Appendices 09 – 13
10/16/02—9/10/03
APPENDICES 09 - 13.05
Appendix 9: Trees ( koyu )
koyu dlag
Thick forest; wood from the forest.
koyu numa
Second-growth forest.
Appendix 9.1: Palm trees
basag
A type of palm tree which is used for making a drink called tifas .
blala
A kind of palm similar to coconut palm.
blibóy
Betel nut palm, an Asiatic pinnate-leaved palm bearing the betel nut.
blól1
Fan palm.
blól2
Buri palm. Similar to wild betel nut palm.
blulan
A wild betel nut palm.
fandan
A palm tree, the leaves of which are used for weaving mats.
knutung
A type of palm tree similar to basag with strong stalk and hollow center. Its leaves have thorns along the edges. The trunk is used for orchids.
kuhan
Wild betel nut palm.
lefò
Coconut palm and its fruit.
lébé
Nipa, a variety of palm that has large leaves and is used for thatching.
luos nongu
A palm with scaly fruit.
silól
Buri palm.
twok
Nipa palm.
Appendix 9.2: Trees for lumber and other uses
baay
A large, red, hardwood tree that is used for lumber.
bagras
Eucalyptus tree.
bagu
A hardwood tree, the bark of which is used for making rope and armor.
bkelen
A hardwood tree used for furniture.
blétê
Strangler fig, a parasite tree (vine) that grows to be very large and entwines around and kills the host tree.
blolu1
A tree with very hard fruit. The fruit is used to iron newly woven abaca cloth and to harden a newly molded clay pot.
blubu
A large hardwood tree used for house posts.
blunggay
Horse-radish tree.
bnowò
A tree that is 15 m. or more in height, bearing inedible fruit.
bóyóng
A large tree with a nice grain, used for making caskets, lumber.
bunów1
A huge hardwood tree with edible fruit.
byolung
Smooth narra, the Philippine national tree.
byou1
A tree, the nut-like fruit of which produces oil used for hair oil and for light.
damay
A tree, the sap of which is very sticky when it is scraped.
dlong
A large, softwood tree with beautiful grain, good for house building.
doloy
A kind of hardwood tree with small, tart, edible fruit.
donol
A tree with small leaves that are white underneath.
dóf
A thorn tree, usually used for caskets.
gasi
A kind of tree with a poisonous fruit used to poison fish.
halang wak
A variety of softwood tree and its inedible fruit.
hlingon
A kind of medium hardwood tree, tall, dark.
kafuk
Silk cotton tree.
kakaw
Cocoa plant and fruit.
kefi
Coffee.
kekem
A kind of tree, traditionally a part of Tboli legends.
kekél
A kind of tree, in times past used for soap.
klotò
A large tree that is used for burial caskets. {When this tree begins to bud/leaf, people know the hot, dry months are near.}
klubi1
A kind of tree.
klutà
Castor bean tree.
kmungu
Fragrant screwpine.
knelem
A large softwood tree.
knidang
A type of tree with hairy leaves which are used to line the bottom of the rice storage bin.
knowol
A kind of tree.
langil
A hardwood tree used for house posts.
ledek1
A kind of tree with a small trunk, the sap of which is very slippery and slimy.
ledel2
A kind of tree.
leflak
A large forest tree, used for walling (clapboards).
legeng
A tree with a marble-size hard seed.
lemol
A kind of soft, small tree.
lenobung
A tree that has very large hairy leaves which are often used to wrap cooked rice.
lewayan
, a tree that has very fragrant blossoms.
lééng
A kind of wood used for making bird blinds.
linol2
A certain tree used for posts.
loku
A tree with inedible, flat, hard, smooth fruit. The fruit is used to harden a clay pot before using it. It is also rubbed on Tboli cloth to make it soft.
lonum bolos
A kind of tree, the bark of which can be made into a chew in place of betel nut.
long2
Oak tree.
lókó
A tree from which red dye is made.
lub
A tree with fruit growing along the branches which bats like to eat.
luhéb
A tree with bark that is mixed with lókó (another tree) and lime to make a red dye used for dyeing abaca.
lumét
A tree with small berries which bats like to eat.
lunay1
Oil tree, pili nut.
mdulà
A small softwood tree.
megilón
A medium-size tree, the bark of which is used for chewing.
megungu
Fig tree.
meguu
A wild pine tree.
metungô
A tree with leaves that close up at night. Its red bark is used for chewing.
méngé
A tree that has large leaves when still young.
móków
A hardwood tree, smaller than bekelen .
myangu
A large tree from which guitars are made.
nabolos
Wild betel nut tree.
nabul
A large, red hardwood tree with fruit that bats like to eat.
natuk
A certain kind of tree producing first class wood.
nuful
A kind of tree.
nuling
A tree used for making charcoal.
olit1
A kind of tree.
ongu2
A kind of tree, the sap of which is used for light, for medicine and as glue in knife handles.
saub2
A kind of tree.
sfali
A kind of tree, the trunk of which is used for houseposts and firewood. Leaf is rough, hairy.
sfang
A kind of tree.
slólób
A kind of tree with fruit that birds eat.
takul
A tree with very sticky sap used for catching birds.
tekolu
A kind of tree.
tudì
A short-lived, softwood tree.
ules1
A ki nd of hardwood tree which is used for makin g pestles.
Appendix 9.3: Fruit trees
atis
Sugar apple, sweetsop tree and its fruit.
badak
Jackfruit tree and its fruit.
bekadu
Avocado tree and its fruit, also known as alligator pear.
bekow
A variety of fruit tree that has sour, red fruit about the size of small tomatoes.
blangas
Wild rambutan.
blungkut
Pomelo tree and its fruit.
bong1
Jambolan plum.
byabas
Guava tree and its fruit.
durian
Durian tree and its fruit.
fut
A wild tree with edible fruit.
gulù
Lime, a small tree of the citrus family.
ibà
A small fruit tree with a tart citrus-like fruit that is five-angled, fleshy and juicy.
kadi2
A tree and its fruit.
kahél
Valencia orange tree and its fruit.
kasuy
Cashew tree, cultivated for its fruit, the cashew nut.
kbuléng
Chinese orange, wild and very sour.
klambug
A kind of tree with large edible fruit.
kmosi
Breadfruit tree and its fruit.
kmunding
A Philippine cultivated native lime.
lembenu
Soursop tree and its fruit.
lensunis
A tree and its fruit which grows in clusters.
luhu
A wild fruit tree with edible fruit that looks like lensunis .
madang
Marang tree and its large fruit, green outside with white flesh pods inside.
manggà
Mango tree and its fruit.
ngihan
A tree and its fruit which is sour.
sambag
Tamarind tree and its fruit.
santól
A tree and its orange-shaped fruit, very sour with large seeds.
tekdis
A tree and its fruit, a cultivated, sour, red fruit with seeds that must be removed before eating.
tfayà
Papaya tree and its fruit.
tisà
A tree with yellow, edible fruit.
twól
Makopa tree with sweet, entirely edible, red-skinned fruit.
Appendix 10: Birds
banug
Monkey-eating eagle, largest eagle found in the Philippines.
benswit
Purple throated sunbird.
bentitut
Ring-necked plover.
beswit1
Chestnut-headed bee-eater.
bewéng
Wattled bulbul.
bkókô1
White-throated kingfisher.
blila
Very beautiful, multicolored nocturnal bird.
blisong
Little egret.
blosong
Red-breasted pitta bird, usually stands on just one foot, has red on its neck and chest.
bnótól
Emerald dove.
btig
Flowerpecker, a bird about the size of one’s thumb.
btoti
Gray wagtail.
btutin1
Pink-bellied imperial pigeon.
byaan
Shiny drongo or balicassio.
byaku
Striated warbler.
byaku bikó
Whitehead or chestnut-faced tree babbler.
byaku lahak
Philippine bulbul.
dédét2
Alpine swift.
éngén
Brown shrike.
fu1
Coppersmith or crimson-breasted barbet.
gad luduk
Philippine falconet.
gees
Brown tit-babbler; any birds of the babbler family.
hefét
Red jungle fowl, wild chicken.
hék
Rufous hornbill.
hidó
Ashy tailor-bird.
hluy1
Blue-tailed bee-eater.
hok
Slate-breasted rail.
hyongi
Himalayan swiftlet; any birds of the swift family.
kamfung
Oriental darter.
kang1
Brown fish owl.
kang2
Horned owl.
kang3
Short-eared owl.
kangù
Blue-napped parrot.
kebsà
Cinnamon bittern.
kedangag
Philippine cockatoo.
kedwalê
Lesser tree swift.
kefodò
Pacific swallow.
kesawi
Black cuckoo shrike.
kesidow
Whiskered tern or pygmy swiftlet.
ketéhé
Philippine hanging parakeet or colasisi.
ketibeng
White-breasted swamphen.
ketisek
A very small bird.
ké
Tarictic hornbill.
kfati
Dove.
klamfung
Greater egret; any of the egret species.
klaw
White-bellied woodpecker.
kleng2
Pink-necked green pigeon.
klélét
Woodpecker, generic.
klélét hulô
Crimson-backed woodpecker.
klélét ohu
Pygmy woodpecker.
klét1
Blue-naped parrot.
klohing
Mindanao lorikeet.
klol1
Philippine boobook owl.
kloung
Cattle egret.
klungkung
Philippine grass owl that catches chickens.
kluyaw1
Black-naped oriole.
kluyok
Richard’s pipit.
ko1
Hornbill.
kofi
Chicken hawk.
kol1
Owl, generic.
ksawi
Drongo.
ksidow
Pygmy swiftlet.
kwél
Snowy egret; little egret.
kwów
Slender-billed cuckoo dove.
lemuk
Zebra dove; wild doves, pigeons that fly low.
méw2
Horned grass owl; screech owl.
muhen
White-eared brown fruit dove; the omen bird; the Philippine turtledove.
muyà
Cockatoo, a white parrot.
obun
Nutmeg imperial pigeon.
ool1
Yellow-vented bulbul.
saub1
Velvet-fronted nuthatch.
segulu
Bleeding heart pigeon.
séf2
Sunbird.
sgulu
Wandering whistling duck
sit
Chestnut mannikin; commonly known as the maya bird.
sit bokong
Dusky mannikin, rice eating.
sit bukay
Philippine trojan.
sit hulô
Glossy starling.
skukuk
Scale-feathered cuckoo.
skukuk dlag
Philippine coucal.
skukuk kolon
Lesser coucal.
skukuk law
Philippine koel.
skukuk tolun
Black-faced coucal.
swit2
Philippine flowerpecker.
syul1
Frog mouth bird, doesn’t sing but just sits and waits for little flies to come along to it.
tahaw
Long-tailed nightjar, flies only at night, not seen during the day.
tasig
Flowerpecker.
tegtel
Black and white fantail; Malaysian fantail.
tegula
White-breasted swamphen.
tegula lanaw
White-browed rail.
temblala
Philippine trogon.
temblasak
Pied triller.
tentek
Pied chat.
tengkaling kolon
Megapode.
téngkê
Slender-billed cuckoo dove.
tisil
Starling.
tlosol
Giant heron.
tonggéw
Plain swamphen.
tudkling
Coleta.
tukmu
Little stint.
tukol
Grey-backed tailor-bird.
tukol mulól
Yellow-vented bulbul.
wak
Large-billed crow.
wés1
Gray-breasted brush cuckoo; plaintive cuckoo.
wos2
Blue monarch.
Appendix 11: Parts of a traditional house ( gunù )
aut
Notched pole ladder (used to go up into a house).
bak dól
Doorway, entrance (lit. opening by the plank).
bak sut
Entryway, the distance visible from the house when a visitor is approaching.
bala1
Joist, the beams forming the framework to which roundwood poles are nailed which then support the board or bamboo flooring.
beng1
Wall.
bengel
Main f loor joist; partition, division, boundary, barrier, border.
blabà
Raised platform around the main floor of a traditional house where people sit or sleep. The outside wall of this area can be opened outward for more light.
bnalay
Loft; sleeping platform near the roof.
bulél
Ridgepole, the highest point in a house.
bulu
Main floor beams that form the framework for a house to which the posts are attached.
deklian
Place at one side of the firetable where garbage or root crops are temporarily put, opposite the entrance to the house.
deles1
The center pole of a house which is a live tree already there, the house being built around it.
deslimol
Baseboard, usually a flat board around the floor of a house.
deslingun
Part of a house opposite where the stair is anchored on the ground.
desyung
Parlor (sleeping area) of a house where guests are usually seated, farthest point from the firetable.
detlian
Garbage area near the firetable.
dfél
A room, any partitioned area inside a house.
dól
A large plank just inside the door at the top of the stairs where the mortar is placed when pounding rice.
gunù
House, home; household.
hakê
A portion of a floor that is higher than the main floor in a Tboli house.
hala
Shelf; a platform built above the fire table used for drying firewood, wild pig or corn used for seed. Often the kettles are hung underneath it over the fire.
hatal
Framework of a house; platform where a sacrifice is made.
hehek
Post, as upright timber or metal firmly fixed used to prop, support.
hlantas
A small shelf attached to a wall.
hlekel1
Cross beam.
ketef
Roof.
klalag
Slats; thin, flat, narrow strips of wood or bamboo used to make the lattice-like framework that the cogon grass is tied to for making a roof.
kohù
Firetable, stove; ashes.
kótóng
The three stones on a firetable used for setting the cooking pots on over the fire.
ksów1
The roof-frame to which the roof slats are attached.
lemisa
Table.
sdangan kuleng
The forked stick or bamboo used to hang pots over a fire.
seel
Floor.
sfóyón
Purlin, the horizontal bamboo or wood that supports the rafters of a traditional house to which the brace of the roof is attached.
slengeb
Frame around a firetable.
slikan
Ladder-like steps; stairs.
slimol
A flat, wooden ledge above and around the floor in a house.
slunsug
Gutter on the roof of a house.
suguk
Brace, support.
sulung
The peak of a house at both ends.
sungut bulél
Ridgepole of a house.
tbó beng
A part or portion of a wall in a Tboli house that is hinged in such a way as to open outward for a window.
teblungun
Center, main post in a house.
tikeb
Door; gate.
tlian
The part of the house where water is kept, dishes are washed, garbage temporarily kept, usually near the firetable.
tud1
A prop for a window shutter; a brace for a building, tree or plant that is leaning over.
tud blungón
Center, main post in a house.
Appendix 12: Body parts (of person)
abal
Shoulder.
akuk
Anus.
amil
Scrotum and testicles.
bagà
Lungs.
balay ngà
Uterus.
balit ngihi
Gums.
bangag kulu
(Of people or animals) skull bone of skeletons.
beeng
Molar teeth.
beklong
Adam’s apple; esophagus.
blegel
Collarbone.
blengen
Hipbone.
blutut
Abdomen.
bnget
Whiskers, beard, thin mustache.
bong2
Stomach.
botò
Penis.
ból1
Nasal cartilage.
bótóng ilung
Bridge of the nose.
bukol
Knee.
bukù
Knuckle.
bukuk
Crazy bone.
bul
Body hair.
bules
Bladder.
bungu3
Kidney.
but blutut
Seat of emotions, heart (lit. base of the stomach).
byou2
Muscle at the elbow.
byou fak
Muscle above the eyes.
byou tbakal
Muscle between the thumb and forefinger.
desnolu
(Of people) genitalia area.
dilak
Tongue.
dilós
Spleen.
haha
Thigh.
hedun
Gallbladder.
henmù
Back of the hand, wrist.
hifi
Cheek.
hlal
Roof of the mouth.
hnobò
Abdominal cavity, colon area.
hosò1
Heart.
hosò ti
Calf of a person’s leg.
hólól
Palm of hand; sole of foot.
huhed
Umbilicus, navel.
hulok
Eyebrow.
hunuk
Buttocks.
ikong bnaus
Tail-like extended hairline along the canal on the back of the neck.
ikong mata
Outer corner of the eye.
ilung
Nose.
imak
Armpit.
iwóng
Left hand.
kakim
Jaw, chin.
katay
Liver.
kemet1 , kyemet
Toe.
kéténg bukol
Knee cap.
kéténg tutù
Area around breast nipple.
kfofò
Bladder.
kfu
Chest.
kì
Vagina, female genitalia.
kilang
Space between thighs.
kitut
Tailbone; coccyx, the end of the vertebral column of a man or tailless animal.
klabi
Flank.
klemfing
Beard, fuzz on the cheek.
klés
To have a receding hairline.
klingu1
Ear.
klión
Birthmark.
klokub mata
Eyelid.
klubéng
Eyelashes.
klunón
Placenta.
knila
Crotch, inner base of the thigh.
knugu
Fingernail.
kudél lohò
Forefinger.
kulu1
Head.
kwanan
Right hand.
kwang
Back.
laan kò
Area under the chin leading to the throat.
laan ktaan
Area at the back of the knee.
langi
Side-burns.
lefù
(Of bones) joint.
legnò sungoy
Hollow in throat.
leman
Scrotum.
lembak
Mouth.
lemek1
Soft spot on the head of a newborn.
lengù
(Of fingers) knuckles; (of bones) joints.
lihol1
Throat, neck.
lisen
Achilles tendon.
lohok1
Rib.
lówó
Body, the trunk or torso of a person or animal.
lóyóf1
Soul, the immaterial part of everything that breathes, sleeps and dreams; the part that goes on to another world after death.
lulul
Shin.
mata
Eye.
mata kudà
Ankle joint/bone.
nihi
Tooth, teeth.
numel
Gums, the tissue surrounding teeth.
nungut
Four upper front teeth.
ngà bkong
Upper arm muscle.
ówók
Waist.
skê
Buttocks.
sélék
Corners of the mouth.
sigel
Arm.
sigu
Elbow.
sisim
Membrane inside of mouth.
slóng1
Space between teeth, fingers and toes.
snung kakim
Tendons connecting the jaw to the skull.
sobak
Mouth.
sokil
Ankle.
sol tuyek
Back of the head just above the nape of the neck.
studun
Nape of the neck.
subak
Mouth.
sukib
Sternum.
sul
Glans penis.
sumóng
Lip; mouth.
sungoy
Hollow at one’s throat in the front of the neck.
ta kulu1
Top of head.
ta uyó
Forehead.
tbakal
Thumb; big toe.
tdok1
Finger.
tdok datù
Middle finger.
tdok klifen
Forefinger.
teked
Heel.
tenii
Little finger.
tesudun
Nape of the neck or base of the skull.
tfod sukib
Sternum.
ti
Foot, leg.
tiol
Bone.
tiol kwang
Backbone.
tnahi
Intestines.
tnii
Little finger.
too
Clitoris.
tungul
Breast nipple.
tutù
Breast.
ulat
Vein.
ulét, ulét hólól1
Lines in the palm of one’s hands.
unged
Flesh, muscle.
utek
Brain matter; bone marrow.
uyó1
Face; forehead.
wek
Hair.
Appendix 13: Insects and small creatures
Appendix 13.1: Flying insects
adang1
Grasshopper, smallest.
blawang
Rain barrel mosquito.
blungun
Blow flies.
hmatay solok
An insect.
kaba
Large cockroach.
kefti
Firefly or lightning bug.
kfadang
Grasshopper, short-horned; field cricket.
klool
Field cricket or mole cricket.
klotut
Katydid or long-horned grasshopper.
klowong
Green darner dragonfly.
kuléng
Cicada.
lenged
Fly, insect, any of many varieties.
lenged lemnaw
Horseflies.
lifet
Tiny fruit fly; gnat.
móg
Small (species) cockroach.
nawa buteng
A nocturnal insect, its singing fades towards dawn (possibly katydid).
ngel2
A very tiny fly-like insect that is very hard to catch.
ohu leték
Praying mantis, walking stick.
séf1
A kind of moth.
temblisuk
Katydid.
tlangas
Oriental migratory locusts.
tmaba kulón
A type of cicada.
tmongu
Stink bug.
wés2
A kind of moth.
Appendix 13.2: Worms and other crawling creatures
betel
A grub-like worm about 2 in. long with white body and red head.
bokung
Maggots.
byebed
Millipede.
byukung
Land snails, many varieties.
dmulu
(Of butterflies) great spangled fritillary larva; black caterpillar with very poisonous fur.
hlék2
Sleg caterpillar.
kdingan
May beetle or June bug larva (white grubs that live in the ground for two or three years before emerging as b ugs).
kefding
Gypsy moth larva.
ketolu
A kind of worm found on taro plant leaves.
kol kolon
A black and white hairy worm/caterpillar.
kuled
Worm, generic.
kuled dmangaw
Cankerworm.
kuled gowil
A kind of worm believed to be about the size of a small dog that runs after people.
kutu1
Head lice; flea.
kutu kukù
Cat flea.
kutu ohu
Tick; dog flea.
kwai1
Spider.
kwoli
Newly-hatched head lice.
kyufuy
A worm in the ground that just goes around in circles, throwing dirt up.
lanaf1
Chicken lice.
lendu
Bedbug.
metek
Leech.
nam1
A kind of millipede.
safat
Maggot.
segyaf
A tiny white worm whose body upon contact causes itching and blistering similar to a burn.
sentlo
A slug, (short worm with many legs, leaving a bright, shiny mucous trail when crawling at night).
sisif1
Chicken lice.
slit1
Tiny red lice usually infesting chickens.
smufit1
Scorpion; any insect having pincers.
smufit2
Earwig.
sumil
A worm that is very poisonous.
syufón
Centipede.
syufón basag
Scorpion.
tugom
Body louse, crab louse, pubic louse.
wong
Spider.
yakù
Round worm; angle worm.
Appendix 13.3: Aquatic creatures
blitak
Water leech or tick.
kobol él
Giant water bug.
kutu él
Aquatic bug.
kutu ogong
Edible insect found in water (cricket size).
sò
Snail, generic.
sò telem
Small pointed snail 1-2 in. long.
sò tilì
A kind of snail.
sò woy
A kind of edible snail found in the river.
tmusuk
A small type of eel, earthworm-like, edible.
Appendix 13.4: Ants
betê
Large black ants that bite.
betê la
A variety of fierce black ants.
betê sowu
A variety of brownish red ants.
gulom
Ants, generic.
gulom hulô
Red ants.
gulom tahà ti
Long-legged ants.
konok
Black tree ants.
lotu
Black ants.
mutù kulu1
Carpenter, fire and cornfield ants.
seleng
Black tree ants the bite and urine of which are very painful when encountered.
syami
Large black ant with a very painful bite.
teflok2
A kind of black ant.
tgasaw
A reddish brown long-legged ant.
Appendix 13.5: Beetles and bugs
blóngón
Tarnished plant bug; scarab beetle.
blungón
Beetle family that live in the open toilet.
hemto wek
Long-horned woodborer.
kamang1
Atlas beetle.
kamang lefò
Coconut beetle.
kasuk
Weevil.
kayit1
Sugarcane beetle.
kayit2
Stag beetle or pinching bug.
ketem
Click beetle.
kmahung
Snout beetle (weevil).
kotuk1
Click beetle.
Tboli Dictionary © 2018 SIL International®
