Pasay prop. name of place in the Manila area. Ad Pasay ke ya hituy kad-an nan punda-ulan di duplanu. In Pasay is where the airport is. (sem. domains: 9.7.2 - Name of a place.)
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paN- -an₂ TACR. this circumfix encodes non-past tense and cross-references a topicalized time or place; it co-occurs with Class 4 transitive verbs and some members of Class 1 and Class 2 intransitive movement verbs. An daana udot di pangal-am hi em itugatugal? Where do you get the money to be continuously gambling? Pinhod mu ke bon mun-ang-ang hi sini ya dakol di damanah pangayam. If you want to see a movie, there are many places you can go. Takon di hay dangli na ya maid ta daana mo peman di e pangal-an nan inayana? Because they had nothing, he was not even given the customary death ritual for how could his poor wife afford it? Kinali kediyen eda panggopan ke dida ya inila da moy aton da ya hay eda kipustuwan. That’s why on the day of the raid, they knew what to do and where to post themselves. Em hanhanan ten kakon-anay pangayan da ad Manila. Go ask him when they will go to Manila. Sim: naN- -an. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.1 - Verb affixes.)
ot ahi conj. connects a sequence of events with the second contingent on the first. Hituwey kinalin Juan ke dida ot ahi da umed Manila. This is what John told them before they went to Manila. Coordinating conjunctions. (sem. domains: 8.4.5 - Relative time.)
Manila prop. name of the largest city in the Philippines. Pinhod mun inilaon di Manila. Do you want to know about Manila? Em hanhanan ten kakon-anay pangayan da ad Manila. Go ask him when they will go to Manila.
Malacanang prop. the name of the presidential palace in Manila. Immali ida ya nada bon dakol an ibbada an nalpu da kanuh Malacanang. They came with their many companions, who it is said, came from Malacanang.
Makati prop. an affluent area of Manila.
makaC1- mod The first consonant of the root is geminated.
Mahaghaggiling an mange. (id. of haggiling) he is walking very fast. (lit. he is rolling like a wheel in going) Mahaghaggiling an mange te immalih ina na an nalpud Manila. He is walking very fast to meet his mother who arrived from Manila. (sem. domains: 7.2.1.2 - Move quickly.)
limu 1go down. 1.1sta. to be submerged; to have sunk below the surface; to vanish out of sight from a horizontal plane. Nalimu nah adalom. He was submerged in the deep spot. ma‑/na‑. (sem. domains: 7.2.2.5 - Move down.) 1.2nom. refers to the sunset. Dakol di tatagun umed Manila Bay ten himbatangan te da tibon nan kalimuhan nan algo. Many people go to Manila Bay in the afternoon because they go to see the setting of the sun. Imme da nah nalimuhan di algo. They went after the sun had set. ka‑ ‑an/na‑ ‑an. (sem. domains: 8.4.1.2.3 - Time of the day.) 2proc. disappearing from view. Mungkalimuy bulan ot ahi kami umanamut. The moon was already disappearing when we went home. Mungkalimuy algo. The sun is disappearing. mungka‑. (sem. domains: 2.3.1 - See.) n. ph. kalimuwan di algo ph. v. nalimuwan di algo
lappu (sp. var. lapu) 1advpred. to start an activity; to begin something. Ilappum nan dasal taku. You start our prayers. Dahdiy nangilappu nah nundadama? Who started the trouble? i‑/iN‑, nangi‑. Time. Sim: lugin. (sem. domains: 8.4.6.1 - Start something.) 2sta. to be source of; come from. Nalpudda Manila nakugab. They came from Manila yesterday. Wada boh Abe an nalpuh tud Nabagtu. There is also this Abe who came from Nabagtu. ma‑/na‑. 3comm. beginning Maid di lappuna. It has no beginning. 4intrans. one who ritually begins the seasonal ricefield work. Hi Aguinaya di munlapu. Aguinaya is the starter. muN‑/nuN‑. (sem. domains: 4.3.9.1 - Custom.) infl. mipalpu infl. nalpu infl. palpu n. ph. handih lappuna
lad’un sta. to stay for a long time in a place. Adika bo miladun ad Manila. Don’t stay long in Manila. mi‑/ni‑. (sem. domains: 7.2.7.2 - Stay, remain.)
kuyug₁ 1trans. to take someone along with; to go along with someone. Waday ikuyug nah di. He took someone with him there. Mikuyug kan tulang mu hin umed Lagawe. Go along with your sister when she goes to Lagawe. i‑/iN‑, mi‑/ni‑. 3F Move something along with oneself. Sim: kadwa₁, ibba. (sem. domains: 7.2.5 - Accompany.) 2trans. to accompany someone. Ingkuyukuyugak ot e kami nunhawhawang ad Cubao, Makati, Pasay ya Manila Bay. They accompanied me and we went to Cubao, Makati, Pasay and Manila Bay. i‑/iN‑. 3nom. friendship. Maphod di kuyyugan dan tulu. The friendship of the three is good. ‑an. (sem. domains: 4.1 - Relationships.) der. kuyyugan
kudang (sp. var. kulang) 1sta. to be insufficient; inadequate; not enough; lacking. ma‑. Measure quantifier. (sem. domains: 8.1.7.2 - Lack.) 2to be insufficient. 2.1trans. to cause something to be insufficient or inadequate in amount or number. Kudangona nan indat mun igattang nah boga. He thinks the amount you gave him to buy rice is insufficient. Ustu nan ihaad ku mo kinudangan Maria. What I placed is enough but Maria removed some of it (made it insufficient). ‑on/‑in‑, ‑an/‑in‑ ‑an. (sem. domains: 8.1.7.2 - Lack.) 2.2intrans. for something to be insufficient with the implication that the insufficiency is due to agentive mishandling. Kumudang tun indat mu. What you gave is not enough. Deke on kumudang di kilon nan gatas an in-alim. Sometimes the milk that you bring is lacking in weight. Mungkudang nan in-aliyun kaiw. Something is missing in the lumber you brought.(count not right) ‑um‑/‑imm‑, muN‑/nuN‑. 2.3sta. to be insufficient, in amount or number. Makudang di pihuk an immed Manila kinali uggeyak gimmatang hi pinhod ku. I did not have enough money when I went to Manila and that’s why I didn’t buy what I wanted. 3adj. to be immature in reference to legumes. Kudang nan bulhe na yaden pinuga na. His beans are immature yet he harvested them. infl. makudang
kay’a adjunct. adds emphasis to a statement; in fact, certainly, definitely. Kanan Rosa di umed Manila mu adi kaya. Rosa said she is going to Manila but in fact, she is not. Adika kaya mahaul. Don’t ever be tempted (even if they insist)! Immi-ingleyak an pinhod kun umanamut mo indani bo kaya ya uminghaak. I felt so lonely that I wanted to return home, but after a while I definitely became adjusted. Hinae toan bumdang hidiyen bokon kaya hi Lammooy. That is what I don’t know, roaming spirits there, but definitely not Lammooy. Attitudinal. (sem. domains: 9.6.3.2 - Markers of emphasis.)
kalimana (der. of kalima) 1n. fifth day of the week. Handih himbatangan dih kalimana ya immeyak di Manila. Last Friday afternoon I went to Manila. Syn: Biyarnit, biernes. (sem. domains: 8.4.1.3.1 - Days of the week.) 2nom. the fifth day of an event. Ad uwaniniy kalimana nan nate. Today is the fifth day of the dead. ka‑ + na.
kakon-ana (sp. var. kon-ana) int. when; an interrogative pronoun used to ask about the time of an event or action. Kakon-anay pangialian dah bulwatik. When will they bring my clothes? Kakon-anat ahiyu nomnomon di ustu? When will you adequately think about it? Em hanhanan ten kakon-anay pangayan da ad Manila. Go ask him when they will go to Manila. (sem. domains: 8.4.3 - Indefinite time.)
ka- -an₁ nominalizer. this circumfix derives a noun from a verb. Hituwen makalin hagabi di katbalan di tagu peman This so-called prestige feast ‘hagabi’ entitles a man to due respect by his co-villagers Maid di ena id-um hi kanomnoman ya mumbalin tan kay hiyyahiyya. Nothing is added to your wisdom and we may become proud and boastful. Dakol di tatagun umed Manila Bay ten himbatangan te da tibon nan kalimuhan nan algo. Many people go to Manila Bay in the afternoon because they go to see the setting of the sun. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.3 - Derivational affixes.)
inila 1trans. to know; to perceive, understand or recognize the properties or characteristics of entities and abstract facts. An inilam di ngadana? Do you know his name? Inilaom di humang kuh bigat. You will know my answer tomorrow. Pinhod mun inilaon di Manila. Do you want to know about Manila? Takombo ot inilam met nadan maphod an authors. Anyway, I know that you know good authors. ‑on/‑in‑. 4E Perception and Cognition. Opp: dunu; Sim: amta. (sem. domains: 3.2.3 - Know.) 2pass. something is known. Nainilan hiyay nangala. It has been known that he was the one who got it. Nakanginnila ka. You are very knowledgeable. (sem. domains: 3.2.1.3 - Intelligent.) infl. mangipainila infl. nakanginnila ph. v. makainnila mo ahan say. Hay kaphod ya mainnilah pangi-e.
hokkad (fr. var. of hikkad) trans. to insist on something. Ihokkad na an hiya kanuy umed Manila. He insists that he will be the one to go to Manila. Makihinhokkadan. He is insisting on his own way (debating with others who are insisting on their way). (sem. domains: 3.2.5.6 - Attitude, 4.8 - Conflict.)
hipngat₂ intrans. to meet unexpectedly; to have a chance meeting. Nunhipngat da Juan ke Tomas nah dalan. Juan and Tomas met each other unexpectedly on the way. Ume ka ad Manila ta kal-ina ot anhan ya munhipngat kayun tulang mu. Go to Manila where we hope you will have a chance meeting with your sister. muN‑/nuN‑. 1B Movement with a directional component. (sem. domains: 7.2.3 - Move toward something.)
himbatangan comm. afternoon; between 3:00 - 5:00 p.m. is the time referred to. Namahig di atung hanah himbatangan. It is very hot in the afternoon. Himbatangan ke on mungngala day dulduli. During afternoons cicadas become noisy. Dakol di tatagun umed Manila Bay ten himbatangan te da tibon nan kalimuhan nan algo. Many people go to Manila Bay in the afternoon because they go to see the setting of the sun. (sem. domains: 8.4.1.2.3 - Time of the day.)
hawang (sp. var. hawwang) 1intrans. to come out; to emerge from a building or enclosure of some kind. Nganney himmawang? What came out? Ihawwang muh tu. Come out here. Himmawwang nadan tatagun e manggop ke dida ot pumpate da dida. The raiding people came out and started to attack them to kill them. ‑um‑/‑imm‑, i‑. 2A Movement from one place to another. (sem. domains: 7.2 - Move.) 2intrans. to emerge or show up in various places. Ingkuyukuyugak ot e kami nunhawhawang ad Cubao, Makati, Pasay ya Manila Bay. They accompanied me and we went to Cubao, Makati, Pasay and Manila Bay. muN‑/nuN‑. 3trans. place where someone or something emerges. Daanay hawwangon hin idalan ad Banaue? Where will we emerge when we pass through Banaue? ‑on. der. hawwangan id. humawang di langkak na. infl. munhawwangan
hanhan 1trans. to question or ask about something; to ask; to verify. Em hanhanan ten kakon-anay pangayanda ad Manila. Go ask him when they will go to Manila. Ugge na kinaliy ngadanan dakayu? hinanhanan ina. “Didn’t she tell you her name?” mother asked. ‑an/‑in‑ ‑an. Speech verbs - Purpose is to evoke a response. Sim: mahma. (sem. domains: 3.5.1.5 - Ask.) 2intrans. to ask a question. An he-a di munhanhan? Are you the one to ask questions? Mai-iimih inan mangmangngol. Nganney kinalina? punhanhanan ina. Mother smiled as she listened. “What did she say?” mother asked. Punhanhanak ya abuy oras. I am only asking the time. muN‑/nuN‑, puN‑ ‑an.
datuwey (der. of datuwe) demonstrative predicate. these are; a demonstrative predicate that refers to something that has been stated previously. Bokon abuwan datuwey matibod Manila. These are not the only things that can be seen in Manila. (sem. domains: 9.2.3.5 - Demonstrative pronouns.)
dakog 1adj. much; many; a lot. Dakog day tatagud Manila. There are many people in Manila. Number quantifier. Sim: dakol. 2intrans. to become many; to increase. Dumakog nadan manuk mu. Your chickens will became many/increase. ‑um‑/‑imm‑. 3trans. an active, transitive verb meaning to get many or much of something. Dakogom di alam hi boga. Get plenty of rice. ‑on/‑in‑.
