladder

buxa – body hair, excluding the head, animal hair or fur

ganring – molar, back teeth of a man or animal

gauta – pig’s teeth, in particular the tusks

guana – a seashell or eggshell, claws, fingernails, toenails

kia guana – toenail, claw

kinrang – mane of an animal, such as a horse, crest of a cockatoo, long hair or feathers on the neck

luna – animal fat, blubber

mututungana – meat or muscle

ogana – the tenticle of an octopus or squid

orana – fat

salam – horn or antler, on a bettle or cow

sogi – the rough skin of a crocodile or lizard, the plates

uxauxa – tail

yona – a fang of a dog or crocodile

Large Animals
(Buxudi)

bapalo – water buffalo

bilang – large rodent species

bixweng – black cuscus species

bulmakau – cow

buxu – pig

donki – donkey

gambuxam – mouse or rat

ginimbong – marsupial species

goxomba – large rat species

hatung – black and white cuscus species

haxau – rodent species

hos – horse

masinggep – Sugar Glider

meme – goat

mutum – large rodent species

niwa – Spotted Cuscus

pusi – cat, feline

rumang – Forbes Ringtail Possum

sipsip – sheep

sonang – wallaby

tinrung – black marsupial species

xanam – Huon Tree Kangaroo

Reptiles
(Bilokdi xaung Gulupdi)

abilok – small brown lizard species

bilok – small lizard species

buxutabuxina – small black lizard species

galungmuruna – large white-striped gecko species

gixiwai – green Goana species

gulumgulumbai – lizard species

gulup – Spotted Goanna lizard species

gumbambilok – skink species

halik – small green lizard species

kumbaxum – small lizard species

kunenep – the common gecko

malik – small black lizard species

saumbutu – large dragon lizard species

ubugubugu – Dragon Lizard

xarip – small black lizard species

xuxuang – Blue-tongued lizard or skink

Snakes
(Moxadi)

ananas – sea cucumber species

axi – ground-dwelling python species

batiangana – caterpillar species

boxodiang – small snake species

bula – small white caterpillar species

bulam – small caterpillar species, pupa

duaibauna – sea cucumber species

gama – python species

gamurakrak – multicolored caterpillar species

gep – sago grubworm

goxombiang – millipede

guxuguxu – sea cucumber species

iba – leech

imim – Green Tree Python

kuanggep – worm species

likliktinana – snake species

maringang – sea cucumber species

moxa – any snake

moxamoxa – any worm

mudi – death adder

muxum – brown snake species

naxinggula – small, long, brown snake species

ralamaxungina – small white snake species

raung – small black edible caterpillar species

suhi – white snake species

sunai – black and white sea snake species

talep – small black caterpillar species

titimoxana – small black snake species

tuna – saltwater eel species

umbu – ground-dwelling python species

ungsusuna – sea cucumber species

uxalelena – small brown snake species

xaupmuruna – small snake species

xipmang – worm species

xixipmang – small brown snake species

xoram – common freshwater eel species

yadu – centipede

yahayaha – small brown caterpillar species

Birds
(Mangdi)

baleluk – small green bird species

balum – eagle species

baluwa – large black bird species

bandim – Spectacled Fruit Bat, flying fox

bangguweng – brown bird species

baxaliku – pigeon species, dove

benggum – red parakeet species

bogi – eagle species

boxai – green parrot-type bird species

buibui – small black bird species

buntuk – New Guinea Harpy-Eagle

damak – Blyth’s Hornbill

dimukmuk – small bat species

dindi – Common Paradise Kingfisher

dowo – small black bird species

dungdunggoxoyang – small black bird species

galungmangina – small black bird species

gexam – black bird species

gigip – Brown Falcon

goxok – Golden-Faced Dwarf Whistler

gubung – large black bird species

gumak – dove or pigeon species

halinghaling – black cockatoo

hintingtixik – small grey bird species

kanai – seagull species

kingguriri – pigeon species or dove

kinring – white bird species

kinrong – small black bird species

kixinggep – lorikeet

kolakola – kingfisher species

kombaluk – large black bird species

mang – any type of bird

marong – egret species

matikomkom – brown eagle species

miyap – bird species

morong – heron species

muleng – wild fowl

mum – small brown bird species

muxaxu – chicken or rooster

namang – large black bird species

okok – raven

ombaxak – small black bird species

pato – duck

rabaraba – owl species

ragip – coastal wild fowl

raingang – large grey bird species

rumoliang – red, blue and black parrot species

sabogi – Mouse Warbler

samsamgatik – small black bird species

samum – black bird species

sapariku – small, black and white bird species

siku – Sacred Kingfisher or Hook-billed Kingfisher

silalak – small brown bird species

silelia – small coastal bird species

simbau – large black bird species

singsing – small eagle species

sixatinana – brown and white bird species

songdepdep – small grey bird species

soxobam – small black bird species

suaxu – a small bird species

sumbalak – small brown bird species with a long

taga – Wattled Brush Turkey

talisong – large brown bird species

tamguxak – bird species

timbuxam – small black bird species

tininggaya – large brown eagle species

toxoptoxobang – small colorful bird species

uti – large white bird species

wakwak – the Melanesian megapode

wasiwas – small bat species

wokwak – small, green and brown bird species

xaiyom – Sulphur-crested Cockatoo

xendungxendung – Lawes Parotia Bird of Paradise

xubok – small white bird species

yamayama – Emperor Bird of Paradise

yambam – Sickle-crested Bird of Paradise

yamtuxung – Sacred Kingfisher

yautuang – large black bird species

yola – bird species

Parts of Birds
(Mang Hataindi)

ili – tail feathers

abixinonginoa – plumes, tailfeathers

banggitongina – wing

buxa – feather

rarabulana – the comb and wattle of a chicken or rooster

Insects
(Binadi)

anggonggu – large biting fly species

bengbiang – wasp species

benra – bedbug

bina – a locust or grasshopper

binduxum – common cockroach species

biram – mud wasp

bukbukkaxa – Atlas Moth

bulamyabubugina – Green Triangle Butterfly

bumlanguna – fly species

bunggutop – sweat bee

buxep – brown beetle species

dengmau – white cicada species

digabang – red ant species

dinggaxumbu – green cicada species

diuk – red ant species

dubak – large red ant species that bites and makes nests with leaves in the trees

dubakbauna – lightning bug

dudubaxek – white cicada species

dungungu – honeybee

gamgomsaxangina – red wasp species

gang – beetle species

gep – the sago grubworm

ging – beetle species

gingwaina – katydid species

girak – louse

goxigoxi – Longhorn beetle species

guatu – small white caterpillar species

haingmaxaya – praying mantis

hatung – firefly, lightning bug

hitikhitik – pill bug

hixinghixing – cricket species

imuxu – ant species

kangkong – mosquito

kangkongbauna – horsefly

kiabanana – giant katydid species

kinrongraxik – brown locust species

koxaxep – green beetle species

langu – housefly

langulangu – honeybee

longmatuona – small brown beetle species

mosisip – katydid species

motatap – ant species

munmunrala – ant species

munruli – edible locust species, grasshopper

ngeng – cicada species

nimnim – sandfly

ninixu – bee species

rangranggos – black butterfly species

rerebu – black beetle species

sambengsambeng – earwig

sau – termite species

saxalexalek – leaf catydid

saxang – Stag Beetle

simaxak – sandfly

sixamsixam – water-dwelling cockroach species

soxoxong – cricket species

tamtam – black ant species

taxingasaha – brown ant species

taxumyabubugina – white butterfly species

titimungharingina – black ant species

tungtung – black ant species

tutu – flea

ulaleng – cicada species

uleleng – cicada or locust species

xahengxaheng – scorpion

xaibogibogi – the walking stick insect

xaraxara – ant species

xutengxuteng – cicada species

yanggasung – biting black ant species

yautuang – locust species

Fish
(Songdi)

ababaxim – spiked poisonous saltwater fish

anali – sea mullet

atun – tuna

axui – large fish species

baliangamugixina – saltwater fish species

bangsanggana – small, white and black saltwater fish species

baribari – saltwater fish species

bugada – saltwater fish species

bugadi – saltwater fish species

bungaya – small, poisonous white saltwater fish species

bunui – lionfish

buplona – butterflyfish

danggutu – red emperor

daya – large freshwater fish species

dum – saltwater fish species

duwe – white saltwater fish

duxa – small white saltwater fish species

gembang – pufferfish

gominggoming – white fish species

gusak – small saltwater fish species

hagai – small freshwater fish species

hataxoxu – yellow and brown saltwater fish species

inggimiang – large white saltwater fish

kamatua – bottlenose dolphin

kambiai – common shark species

kare – black saltwater fish species

kea – green saltwater fish

kidakida – bicolor parrotfish

kiu – damselfish

komakoma – shark species

koxuku – diamond-shaped saltwater fish species

ladisongina – damselfish

lala – bluefish, tailorfish

lamraga – white, spiked poisonous saltwater fish

langulangsongina – long white saltwater fish

langutaina – small white saltwater fish species

malisa – barracuda

mam – large brown saltwater fish

mamboya – saltwater fish species

maxabokbok – large saltwater fish

maxu – large freshwater fish species

mexa – tilapia

nagan – small fish species

nagang – black saltwater fish species

nebung – fish species

nibung – small freshwater fish species

parimboki – stingray

ragoma – small freshwater fish species

ram – garfish

rebareba – saltwater fish species

rimang – large freshwater fish species

rimrim – large saltwater fish species

samana – small black saltwater fish species

sasa – small brown saltwater fish species

sau – garfish species

simbau – small saltwater fish

sinang – small yellow and black saltwater fish species

sobagim – small freshwater fish species

sobagimtekkam – small black and brown saltwater fish species

songxanrongina – stonefish

susun – small white saltwater fish species

talai – sardine

talingtaling – angelfish

tangir – the Spanish mackeral or kingfish

tubanga – the trevally fish

uma – small freshwater fish species

unihirabina – flounder

uxutu – Panther Grouper

waluk – small black saltwater fish species

xaidapsongina – saltwater fish species

xamsongina – Ocellaris clownfish

yabubuk – flying fish

Parts of Fish
(Song Hataindi)

bulabula – tail

kalakala – fin

kamataxamina – scales

moxoxolam – gills

ruxu – the bony, sharp part of a fish’s fin

Shellfish
(Gomidi)

baligi – shellfish species

baxupmoyana – shellfish species

biwa – trochus

boribori – shellfish species

gola – a small, dark brown Auger shell

gomi – giant clam

hanggaxus – shellfish species

kamuramura – shellfish species

kiahatambolia – shellfish species

kixu – shellfish species

matamata – shellfish species

maxagagau – shellfish species

ningguninggu – a cowrie shell, a sea snail

saluwa – shellfish species

sambimbi – the Bailer shell sea snail

samboi – shellfish species

sesia – mother of pearl shellfish

suaki – spiny shellfish species

tabaxodi – shellfish species

tambuleki – shellfish species

tingutingu – shellfish species

toxi – conch shell

wawailona – shellfish species

Parts of Plants

aningo – the ripened, seed bearing part of a plant

hagaganoa – leafstalk or stem of any type of palm

hanggaxobina – the husk of bamboo, corn, sugar and other such plants

hunghung – the bast tissue of a coconut palm

imuna – the root of a pandanus trees or vines that hang to the ground, a runner

lona – the leaf of a tree or plant

mara – the seed of a tree

midana – the husk of a coconut shell

muxumuxunoa – a new shoot of growth from a tree, bamboo or plant

oxaxana – root

rima – branch of a tree

ruxuna – a thorn

sasa – a dry coconut leaf

toxang – the joint in a piece of bamboo

tunrungina – log

tuturi – the red flower of a banana plant

uxuna – the top part of a tree or plant shoots

waruk muruna – pumpkin greens

xai sanggana – tree bark

xuyana – the seed of a plant

yangina – the leaf of a tree or plant

Trees
(Xaidi)

abak – tree species

angaxi – Tahitian Chestnut or Pili Nut Tree

axaimai – tree species

axixiu – coastal tree species

bandam – tree species

bangbang – Ironwood Tree

banipu – fragrant tree species

biluxam – tree species

bingambingam – tree species

bup – Pandanus, screw pine

dale – Rosewood Tree

dexung – tree species

dibik – tree species

dimak – tree species

dom – Banyan Tree

dubing – Noni Tree

galung – Coconut Palm

galung midana – the inside of a coconut husk

galung muruna – a new coconut sprout

gatak – rubber tree

gaum – hardwood tree species

gawang – tree species

gaxamu – limbum species

gaxanang – tree species

gebugebu – tree species

gelang – tree species

gembang – Breadfruit Tree

gilunggilung – tree species

gingging – Walnut Tree

gudeli – citrus tree species

gumang – tree species

gusagusak – tree species

gusak – fig-like tree species

guwawa – Guava Tree

guxumu – tree species

hakana – Fishtail Palm

hale – New Guinea Teak

hataxumang – tree species

hita – Ivory Nut Palm Tree, Sago

hom – pandanus species

huyap – Kapok Tree

ibilibilip – Sealing Wax Palm

ihi – Tahitian Chestnut or Aila Tree

kaikai – palm species

kakau – cacao

kautup – Rattan Palm Tree

kuai – nut-bearing tree species

langlang – tree species

mada – nutmeg tree

mahang – tree species

mambunga – Poison Fish Tree

manggalak – tree species

mangok – lipstick tree

maramara – Poinciana Tree

masixisixi – Sealing Wax Palm

matip – tree species

mondeleng – tree species

moxoxubang – tree species

muli – any citrus tree or its fruit

muyup – tree species

nala – tree species

nuang – tree species

op – tree species

oxana – a flower on a tree

oxang – Malay Apple species

paipkona – Star Fruit Tree

pepai – Papaya

rabum – tree species

ragong – tree species

rayong – edible palm species

rimoxong – tree species

riu – tree species

rixang – Ilimo tree

ropok – tree species

rube – Taun

salang – tree species

sama – tree species

samolimoli – tree species

saxep – tree species

simbung – the wild almond tree, Sterculia

tahek – tree species

taik – tree species

talia – tropical almond tree

tautau – tree species

taxum – palm species

tuxu – tree species

ung – Breadfruit Tree

unggak – Malay Apple species

ungunga– Areca Palm (betelnut)

unihi – pandanus species

wam – tree species

wawai – Mango Tree

xai – a general term for any tree or the wood from that tree

xarubi – tree species

xatang – tree species

xoi – Sea Hibiscus

yonggam – Gnemon Tree

Flowers
(Haidangadi)

banggumena – fragrant flower species

banggumengbabuna – wild onion

bararum – flower species

baxagilu – flower species

baxing – flower species

bokbok – hibiscus species

bukbuk – flower species

bunrak – flower species

dina – flower species

ep – yellow flower species

gabak – flower species

gaxabari – flower species

gaxagaxak – red flower species

gaxamboi – flower species

gum – flower species

gusinggusingang – flower species

hagaxep – flower species

indak – flower species

kangkongxaina – flower species

karapota – flower species

kimkim – bougainvillea

likoliko – flower species

lixungang – flower species

lomulomu – croton

manipu – flower species

maxai – flower species

mianggaxop – flower species

muaxaxek – flower species

mulai – orchid species

muxaxurarabalana – flower species

nambaxakia – flower species

oxana – a flower on a tree

raborabo – Alpinia Ginger

rabum nangnang – Frangipani

ringgiringgi – flower species

rumbang – flower species

runangrunang – flower species

sarigilang – flower species

saxusaxu – flower species

sogam – sorghum

tanggaxam – flower species

tubunang – flower species

tukneng – flower species

tuturi – the red flower of a banana plant

xaiyomxaiyom – flower species

xamaxama – morning glory

xapmungsanggana – flower species

Vines
(Waxudi)

axaiba – pepper species

axaxap – vine species

axexu – thorned cane

batu – edible vine species

baxabaxa – vine species

bohom – vine species

bubup – vine species

buxungbuxung – vine species

diwa – vine species

duxalak – vine species

enggeng – vine species

enuam – vine species

gabup – passion fruit

gimung – vine species

golanggola – vine species

hanring – vine species

hayup – vine species

kalaboi – vine species

mohaham – vine species

monrumonru – vine species

nunu – cane

ronsisip – vine species

saksakkixa – vine species

sikokop – vine species

soxup – D’Albertis Creeper

sugigi – vine species

tamguxak – vine species

tatubang – common grass species

unung – vine species

waxangwaxang – vine species

waxu – any type of vine or rope

xangxeng – cane, rattan

xaxik – vine species

yonggamyonggam – vine species

Mushrooms
(Yabukdi)

baxupyabugina – edible mushroom species

boip – edible mushroom species

diknong – edible mushroom species

gilambung – edible mushroom species

kilanggatik – edible mushroom species

lumlum – algae species

manemnem – edible mushroom species

maxatamtam – edible mushroom species

munringring – edible mushroom species

sigixi – edible mushroom species

silaksilak – moss species

suamyabugina – inedible mushroom species

tangaranggina – inedible mushroom species

tinang – edible mushroom species

tinangwaina – inedible mushroom species

titiabugina – edible mushroom species

toxoha – edible mushroom species

toxolona – inedible mushroom species

ukuk – edible mushroom species

uxam – edible mushroom species

xoxua – inedible mushroom species

yabuk – any type of mushroom

yabukyabuk – fungus species

Carry Verbs
(Siasia Axamandi)

bara – to carry by a strap over the shoulder

dalam – to carry over the ear as in a cigarette or pen, to hang up as in tobacco or a snake or a skin

haing – to carry so that the load rests on the back as in a backpack or a child piggyback

hakisi – to carry a child while it sits on the shoulders

hau – to carry, as in a pole on the shoulder

hing – to carry on two shoulders as in a backpack

rai – to carry holding by the hand

sep – to carry a child by nestling it in the arm sitting up

sia – to carry something, to transport it

suxa – to carry on a stick slung over the shoulder as in a napsack

taranga – to carry in the mouth

uyu – to carry something slung over the head on a rope or strap, as in a net bag

xoxi – to carry on the shoulder, usually using the arm as a support

xuru – to carry on the head, as in a pot or wood

yaxua – to carry in folded arms

Break Verbs
(Axamandi Galaiding)

baga – to break in a snapping motion as in snapping a leaf off a branch

bamguti – to strike something so that it breaks

galaina – the act of something breaking by itself, such as a tree branch

lungguti – to divide up tracts of land

moti – to snap in two, as in a rope or a vine

rambaxuti – to break by a snapping motion, bust

saha – apart, used to describe a breaking impact

sambaxuti – to pull to pieces, as in two people pulling a vine until it snaps

taguti – to break as in glass or an eggshell

xunggati – to break by hitting against another object as in beating a piece of wood on the ground until it breaks, or to break a bone

Sounds
(Bibingadi)

dumdum – to squeal, a sound made by an animal such as a rat or a bat, to make a noise by sucking air in through pursed lips, a kissing sound

gamia – to growl, an animal sound indicating it is angry

gudi – to coo (not hoot), a sound an owl makes

guxa – to grunt (pig)

kiki – to cluck (chicken, not rooster)

mumu – to hoot, the sound of an owl hooting

ngikngik – to whimper, as in the sound a distressed dog makes

toang – to bark (dog)

tuang – to bark, only used of dogs

usi – to coo (pigeon)

xai – to chirp, the act of bugs making sounds

xuxu – to howl, the sound dogs make