Search results for "pangal"

pangal comm. the cartilage and bony structure surrounding the mouth; jaw, chin. Dinnuntuk da di pangal na ot mipangel di gunit na. Somebody socked his jaw and his bone was dislocated. Sim: pahung. (sem. domains: 2.1 - Body.)

pangali (infl. of kali, paN-) v. to think. Pangalik pe on attiken tagu mu handi immomwa ya atag-e. I thought he was a short man but when he straightened up he was tall. (sem. domains: 3.2 - Think.)

paN- -an₂ TACR. this circumfix encodes non-past tense and cross-references a topicalized time or place; it co-occurs with Class 4 transitive verbs and some members of Class 1 and Class 2 intransitive movement verbs. An daana udot di pangal-am hi em itugatugal? Where do you get the money to be continuously gambling? Pinhod mu ke bon mun-ang-ang hi sini ya dakol di damanah pangayam. If you want to see a movie, there are many places you can go. Takon di hay dangli na ya maid ta daana mo peman di e pangal-an nan inayana? Because they had nothing, he was not even given the customary death ritual for how could his poor wife afford it? Kinali kediyen eda panggopan ke dida ya inila da moy aton da ya hay eda kipustuwan. That’s why on the day of the raid, they knew what to do and where to post themselves. Em hanhanan ten kakon-anay pangayan da ad Manila. Go ask him when they will go to Manila. Sim: naN- -an. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.1 - Verb affixes.)

paN- -an₁ dervN. this circumfix is a clausal nominalizer; it nominalizes a verb that co-occurs with argument constituents, the resulting nominalized clause becomes a constituent argument of the main verb. Mu nan naminhod an mangipangpanguluh mangulug ya mahapul an pangi-enat maid di pamihulan di tagun hiya. (1 Timothy 3:2a) But as for the one who wants to be a leader of believers, his way must be good so that there is no basis for any person’s scorning of him. Adi kayu mumplanuh panadagan yuh ibbayu. (Sechariah 8:17a) Don’t plan the destruction of your companions. Adi mabalin an eta mabiyag hin maid di ustuh ngunuh pangal-an hi pumbiyagan. It isn’t possible to live if we don’t have adequate work for getting our livelihood. Te inilam met an naligat di pangal-an hi pihhu. Because you very well know that it is hard to get money. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.3 - Derivational affixes.)

paN- dervN. this prefix nominalizes a verb; the derived nominal may be used in a noun phrase or as a nominal predicate. Takon ad uwani ya hay pangaan hi dogoy pangipuunan di dakol an tataguh pangulug da. Even now healing ( lit. removal of sickness) is the foremost reason that many people have faith. Pangalik pe on attiken tagu mu handi immomwa ya atag-e. I thought (lit. my thinking was) he was a short man but when he straightened up he was tall. Opat an gatut an pihhu di pamayad na nah luta. Four hundred pesos was his paymentt for the land. (sem. domains: 9.6.2.1 - Derivation.) infl. pangali

pa- -an this circumfix encodes non-past tense and a causative concept; it cross-references the site-object relation rather than the causative agent. Ne nganne, kon pangali yu on paamlonganak kediyen at-atton yu? (Isaiah 57:6c) So what about it, do you think that what you are doing makes me happy? Hin waday mumbagan dakayuh baddang ya idat yuy ibagana ya pabanhan yu nadan bumanon dakayu. (Mateo 5:42) If someone asks you for help, give what they ask for and loan to those who ask to borrow from you. Sim: impa- -an. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.1 - Verb affixes.)

pahung comm. the bony lower structure of the face; jaw. Mahakit di pahung na te dinuntuk da. His jaw is painful because they hit him. Sim: pangal. (sem. domains: 2.1.1 - Head.)

nganne (sp. var. ngane) int. what; an interrogative pronoun used to ask about the identity or nature of something. Nganney intugun dan he-a? What did they advise you? Nganney naat? What happened? Nganney pinhod muh pangal-algom? What do you want for your lunch? Nganney ngadan mu? What’s your name? Syn: hiddan. (sem. domains: 9.2.3 - Pronouns.) comp. nganneh diye

numpaN- trans. this prefix encodes a distributive modality; when attached to a transitive verb, the action expressed in the verb is distributed to multiple objects undergoing the action; past tense. Ne pun-ala da damdamay limmun nadan buhul dan numpangalah limmu da handi. (Ezekiel 39:10b) Then they will also get the property of their enemies who got their property long ago. Sim: mumpaN-. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.1 - Verb affixes.)

nin adjunct. modifies a statement as expressing a tentative possibility; perhaps; possibly; maybe. Umali nin hi biggatna. He may possibly come tomorrow morning. Pangalim nin kattog di babale nadan udum bon matibo mo bokon ta datuwe nan kalyon an bapor. You think maybe what you see are houses but these are what they call ships. Andaan mo ta deket waday takon di ittay an hinapulan an pihu ya intalu ta nangmung hi udum an algo an ahi nin makahhapul. When you have found just a little money, why not keep it for a rainy day when you might need it badly. Attitudinal. (sem. domains: 9.4.4.4 - Possible.) comp. deke pe nin ta comp. wada nin ph. v. damana man nin

maid 1negative predicate. 1.1negpred. a negative predication; the negative opposite of the existential predicate. Maid di inat kuh gaga-iho. I did not do anything bad. Adi mabalin an eta mabiyag hin maid di ustuh ngunuh pangal-an hi pumbiyagan. It isn’t possible to live if we don’t have adequate work to provide our livelihood. (sem. domains: 9.4.6.1 - No, not.) 1.2negpred. negative predication expressing the non-existence of an agent. Maid di mun-ay-ayyam hi banting. Nobody will play with matches. Ek ang-angon, munhidhid-ipak te nahilong ya- maid hi Lammooy I went to see, I was straining my eyes because it was dark, Lammooy was not around. 1.3negpred. negative predication expressing the non-existence of a thing or possession. Maid di pihuk. I have no money. Mungngunu kayu te maid di poppog di tiempo. Work, because time is without end. Maid moy ena igattang. He had nothing more to sell. Maid, tumakut kamin e mangala mu maka-i-imin nangidat ot alan mi mo. “Nothing. We were afraid to take the candy but she was smiling as she gave it so we took it.” 2sta. to become non-existent; mama-id, the reduplication expresses the process of disappearance, i.e. becoming non-existent. Athidi bon gulatnat mama-id am-in di mumbaki ta hiya ya abuy matdaan. Like that also, if there are no longer pagan priests except for him. (sem. domains: 9.1.1.1 - Exist.) der. ma-idon der. ma-ma-idan der. mama-id id. Ma-ma-idan di nitaguwak. ph. v. maid di poppog na

mabiyag (der. of biyag) sta. to be alive; to live. Adi mabalin an eta mabiyag hin maid di ustuh ngunuh pangal-an hi pumbiyagan. It isn’t possible to live if we don’t have adequate work to provide our livelihood. ma‑. (sem. domains: 2.6 - Life.)

ma-₂ pass. this prefix derives the passive form of Class 4 verbal roots; non-past tense. Matbal da mo peman! Now they are highly respected indeed. Adina anhan dongolon di kalin nan inayana an kananay ahida mahmok di imbabale da. He did not heed the protests of his wife who said that their children would be pitied. Pangalim nin kattog di babale nadan udum bon matibo mo bokon ta datuwe nan kalyon an bapor. You think what can be seen are houses but these are what they call ships. Sim: na-₂. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.1 - Verb affixes.)

lay’ug 1comm. a very tall and aged coconut or other variety of palm. Maid moy bungana te layug tuwali. It has no more fruit because it is old. (sem. domains: 1.5.1 - Tree.) 2proc. become an old coconut or other variety of palm. Limmayug mu nan niyug hi bale. The coconut palm at home became old. Nalayug nan moma an uggan pangal-an. The betel palm where we usually get betelnut is now old. ‑um‑/‑imm‑, ma‑/na‑.

kiting trans. to pinch someone. Kitingom hi Ana ta kumga. Pinch Ana so that she’ll cry. Adika ke nakakkiting; pangalim on adi mahakit? Don’t be fond of pinching; don’t you know it hurts? Kumaniting/kumitikiting tun golgollang. This child is always pinching. An daanay nangikitingan nan mittulum ke he-a? Where did your teacher pinch you? Impaka-ang-ang ku an pungkiting daka. I actually saw that you were being pinched. Mungkinniting da bo nadan hintulang. The sisters are pinching each other again. ‑on/‑in‑, ‑um‑/‑imm‑, puN‑, nangi‑, muN‑ ‑inn‑. 4B Tactile - Touch Contact. Sim: kibit. (sem. domains: 7.7.4 - Press.)

kattog adjunct. 1expression of a feeling of uncertainty; also, there can be a sense of futility based on the inability to fulfill expectations or the futility of an action; uncertainty. Hituwe kattog di midat mi. This is only what we can give. Pangalim nin kattog di babale nadan udum bon matibo mo bokon ta datuwe nan kalyon an bapor. You may think that what you see are houses but these are what they call ships. Attitudinal. (sem. domains: 9.4.4.6 - Unsure.) 2expresses a feeling of disappointment; unfortunately. Ot ituntun-ud mon kattog Malya hanan lata hanadah iibanan linalaki. Malya had to hold the can and be contented with just following her brothers.

kali 1comm. language. 1.1comm. human speech: may refer to any unit of utterance such as a word or sentence; may refer to a particular language or dialect. Hinnatkon di kali dah bale da. They speak a different language in their house. Am-in di kalin amam ya un-unudom. Obey all the words of your father. Binalonay nay kalim te inlot mu yaden dakol day tatagu. He didn’t like the way you told him because you said it loudly and there were many people. Uggek bo udot inila nan kali da. I didn’t even know their language. (sem. domains: 3.5.3.1 - Word.) 1.2comm. (fig) refers to the vocal mechanism and the sounds produced; voice. Mababol di kali na. His voice is bassy. (sem. domains: 2.3.2.3 - Types of sounds.) 2speak. 2.1to speak; to say. Sim: hapit. 2.1.1trans. to say something with a focus on what is said. Handih 25th di Aplil kinalin Mayor an umali kanu da Apu Paredes ke Apu Datumanong hitu ad Ifugao. On the 25th of April, the Mayor said, it is reported, that Sir Paredes and Sir Datumanong will come here to Ifugao. Hay pinhod kun kalyon ya piliyom di maphod an barkadom. What I want to say is that you should choose good friends. ‑on/‑in‑. Speech verbs. (sem. domains: 3.5.1 - Say.) 2.1.2intrans. to talk; to utter words; to communicate ideas and thoughts. An kimmali ka? Did you talk? Ugge mi dingngol di nangikalim hi kalida. We did not hear how you talked in their language. Tinuttuduwak an kumali kali da. They taught me how to speak their language. Nih-up da kanu nadan no- mungkalkali ot itikod na. According to him, those who were talking came near him and he stopped. ‑um‑/‑imm‑, muN‑/nuN‑. (sem. domains: 3.5.1 - Say.) 2.1.3nom. A nominalization that focuses on the manner of speaking. Hay pungkalim an pabinnugtak. Your manner of speaking is abrupt and angry. puN‑. 2.1.4trans. to scold or warn. Kinalyana nadan imbabalena ta adida mangun-unud ke hiya. He warned his children so that they will not follow him. ‑an/‑in‑ ‑an. (sem. domains: 3.3.3.7 - Warn.) 2.2trans. to say something by calling to someone. Kaliyam aga din mangen unga. Do call back the boy who is going. Hituwen makalin hagabi di katbalan di tagu peman. This so-called prestige feast hagabi entitles a man to due respect by his co-villagers. ‑an/‑in‑ ‑an. (sem. domains: 3.5.1 - Say.) 3think. 3.1trans. to use the mind to process or consider information or data; to think. Handi pinghanan umeyak hidi ya kalyok on matalakak. When I went there for the first time, I thought I would get lost. Pangalik pe on attiken tagu mu handi immomwa ya atag-e. I thought he was a short man but when he straightened up he was tall. ‑on/‑in‑. (sem. domains: 3.2 - Think.) der. makali id. kay kidul di kalim id. malumii di kali na id. nidallom an kali infl. pangali

kahiN- -on mod. this modal circumfix adds the concept of pretense to a verb. Kahinhuyhuyopona pangalinat ha-oy di manaang. He pretended to be sleeping, hoping that I’ll be the one to cook. Deke bo udot ya kahinlullokon da ot inila takun adida unudon intugun taku. If they keep pretending to be deaf, then, we know that they will not follow what we advised. Kahindongdongollona hi kinalik. He pretends to be hearing what I said. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.1 - Verb affixes.)

inayan (der. of ine) comm. mate; husband; wife; spouse. Duwa di inayana te makibabai. He has two wives because he just loves women. Adina anhan dongolon di kalin nan inayana an kananay ahida mahmok di imbabale da. He did not heed the protests of his wife who said that their children would be pitiful. Maid pangal-anah ipakanah inayana ya imbabalena dida. He had no way of providing food for his wife and his children. Syn: ahawa. (sem. domains: 4.1.9.2.1 - Husband, wife, 2.6.1 - Marriage.)

i-₁ TACR. 1this prefix encodes non-past tense, a punctiliar time aspect and cross-references the direct object with the conveyed semantic role. It is a member of the default affix set for Class 3 verbal roots. Iha-ad muh nae hitu. Place that one here. Iha-ad da nan basket hi bale. They will put the basket in our house. Kay anhan ya idatong dah boble ta inay-un dah dolan di himmagabi. Sooner or later, the hagabi-bench will arrive in the village brought by the men and to the yard of the man performing the ceremony. Em iwaklin nan buhi. Put the wine jar in a safe place. Sim: iN-. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.1 - Verb affixes.) 2the prefix encodes non-past tense and punctiliar aspect; it derives a transitive verb when it co-occurs with Class 1A intransitive movement verbal roots and cross-references an object that moves with the agent, e.g. to bring something or to take something. I-alik nan liblum. I will bring your book. (I will come bringing your book.) 3the prefix encodes non-past tense, punctiliar aspect, and cross references an instrument object with Class 4 verbal roots. Idikhal na nan matadom an wahe. He will use the sharp ax to split wood. Nganney ipalang mu? What will you use to cut with? Inggatang nay payo da ya odon da ta hay ahan itugal na. He sold their ricefields and heirlooms just to have money with which to gamble. 4the prefix encodes non-past tense, punctiliar aspect and expresses a manner component related to the phrase or clause in the direct object NP position of the main clause. Ipdug nay gunggung na. He chases with barking. Adim iploy pangalam hi pencil na. Don’t get his pencil by grabbing. I-ang-ang kuh manayo. I’ll look at the dancers. Kalubam hi daun ya ihamad mu ta maid hunggop hi dibdib. Cover the jar tightly with banana leaves so that no air enters. Namahig di hona da ta ihalhalla day dalan, ihinghingngi day dalan, namam-a ten waday iiban nadan himmagabi nah dalnon da. They go the wrong way, they go out of the way, especially if they know of a relative of the one performing the hagabi-ceremony who lives along the way. 5the prefix encodes non-past tense; co-occurs with a time aspect adverbial predicate and cross-references the clause embedded in the object NP position of the main clause. Ituluy mun mangan inggana mabhug ka. You continue eating until you are satisfied. Itikod mun muntugal an ap-apuk. Stop gambling, grandson. 6the prefix encodes non-past tense, derives a verb from a noun, and the object is usually incorporated though a specific object may be explicit and cross-referenced. Deke bo ta makudang di binokbok na ya madang-o nan hinamal o maid di idanum na. When the binokbok-yeast is insufficient, the rice will either be spoiled (it will not ferment) or it will produce no wine/liquid. Nganney iduyum? What have you placed on your plate (lit. plated)? 7the prefix encodes non-past tense and punctiliar aspect; it co-occurs with speech verbs and cross-references the object that refers to what is said. Mun-ap-apo wak kanu ya- uggek inila nan ia-apok. Aga mot nan bumdang di ia-apok. According to them, I’ll tell a story; oh, I don’t know what to relate. Okay, I’ll tell a story about roaming spirits.

hong’ang sta. to be stupefied because of what one sees; amazed. Nahngang handi tinibona hi Juan te pangalina on nate. He was stupefied to see Juan because he thought he was dead. ma‑/na‑. 6B Characteristics of human nature or life situation. Sim: modwong. (sem. domains: 3.4.1.3 - Surprise.) infl. mahngang infl. nahngang

hi det. 1a determiner that marks any noun referring to a person, including kin terms and proper names. <Morphophonology: When the preceding word ends in a vowel, the vowel ‘i’ of the determiner is reduced, and the consonant ‘h’ is attached to the preceding word.> Hi Juan di nangidat ketuwe. It was Juan who gave this. Takon maka-atung on kinawot da ta ialo dah ibba da. Even if it’s very hot, they grab it and throw it at their companions. (sem. domains: 9.2.3.5 - Demonstrative pronouns.) 2marks a definite place that is not a proper noun. Kay anhan ya idatong dah boble ta inay-un dah dolan di himmagabi. Sooner or later, the hagabi-bench will arrive in the village brought by the men and to the yard of the man performing the ceremony. 3marks an indefinite direct or indirect object noun; the marked noun is not cross-referenced by the affix on the verb. Tawagam hi Tayaban ta bumano kah pihhuna. Call Tayaban and borrow money from him. “Maule ot di bibiyo te umidat hi kendi, hiya ina,” an kanak bo. “Fairies are kind because they give candy, isn’t that right, mother?” I said again. 4marks an embedded nominalized clause that expresses a reason for a condition or state in the main clause. An daana udot di pangal-am hi em itugatugal? Where do you get the money to be continuously gambling? hantuh hidiye

hay det. a determiner that marks a topicalized constituent noun phrase in an equational sentence; the person or thing referred to is indefinite and non-specific. Hay ngadan bon nan kay ubunan an eda alan hi muyung ya hagabi damdama. As for the name of that benchlike figure that they get in the forest, it is hagabi also. Takon di hay dangli na ya maid ta daana mo peman di e pangal-an nan inayana. Even as for his death ritual, there was nowhere for his wife to go to get money for it. (sem. domains: 9.2.3.5 - Demonstrative pronouns.)

gumla advpred. predicates something as enough or adequate. Kon pangalim on gumlah tuwen kanon di hinggatut an tatagu? Do you think that this is enough food for a hundred people. Limiting or minimalizing. (sem. domains: 8.1.7 - Enough.)

deman (comp. of de, man) adjunct. expresses a contradictory alternative; but instead. Pangalik on bumaddang yaden deman ot an mangako. I thought he would help but instead he came to steal. Attitudinaal. Sim: tonna, imbes.
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