Search results for "tudok"

pakaC1- -on this circumfix is an intensifier and cross-references the object of Class 4 roots. <This circumfix is an allomorph of the circumfix pakaC2‑ ‑on. It co-occurs with roots with the CVC.CV(C) syllable pattern.> Pakabbidbidom ke nan impitudok Apu Dios, maid di kananah malpud Galileen profetas. (Juan 7:52b) Read very carefully what God has caused to be written, there is nothing said about a prophet from Galilee. Hanadan tataguh di ya pakaddonglon day intuttudun Felipe te tinibo day milogron inat na. (Acts 8:6) The people there listened very well to what Felipe was teaching because they saw the miracles that he did. Sim: C2, pakaC2- -on, pakaC2- -an. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.1 - Verb affixes.)

oggan (sp. var. uggan) adv. 1some unspecified times; periodically; now and then; sometimes. Ogganak umeh balen da apu. I sometimes go to my grandparents’ house. Ogganak idatan ke auntie hi pihu. My auntie gives me money now and then. Ogganak muntudok ke hiya. I used to write him now and then. Nate moh apu Casilda ya maid moy oggan mangialih allaman nibayuh puhu. After Grandmother Casilda died, there was no one from that time to bring crabs pounded with banana blossoms. Sim: pinninghan. (sem. domains: 8.4.3 - Indefinite time.) 2unspecified future times, no end time in view; from now on. Adika mo oggan munha-ang te binoggam nan inha-ang mud nakugab. Don’t cook rice anymore because what you cooked yesterday was not cooked well. (sem. domains: 8.4.5 - Relative time.)

nuN- TACR. 1this prefix encodes past tense and durative time aspect; it cross references the subject and is the default affix for Class 1 verbal roots. <Morphophonology: The velar consonant in coda position assimilates to the point of articulation of the first consonant in the root.> Nip-ot bo te nundogo ot mate. To top it all off, he fell sick and died. Om, te maid di hilhilbi hin ugge ta nun-adal ya maid di ngunu. Yes, because one is as good for nothing without education (lit. have not learned) and without a job. 2past tense, signals a durative aspect activity rather than a punctiliar action when co-occurring with a transitive verbal root, cross references subject. Nuntudokak ke hiya nimpe. 3when the prefix co-occurs with the reduplicant CV(C)-, it encodes past tense, durative-continuative aspect and cross references the subject. 4when this affix co-occurs with Class 6 verb roots, it changes statives to durative processes; it encodes past tense and cross references the subject. 5the prefix derives verbs from nouns; it encodes past tense and cross- references the subject. Man-ut nun-iskul mu ingganah grade four ya abu. He took formal education to grade four only Nun-ampuyo kamin am-in an binabai. All of us women wore the Ifugao skirt. 6the prefix encodes past tense, reflexive and cross references both the subject and object expressed in a single noun phrase. Indani ya naatu da nin nundopap. After a while maybe they were tired of grappling with each other.

numero comm. refers to the sum of units or entities; number. Intudok nay numero hi kamahita na. He wrote a number on his shirt. Sim: uyap, bilang. (sem. domains: 8.1.1 - Number.) Language Of Borrowing: Spanish.

nipa- -an pass. this circumfix encodes passive, causative, topicalization; past tense. Datuwen am-in di nipaannungan nan nitudok nah kalin Apu Dios....(Romans 2:24a) All of these are the fulfillment of the written word of God... Ipaali na boy kolyog ya iwagot na nadan batun nipab-unan tun luta. (Job 9:6) He will again bring an earthquake and he will shake the rocks that are seated on the earth. Sim: mipa- -an. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.1 - Verb affixes.)

nimpe adjunct. intensifies by implying the correctness or certainty of something that has been said before; it is so. Nuntudokak ke hiya nimpe. I wrote to him did I not say that? Adikah na, nimpe. Get out of there, I said so. Attitudinal. (sem. domains: 9.4.4.1 - Certainly, definitely.)

natkonatkon advpred. many different things. Natkonatkon di intudok na. He wrote many different things. Comparative.

munisipyu comm. 1municipal building that houses the offices of the local government; town hall. Wada nan tudok nah munisipyu. Your letter is in the town hall. (sem. domains: 6.5.1 - Building.) 2a governmental area with some powers of self-government; municipality. (sem. domains: 4.6.7 - Region.)

mumpangi- TACR. this prefix combination functions to encode an action that will affect more than one object; co-occurs with Class 3 transitive verbs; non-past tense. Ot umitud-ak dah mumpangie ke dadiyen tudok hi kabobboble. And they sent them to take that letter to all the cities and villages. Sim: numpangi-. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.1 - Verb affixes.)

mipa- -an pass. this circumfix has the features of passive, causative, topicalization; non-past tense. Hay am-in nan nitudok nah kalin Apu Dios ya mipaannungan. As for everything that is written in the word of God, it will be fulfilled. Sim: nipa- -an. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.1 - Verb affixes.)

lagbu comm. something given, usually money, to recompense or show appreciation; a reward. Indatak hi lagbunan nangialih tudok ku. I gave him a reward for having brought my letter. (sem. domains: 4.7.7.1 - Reward.)

ku pers. 1I; first person, singular pronoun; member of Set 1 non-cross-referenced subject pronouns. <Morphophonology: When a verb ends in a vowel, the pronoun attaches to the verb, and the vowel ‘u’ is dropped.> Ang-angok di manayo. I will look at the dancers. Pinpinhod kuy makihamul. I enjoy going to parties (lit. feasts). (sem. domains: 9.2.3 - Pronouns.) 2my; first person, singular, member of Set 1 possessive personal pronouns. <Morphophonology: When a possessed noun ends in a vowel, the pronoun attaches to the noun, and the vowel ‘u’ is dropped.> Tudok ku hinae. That is my letter.

kaddug trans. to run after; to chase. Kaddugom hi tulang mu ta idat mu tun tudok. Run after your sister and give her this letter. Kinaddug na nan nuwang mu nakattaynan. He ran after his carabao but he was left behind. ‑on/‑in‑. 4F Adjacency/Adjoining actions. Sim: pudug. (sem. domains: 7.2.1.1.1 - Run.)

kaCV(C)- comm. this prefix is affixed to common nouns and encodes the meaning that the action or activity is distributed throughout every place. Nundingngol hi Jesus hi kabobboble. Jesus was heard in every place. Ot umitud-ak dah mumpangie ke dadiyen tudok hi kabobboble. And they sent them to take that letter to all the cities/villages. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.2 - Noun affixes.)

hituweh (hituwe) dem. this; the form is based on hituwe, a member of Set 3 demonstrative pronouns and co-occurs with the determiner hi. Ya adiyu kanan di intudok kuh tuwen dakayu te pinhod kun umidat kayuh mahapul ku te maid hituweh nomnom ku. And don’t think that I wrote this to you because I want you to give what I need because there is nothing like this in my mind. (sem. domains: 9.2.3.5 - Demonstrative pronouns.)

hin-ag intrans. to look through an aperture or something that is somewhat transparent so that light is the background. Ihin-ag mu ten immalih Tomas. Peep out to see if Tomas has come. Ihin-ag mu ta ang-angom di nitudok nah papel. Hold it against the light to see what is written on the paper. Ihin-ag mu an mangita-une nah bilat. Hold the needle against the light to thread it. i‑/iN‑. 3I Direct action toward object. (sem. domains: 2.3.1 - See.) infl. munhin-ag

hin conj. if; marks a dependent conditional clause. <When this conjunction, hin, is compounded with interrogative pronouns, it indicates that the question is indirect.> Hin ume ka, alam tun tudok ku. If you go, get my letter. Hin athinay kanam, umunud kami. If that is what you say, we’ll go along with it. Hin babai di imbabalem ingadanam hi Bugan. If your child is a girl, name her Bugan. Ahim ipainila hin umali ka. Let us know if you will come. Sim: deket, konnat, nu. (sem. domains: 9.6.2.8 - Condition.) comp. hin anoka ta comp. hin bokon comp. hin kananat

gaddud 1adv. to hurry. [The use of the form may include the feeling of stress due to the need to hurry.] Gaddugaddud di nangaliyak ta adiyak mabayag. I came hurriedly so that I wouldn’t be late. (sem. domains: 8.4.2 - Take time.) 2trans. to do something hurriedly. Ginagaddud di inat kun nangapyah tudok kun nah tulang ku. My letter to my brother was hurriedly done. ‑on/‑in‑.

embelop 1comm. envelope Ihudum nan tudok mu nah embelop. Place your letter inside the envelope. (sem. domains: 7.3.7.2 - Wrap.) 2trans. to place in an envelope. Iembelop mu nan tudok. Place the letter in an envelope (lit envelop the letter). i‑/iN‑. Language Of Borrowing: English.

e 1to go. 1.1intrans. to move from one place to another; volitional movement with a starting point and a destination; locomotion in a direction away from speaker. <This verb form may appear uninflected and is frequently attached as a pro-clitic to the agent-subject pronoun or the main verb.> Umeyak hi bale. I am going to our house. Imme dah hilong ot muntalu da nah e-elena. They went while it was dark and hid outside of the camp. Eda manibo nadan nangipaptok ketuweh udum an makan mu maid. They (those in charge) went to look for more food but nothing was left. Matukatukal ka an e makitugatugal te mapat-al ya hilong di puntutugalan yu. You stay awake at night to go and join in gambling because your gambling goes on night and day. ‑um‑/‑imm‑. (sem. domains: 7.2 - Move.) 1.2trans. to go and take something with oneself. <The object is cross-referenced.> Iem tun kanon nadan mungngunuh payo. Take the food of the people working in the fields. i‑/iN‑. 1.3trans. the time or place is cross referenced; when or from where someone is leaving. Kon-anay umayan dad Baguio? When are they leaving for Baguio? Ad uwaniy umayan da. They are leaving now. ‑um‑ ‑an/‑imm‑ ‑an. 2intrans. to go towards a specific direction. Mumpaed da-ul nan ahu. The dog went towards the lower area. mumpa‑/numpa‑. 3nom. the place where one goes is cross-referenced; may be used as a greeting. Pangayan yu? Where are you going? Deket naagangan ka ya dakol di pangayan. If you are hungry, there are many places to go. paN‑ ‑an. 4caus. to cause someone or something to go; release or free from prison or an enclosed space. Impae dah Jose an nibalud. They released Jose from jail. Impae na nan tudok. He sent that letter. Impaen Maria hi Juan hi market. Maria sent Juan to market. ipa‑/impa‑. (sem. domains: 7.2.6.4 - Set free.) der. paki-ki-ayan der. pangi-e id. imme infl. ie infl. ine infl. maki-e infl. mange infl. pae infl. pangayan infl. umayan infl. ume

dongdong trans. to extend the hand or other object toward someone; to point something in a direction; to extend something to someone. Idongdong mun hiya tun puntudok ta alana. Extend the pen to him so that he will get it. Indongdonganak hi palattug. A gun was pointed at me. (lit. extended toward) i‑/iN‑, i‑ ‑an/in‑ ‑an. 3G Move body parts directionally. (sem. domains: 7.1.9 - Move a part of the body, 7.3.4.7 - Extend.)

dawaton (infl. of dawat) trans. to receive something. Dawatom tun bola. Receive this ball (by extending the hand to hold it.) Nganney dawatok hin adim idawat? What will I receive if you don’t give me something? An he-ay nundawat ke tuwen tudok? Are you the one who received this letter? ‑on/‑in‑, muN‑/nuN‑. 4C Convey/bring object toward agent. (sem. domains: 7.4.2 - Receive.)

daw’o sta. to be easily used; ready-to-use. [The use of the word implies that there is a short time component that results in efficiency.] Kudukdul na bo nan taldinat di em alan ta nadadawon na-ala ot ya indadaan ta mangan nganne. It’s better if you get sardines because they are easily prepared, just put them on a plate (lit. prepare) and eat them. Alak tun bolpen ta nadawo puntudok. I’ll get this (type of) ballpen because it’s always ready to write. ma‑/na‑. 6D Descriptives. (sem. domains: 6.1.2.8 - Efficient.)

bolpen comm. a pen with a ball bearing for a point. Bolpen di impuntudok na. He used a ballpen in writing. (sem. domains: 3.5.7.1 - Write.) Language Of Borrowing: English.

bik-i 1trans. to tear, rip or pull apart cloth or paper. Bik-iyon yu nan tudok. Tear open the letter. Bumik-i ka nah papel. Tear off a part of the paper. Pumbik-i na nan bulwati. She is tearing the dress. ‑on/‑in‑. 4A Change structure of object. Sim: pinga, hethet. (sem. domains: 7.8.4 - Tear, rip.) 2trans. tear into little pieces; shred. Banik-ihon yu nan tudok ne inwele yu nah kanal. Tear the letter into small pieces and throw them in th canal. Adim banik-iyon nan papel. Don’t tear the paper into pieces. ‑an‑ ‑on/‑in‑. 3pass. for something to be torn. Adim guyudon te mabik-i. Do not pull it because it will be torn. Nabik-i nan pantalon na. His pants are torn. Nabik-i nan bulwatin Bugan nah ena naki-ay-ayyaman. Bugan’s dress got torn when she went to play. Naminghan ya immanamut hi ohan biggatna ya nungkabibik-iy bulwatina. One morning he came home with his clothes torn in several places. ma‑/na‑. infl. banik-ihon
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