Yao'an Loxrlavu - English


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fa fa³³v.guard against/fáng/Eilmerxixl yarzi gexrddo, ni fa dae nia. 晚上很可怕,你要小心。It is scary at night, be careful.Alnol hal ddei ca kexl lei, ni fa dae nia. 那条狗会咬人,你要防着。That dog bites people, you need to be careful.Most words that begin with /f/ and are not followed by the vowel /u/, are Chinese Mandarin loanwords.大多数以 /f/ 开始而不以 /u/ 接下去的字,都是来自汉语的借词。Compare 另见fa saexlfa solfa a nia fa³³ a³³ nʲa³³
faexfæ̠⁴⁴🔊v.rise/fā/Aba bei a mel, hoba some ddei gga ajjix ardoxr ji a, arleixr faex lol a saelnei zzorci. 做包子,先在面粉里放一点水,让它发一下才好吃。When making steamed buns, first put a little water in the flour, let it rise a while and it will be delicious.1. This word /faex/ can be used when talking about dough rising to make bread, but the people don't traditionaly make bread that rises into a loaf. They do make home-made liquor and /faex/ is used when talking about the process of fermenting the grain. /faex/ 这字可用于发面做面包,彝族人通常不做发起来的面包。但他们常自己酿酒,/faex/ 这字用来描述谷类发酵的过程。Most words that begin with /f/ and are not followed by the vowel /u/, are Chinese Mandarin loanwords. 大多数以 /f/ 开始而不以 /u/ 接下去的字,都是来自汉语的借词。Compare 另见purfaex fæ̠⁴⁴
faexfæ̠⁴⁴🔊v.have a fever/fā/Aniux hal ddox yarzi faex larhor, yel yarma yar leil bber dae a, no i ssi jixr a. 那个孩子发得很厉害,所以她妈妈背着他看病去了。That child has a high fever so his/her mother put him/her on her back and went to see a doctor.Ngo leil sa faex a, cir ggecir cir lei yarzisael taxl. 我发烧了,全身都很烫。I have a fever, (and my) whole body is extremely hot.1. /yarma/ is the combination of /yar-/ and /ama/. /yarma/ 是 /yar-/ 和 /ama/ 的组合词。Most words that begin with /f/ and are not followed by the vowel /u/, are Chinese Mandarin loanwords.大多数以 /f/ 开始而不以 /u/ 接下去的字,都是来自汉语的借词。faex fæ̠⁴⁴
faex fæ̠⁴⁴v.insist someone eats/yā/Loxrlapor mel cirmu bbeix a mel, almeixr faex lei. 彝族人娶媳妇时会压饭。When the Central Yi people get married, (they) will insist (that their guests) eat (lots of food).Most words that begin with /f/ and are not followed by the vowel /u/, are Chinese Mandarin loanwords.大多数以 /f/ 开始而不以 /u/ 接下去的字,都是来自汉语的借词。faex fæ̠⁴⁴
faex fæ̠⁴⁴v.pay a wage发(工资)fā (gōngzī)Ni arddolcar zzirbae faex? 你什么时候要发钱?When are you going to pay (my) wage?Most words that begin with /f/ and are not followed by the vowel /u/, are Chinese Mandarin loanwords.大多数以 /f/ 开始而不以 /u/ 接下去的字,都是来自汉语的借词。faex fæ̠⁴⁴
farguafa²¹kʷa³³🔊n.judge法官/fǎguān/Fargua hal ddei yarzi seir, yar ca leil i du. 那个法官很好,他看得起人。That judge is good, s/he respects people.Most words that begin with /f/ and are not followed by the vowel /u/, are Chinese Mandarin loanwords. 大多数以 /f/ 开始而不以 /u/ 接下去的字,都是来自汉语的借词。Compare 另见casersuserpaxlsufargua fa²¹kʷa³³
fartixrfa²¹tʰi̠ʔ²¹🔊n.court法庭/fǎtíng/Fartixr mel ca bei cox su halmel leil ser ggie. 法庭是审判做错事情的人的地方。The court is where those people who have done wrong are judged.Most words that begin with /f/ and are not followed by the vowel /u/, are Chinese Mandarin loanwords.大多数以 /f/ 开始而不以 /u/ 接下去的字,都是来自汉语的借词。faxrtixr fa̠ʔ²¹tʰi̠ʔ²¹
fa saexlfa³³ sæ̠⁶⁶🔊v.be able to be careful; know how to take care of yourself会小心/huì xiǎoxīn/Ngo fa saexl a; ni ngo leil guaxr nr ssa! 我会小心了,你不用管我。I know how to take care of myself, you don't have to take care of me! Aniux hal ddox ye seir, yar fa nr saexl seir. 那个孩子还小,她不会小心。That child is still little, s/he still does not know now to take care of himself/herself.Most words that begin with /f/ and are not followed by the vowel /u/, are Chinese Mandarin loanwords.大多数以 /f/ 开始而不以 /u/ 接下去的字,都是来自汉语的借词。Compare 另见fafa soli saexlsaexlxiar saexlfa saexl fa³³ sæ̠⁶⁶
fa sol fa³³ so⁵⁵adj.dangerous危险/wēixiǎn/Adoxl mel yarzi fasol, aniuxssor leil gaxggor lol nr ddo. 火很危险,不能让小孩子玩。Fire is very dangerous, small children should not be allowed to play (with fire).1. Most words that begin with /f/ and are not followed by the vowel /u/, are Chinese Mandarin loanwords. 大多数以 /f/ 开始而不以 /u/ 接下去的字,都是来自汉语的借词。There is no negative form of /fasol/. There are other ways to express that something is safe. For exampleː /Nr zzi mar!/ 'It doesn't matter!'/fasol/ 没有否定式。可以用其它方法表示安全。譬如:/Nr zzi mar/,‘没事嘛’。Compare 另见fafa saexlsolfa sol fa³³ so⁵⁵
faxlfaxrfa̠⁶⁶fa̠ʔ²¹🔊v.break the law犯法/fànfǎ/Ni wordabbor adoxl dexl ssi nr ddo, eine bei a mel, faxlfaxr a. 你不能去山上放火,这样做就犯法了。You are not allowed to start a fire on the mountain, if (you) do, you are breaking the law.1. Most words that begin with /f/ and are not followed by the vowel /u/, are Chinese Mandarin loanwords.大多数以 /f/ 开始而不以 /u/ 接下去的字,都是来自汉语的借词。loan借词Compare 另见zuixlfaxlfaxr fa̠⁶⁶fa̠ʔ²¹
faxljiaxlfa̠⁶⁶tʃʲa̠⁶⁶🔊v.have a holiday放假/fàngjià/Sulzzasu mel faxljiaxl a, yarzi ggese. 放假,学生很高兴。When the students have a holiday, (they) are very happy.Most words that begin with /f/ and are not followed by the vowel /u/, are Chinese Mandarin loanwords.大多数以 /f/ 开始而不以 /u/ 接下去的字,都是来自汉语的借词。faxljiaxl fa̠⁶⁶tʃʲa̠⁶⁶
faxlxiuxrfa⁵⁵ʃʲo̠ʔ²¹🔊v.get out of school for the day放学/fàngxué/Kax gga sulzzasu mel faxlxiuxr ho a lei, ake ca mel leil miar beijjiu nia. 村里的学生,放学了还要帮助家里的人做事情。Even when students in the village have gotten out of school, they still need to help the family with chores.Most words that begin with /f/ and are not followed by the vowel /u/, are Chinese Mandarin loanwords.大多数以 /f/ 开始而不以 /u/ 接下去的字,都是来自汉语的借词。faxlxiuxr fa⁵⁵ʃʲo̠ʔ²¹
faxr fa̠ʔ²¹1v.fine罚款/fákuǎn/Kax gga su ca mel six cirke taexl a mel, yar leil faxr var. 村里的人砍很多柴,他会被罚款。If village people cut a lot of (fire)wood, they will be fined.2punish惩罚/chěngfá/Ngo miar bei a, bei nr hoxr a, yar ngo leil faxr. 我做事没有做对,她惩罚了我。When I did my tasks incorrectly s/he punished me.1. Most words that begin with /f/ and are not followed by the vowel /u/, are Chinese Mandarin loanwords.大多数以 /f/ 开始而不以 /u/ 接下去的字,都是来自汉语的借词。loan借词faxr fa̠ʔ²¹
faxr fa̠ʔ²¹CLF (measure word)batch; bunch; group; litter; planting/pī/Cixlni, me ddux beil hal faxr mel yarzisael ddux miur. 今年,蘑菇开始出的那一批出的很多。This year, that first batch of mushrooms to come up/out (to sprout) was extremely numerous.Zzeir eil faxr yarzi naxrcixl, yarzi miur. 这批动物很好,很多。This group of livestock is very good quality, (and) very abundant.1. This word is used only with animals or plants. It is used in the same sense as the word "generation" for people. Some examples would includeː 'This planting is better than last year's planting.' 'This litter of puppies is more than last litter.' 此字仅用于动物与植物。与用于人的“世代”同意识。例子包括:‘这一批栽种物,比去年的栽种物好。’‘这一窝的产仔比上一窝多。’Most words that begin with /f/ and are not followed by the vowel /u/, are Chinese Mandarin loanwords. 大多数以 /f/ 开始而不以 /u/ 接下去的字,都是来自汉语的借词。faxr fa̠ʔ²¹
faxrceixr fa̠ʔ²¹tsʰe̠ʔ²¹v. (secondary)次动fortune发财/fācái/Yar vaexleixr bei a, bei faxrceixr a. 他做生意,发财了。S/he did business, (and) made a fortune.1. Most words that begin with /f/ and are not followed by the vowel /u/, are Chinese Mandarin loanwords. 大多数以 /f/ 开始而不以 /u/ 接下去的字,都是来自汉语的借词。; Secondary verbs differ from main verbs in that they never occur at the head of the verb phrase--they follow the main verb. If the main verb is not stated, the secondary verb still comes second and the main verb is replaced by /bei/ 'do '. For example, /nge laexl/ (cry pretend) is 'pretend to cry'. But if it is just 'pretend' without stating what is being pretended, then it is /bei laexl/ (do pretend). Secondary verbs differ from auxiliaries in that, while there is a logical and sequential relationship between the main verb and the secondary verb, the secondary verb does not make distinctions in the mood, timing or direction of the main verb. 次要动词与主要动词之分别是,次要动词从来不在动词子句之首,它们跟在主要动词之后。假如主要动词没有指明或出现,就用 /bei/ ‘做’来代表主要动词。譬如, /nge laexl/ (哭 装) 是 ‘装哭’。 假如只说 ‘装’而没有说装什么,就要说 /bei laexl/ (装做)。次要动词与助动词的不同是:次要动词与主要动词之间有逻辑上和顺序上的关系,助动词并不表明主要动词的时间, 方向,或情绪、语气。“A Dictionary of Linguistics & Phonetics” edited by David Crystal (Fifth Edition) defines serial verb constructions as “...a type of construction for a sequence of verbs or verb phrases within a clause (or sequence of clauses) in which the syntactic relationship between the items is left unmarked. The verbs share a semantic argument, but there is no conjunction or inflection to mark co-ordination or subordination.”由 David Crystal 主编的“A Dictionary of Linguistics & Phonetics” “语言学和语音学字典”对“动词序列”下的定义是 … 在一个从句(或一系列的从句)中,一系列的动词或动词短语的结构里面,项目之间的语法没有标记。 这些动词都带着或分担着共同语义的参数,但其间没有连接词或词形变化来指出同等或附属地位。faxrceixr fa³³tsʰe³³
fazi fa³³tzɿ³³n.solution办法/bànfǎ/Yar ssor hal ddei mel yarzi zoxr, mul fazi lei nr zza. 他的那个儿子很调皮,教的办法也没有。His/her son is very naughty, there is no solution for teaching (him/her).Most words that begin with /f/ and are not followed by the vowel /u/, are Chinese Mandarin loanwords.大多数以 /f/ 开始而不以 /u/ 接下去的字,都是来自汉语的借词。Compare 另见baxlfaxrfazi fa³³tzɿ³³
feife³³🔊n.minute; penny; point/fēn/Ni korsil a, hormo fei kor wo a? 你考试,考得了几分?When you tested, how many points did you score?Most words that begin with /f/ and are not followed by the vowel /u/, are Chinese Mandarin loanwords.大多数以 /f/ 开始而不以 /u/ 接下去的字,都是来自汉语的借词。fe fə³³
feico fe³³tsʰo³³n.shallot; spring onion小葱/xiǎo cōng/Zaxlsuir bei a, feico sser a saelnei xiu. 做蘸水,用小葱才香。When making a dip, the spring onion has to be put in in.order for it to taste and smell good.Compare 另见daxlcowajiuxrcofeicu fe³³tsʰɥ³³
feigol fe³³ko⁵⁵n.winnowing machine风车/fēngchē/Feigol ddei sser a mel, loxlmoxr nei paer leil bbe kae lol. 用风车是让糠和粮食分开。When using the winnowing machine, it causes the grain and the chaff to be separated.Most words that begin with /f/ and are not followed by the vowel /u/, are Chinese Mandarin loanwords.大多数以 /f/ 开始而不以 /u/ 接下去的字,都是来自汉语的借词。
foguixl fo³³gʷe̠⁶⁶
felfə⁵⁵🔊n.division; part; portion/fèn/Zzirbae eil ddei so fel bbe nia. 这个钱要分三份。This money should be divided into three parts.Most words that begin with /f/ and are not followed by the vowel /u/, are Chinese Mandarin loanwords.大多数以 /f/ 开始而不以 /u/ 接下去的字,都是来自汉语的借词。fel fə⁵⁵
fo fo³³v.cover/fēng/Ca mel worga leil legelbbe giexl a, cirdaedae a vaervaerpor mel nr giexl lol a mel, legelbbe giexl ggie halmaex fo gex du lei. 人们在山上挖石头,有些时侯,领导不让挖,会把那个挖石头的地方封起来。When people dig out rocks from the mountain, sometimes if the officials will not let them dig (anymore), that rock-digging place is covered over.Most words that begin with /f/ and are not followed by the vowel /u/, are Chinese Mandarin loanwords.大多数以 /f/ 开始而不以 /u/ 接下去的字,都是来自汉语的借词。fo fo³³
fo fo³³CLF(envelope; letter)封(信)/fēng (xìn)/Ngama ngo leil xil ar fo vaexr gger a. 我妈妈给我写了一封信。My mother wrote me a letter.1. /ngama/ is the combination of /nga-/ and /ama/. /ngama/ 是 /nga-/ 和 /ama/ 的组合词。Most words that begin with /f/ and are not followed by the vowel /u/, are Chinese Mandarin loanwords.大多数以 /f/ 开始而不以 /u/ 接下去的字,都是来自汉语的借词。fo fo³³
fufɤ³³🔊v.lay (an egg)/xià/Nia ddei yix ddei cir ni yixfu hormo taex fu? 你们的鸡一天下几个蛋?How many eggs does your chicken lay per day?Compare 另见bbaerfuyixfufu fɤ³³
fufɤ³³🔊v.give in marriage/jià/Eilni, zzi eil ddei gga cirmu fu su ca so hhexr zza, yel ca yarzi miur. 今天,这个城里有三家人嫁女儿,所以人很多。Today, in this city there are three families who are giving their daughters in marriage, so there are lots of people.This is used when a woman is given to a man in marriage. If a man asks a woman to marry him, the word is /bbeix/./fu/ ‘嫁’用于一个女人被许配给一个男人。男人娶妻子用 /bbeix/。Compare 另见bbeixfujiulfuworfuzimojixrhuifu fɤ³³
fujiulfɤ³³tʃʲo⁵⁵🔊n.matchmaker媒人/méirén/Loxrlapor mel fujiul qie a, cirmu meixl gger ssi lol. 彝族请媒人去说媳妇。The Central Yi people invite a matchmaker to arrange the engagement with the one who will be the daughter-in-law.This is a man matchmaker who goes ahead of the groom's family when they are going to pick up the bride for the wedding at her home. He is the male version of the /fuzimo/.这是一个男的媒人。婚娶当天,他走在新郎家人的前面去迎娶新娘。Compare 另见fufuzimofujiul fɤ³³tʃʲo⁵⁵

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