pa- -on (‑on) caus. this circumfix encodes non-past and a causative concept; it cross-references the patient-object relation rather than the causative agent. Hanadan tatagun maka-am-amlong ya paamlongon day ibba da ya paphodon nan maphod an kalyon day gibok nan mangngol. (Proverbs 15:30) The people who are very happy cause their companions to be happy and by the good things they say, they cause those who hear to feel good. Inun-unud day kalina ot pab-unon da nadan tatagu. (Luke 9:15) They followed what he said and had the people sit down. Sim: pa-. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.1 - Verb affixes.)
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pa- -an this circumfix encodes non-past tense and a causative concept; it cross-references the site-object relation rather than the causative agent. Ne nganne, kon pangali yu on paamlonganak kediyen at-atton yu? (Isaiah 57:6c) So what about it, do you think that what you are doing makes me happy? Hin waday mumbagan dakayuh baddang ya idat yuy ibagana ya pabanhan yu nadan bumanon dakayu. (Mateo 5:42) If someone asks you for help, give what they ask for and loan to those who ask to borrow from you. Sim: impa- -an. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.1 - Verb affixes.)
mun-am-amlong (infl. of amlong) intrans. to feel happy. Nanongnan mun-am-amlong kami. We are still very happy. muN‑/nuN‑.
mamaddang (infl. of baddang) trans. this form cross-references the agent-subject, i.e. the person who will help. Hiyay mamaddang ke ha-on nah tiempon punligatak. He will be the one to help me at the time I have hardship. Te hi Apu Dios an makaiddat ya mun-am-amlong an mamaddang ke ditaku. (James 1:5b) Because as for God who is generous, he is happy to help us.
konnat (sp. var. konna ket) adjunct. if such a thing were to happen; supposing that; to conjecture. Konnat ipatna yun idat yu athidin aggayam nah gobernador, kon umamlong ke dakayu weno kon edakayu baddangan? (Malachi 1:8b) Supposing you try to give an animal like that to the governor, would he be happy with you or would he help you? general: The sentence quotation from the book of the Bible, Malachi, is in the context of God speaking to the Israelites about their sacrificing of defective animals to him. Attitudinal. Sim: hin, deket, nu. (sem. domains: 9.6.2.8 - Condition.)
kenaen (kenae) dem. that; the form is based on kenae, a member of Set 5 demonstrative pronouns and the linker an. Hinaen indat yu ya paddungnay hi Apu Dios nangidatan yu ya mun-am-amlong bon dakayu kenaen inat yu. (Philippians 4:18b) What you gave is like it was God that you gave it to and he is happy with you for what you did. (sem. domains: 9.2.3.5 - Demonstrative pronouns.)
ke pe adjunct. indicates contrastiveness with emphasis. Ha-oy ke pe ya umamlongak. As for me, I am happy. Attitudinal. (sem. domains: 8.3.5.2.3 - Different, 9.6.3.2 - Markers of emphasis.)
buhul 1comm. enemy. [Usually an enemy belongs to a kin group that either has killed someone from one’s kin group or who has had a member killed by someone belonging to one’s own kin group.] Maid di buhul da. They have no enemies. (sem. domains: 4.8.2.5 - Revenge.) 2intrans. to have enemies; to have blood enemies. Dakol day numbuhul handi mu nun-aapu da. There are many who were blood enemies before but they had their children marry each other. Nunbinnuhul da Pedro ke Miguel hi maid gapuna. Pedro and Miguel are enemies without a real cause. Adika ot makiapu ke da naen pamilya te nakabuhhulan da. Don’t intermarry with that family because they have many enemies. Adik pinhod an mabuhulan te ad-adi ya maid di amlong. I do not like to have enemies because it is not good and there is no happiness. ma‑ ‑an, naka‑ ‑an, muN‑/nuN‑,. Sim: aw’it₁.
bakle 1comm. rice cake or candy made of glutinous rice; usually made at the end of harvest during Thanksgiving celebration; wrapped and cooked in banana or rattan leaves. Pinay-an dah niyug nan binakle. They put coconut in the rice cake. Waday iggattang da nah Sabadu hi binakle. They sell rice cakes during Saturdays. (sem. domains: 5.2 - Food.) 2intrans. to make rice cakes. Mumbakle da hi bigat. They are going to make rice cakes tomorrow. muN‑/nuN‑. 3trans. to use a specific kind of rice for making rice cakes. Ibakle da nan dayakkot. They are going to make rice cakes out of the glutinous rice. i‑/iN‑. 4participatory. to attend a harvest thanksgiving celebration. Etaku makibakle ad Nagakadan. We’ll go to Nagakadan to join the harvest thanksgiving. maki‑/naki‑. 5comm. a ritual celebrated at the end of rice harvest. Na keh ahibakle ya dakol di umalin bumaddang an mangapyah binakle ta nalutu ke ne waday punhahanggaan nadan nakibakle hi pun-am-amlongan da. When it is thanksgiving time, many come to help make rice cakes so that they will be cooked and presented for the happiness of those coming to join in the thanksgiving celebration. Sim: Alawag. comp. ahibakle der. mumbakle infl. binakle
anla 1intrans. to be happy, to be glad; to be joyful. Immanla handih immalih inana. He was/became happy when his mother came. Mun-an-anla da handi hilong. They were having fun last night. muN‑nuN‑ CVC, ‑um‑/‑imm‑. Sim: amlong. (sem. domains: 3.4.1.2 - Happy.) 2trans. to tease someone Adim an-anlaon nan tulang mu. Do not be teasing your sister. ‑on/‑in‑. der. an-anlaon infl. maan-anla
amlong happy. 1.1intrans. refers to a feeling of well-being and contentment. Mun-am-amlong nadan aammod na handih nibangngad. His parents were very glad when he returned. muN‑/nuN‑ CV(C)‑. 2C Emotion and sensation. Sim: anla. (sem. domains: 3.4.1.2 - Happy.) 1.2intrans. refers to a happy feeling at a point in time. Umamlong ka ot immalih inam. Be happy because your mother arrived. ‑um‑/‑imm‑. 1.3sta. to be happy, characterizes someone as being happy. Maam-amlong dan am-in. They are all happy. ma‑ CV(C). 1.4trans. refers to the reason for feeling happy. Adim amlongan di adi maphod. Do not be happy about bad things. ‑an/‑in‑ ‑an. 1.5caus. for someone or something to cause happiness. Hin-uddum ya mangipaamlong an ang-ang-angon di plawer. Sometimes seeing flowers causes one to be happy. Hay inap-apu diday mangipa-amlong hi aammod. Grandchildren cause grandparents to be happy. mangipa‑/nangipa‑.
kumbaba 1intrans. to humble oneself. Mungkumbaba ka te he-ay nabahulan. Humble yourself because you are the one at fault. muN‑/nuN‑. 1C General class. (sem. domains: 4.3.2.2 - Humble.) 2caus. to cause oneself to be humble. Hanadan tatagun ipakumbaba day adol da ya umamlong da. As for the people who humble themselves, they will be happy. ipa‑. Language Of Borrowing: Tagalog.
ta ahi (comp. of ta₁ The conjunction links a statement of means with a statement of purpose., ahi₁) adv. refers to the timing of a second event which is contingent on another event; the two events are logically related on the basis of time. Hamakok di pun-am-amlongak ta ahiyak tumayan tuh luta. I will look for my happiness before I leave this earth. (sem. domains: 8.4.5 - Relative time.)
