Proto Sama-Bajaw - English


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p


PSB*pa-1fr. var.pə-1verbalising prefix on stativespa- /pə-verbalising prefix on stativesSBpahaap (pa-haap)do wellCSpagəgga (pa-gəgga)make firm; firmlyIB
PSB*pa-2fr. var.pə-2causative affix on verbal or stative rootspa- /pəcausative affix on verbal or stative rootsSBpahaapun (pa-halap-un)make betterCSpinumun (pə-inum-un)give to drinkNBpainumuŋgive to drinkIBpagəgga (pa-gəgga)make firm; firmlyIBmakadiaʔ (N-pa- ka- diaʔ)cause to go downIB.9dioʔdown; belowpa-causative affix on verbal or stative rootsTsg
PSB*pa-3fr. var.pə-3verb marker, Actor focus, intransitivepa- /pəverb marker, Actor focus, intransitiveSBpaləŋŋanwalksCSləŋŋanwalk
PSB*pa-4prefix indicating movement towardspa-prefix indicating movement towardsNSSSpadeomto the insideNSCSSSpambantowardsWS.1palumaʔto the houseWS.1paəmman dato themJMpaŋgawhere to?IBpato; towardsJMpatowardsTsg
PSB*pa-5fr. var.p- + LOCATIVEpə-4verbs of motionpiʔitucome hereABCSpiigo thereYKpiʔiŋgago where?NSCSpitucome hereJMNBpueʔgo yonderNBpetucome hereIB
PSL*paadpreferablypaad-paadpreferablyNSCSpadpadpreferablyWSSSpaadpaadpreferablyTsg
PSL*padastop an actionpadacause a vehicle to stop movingYKCSpadabreak down, of engineCSpamadaforbidCSpəddaextinguish
PSB*padahalhoweverpadahalwhereas; althoughYKCSIBpadahalneverthelessTsgpadahalwhereas; althoughMly
PSB*padaŋgrasspadaŋgrass (generic)ZBYKNSWSCSSSJMNBpadah ~padagrass (generic)IBpadeaŋgrass (generic)IB.9padaŋgrassTsgpadaŋfield; plainMly
PSB*padatabundant; intensepadatstrongWSCSpadatvast amount; lotsJMparaʔabundantIB.9padatintense, of sun's heatTsg
PSB*padaʧayabelievepadaʧayabelieveYKWSpadassayabelieveCSpadaʧaya ~piʧayabelieveJMpəsoyobelieveNBpadatsaya ~padatsaya ~padassabelieveTsgpercayabelieveMlysampratyayaperfect trust; faithSkr
PSL*paddamendure without complaintpaddamendureYKpaddamkeep feelings to oneselfCS
PSL*padpadmeanwhile; so long aspaad-paadwhile; as long asYKpadpadwhile; as long asSSJM
PSL*paduplanpadu-paduplanZBWSCSJMpadustoryZB.3paduplan somethingYK
PSL*paʤakcontract for the use of somethingpaʤakcontract forNSWSCSJMpaʤakagree on total bride-priceWSpaʤaksell wholesaleSSpaʤakpawnshop; monopolize a commodityTsg
PSL*pag-gerund formativepag-gerund formativeYKNSWSCSSSJMpagbatiʔon wakingCSbatiʔwaken
PSL*pagaddatshow courtesy topagaddattreat with customary courtesyYKNSCSSSaddatcustomary behavior
PSL(*)pagalfencepagalfenceCSpaʔagalanfenced areaSS
PSB*pagarfencepagalpen for animalsYKpagalcageNSCSSSpagacageJMpagarcageNBIBpagalfenceTsgpagarfence; hedgeMly
PSL*pagaydoing what?magaydoing what?WSCSpageydoing what?SSmagoydoing what?JMaiwhat?
PSL(*)pagbaseʔanuse something in the waterbasaʔananuse for bathing or swimmingNSbaseʔananwade fully clothed.CS
PSL*pagɤndurablepagendurableYKpagondurableNSCSSSJMpagɤndurableWSpagundurableTsg
PSB*pagkafr. var.pagkaʔpagkəsince; it being the case thatpagkasince (reason); given the circumstancesABWSSSpeggeʔsince (reason); given the circumstancesYKpaggaʔsince (reason); given the circumstancesNSpagga ~pagkasince (reason); given the circumstancesCSpagkaʔsince (reason); given the circumstancesCS.3
PSB*pagkahifr. var.pagkasione's peer; fellowigkasipeer; fellow humanABpagkasipeer; fellow humanYKpagkahipeer; fellow humanNSWSCSSSJMpagkahione's peer; fellowTsg
PSL*pagləllabehave in an exaggeratedly masculine waymagləlla (N-+ pagləlla)behave in an exaggeratedly masculine wayCSJMkapagləllamasculinityCSkapaglallamasculinityJMpagləllahanvaliantJMləllamale; man