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munlatlatu (der. of latlatu) nom. to take pictures; photographer. Munlatlatu nan inayana. Her husband is a photographer. muN‑.

munlapu (der. of lapu) nom. the village leader who announces the obligatory rest day following certain traditional religious rituals; the village leader is usually both kadangyan ‘rich’ and a mumbaki ‘shaman’; this leader also has the responsibility for starting all seasonal work in the ricefields.

munlabi (der. of labi₁) nom. a metaphorical name used for an unidentified spirit; it is believed that the mibakiyan spirit goes around with a dog at night time; when heard in a vicinity, the tona-an di munlabi ritual is performed to avoid death. muN‑. n. ph. Tona-an di munlabi

mun-iyatu (infl. of iyatu) intrans. to rest. Naka-atu da ot mun-iyatu dah di. They were very tired and so they rested there. Mun-iyatu damdama nadan muttatyu yu. Your servants will also rest. muN‑/nuN‑. Sim: mun-ible.

mun-iyan (infl. of iyan) intrans. to stay overnight somewhere other than one’s own house. Kanana ot di mun-iyan ad Mamangan muden kanan hi Pangka “Adi umeyak hi bale.” He said that he should overnight in Mamangan but then Pangka said “No, I will go home.”

mun-ila (der. of ila) intrans. refers to a man who goes from village to village sounding a gong in order to invite people to a wedding celebration. E mun-ilah Allaga te holyat hi ohhandi. Allaga will go about (the villages) to invite people for the final day of the marriage feast.

mun-ible (infl. of bol’e) intrans. to rest because of tiredness; to take a breather. Mun-ible ka ta ahi taku mangan. Rest for awhile before we eat. muN‑ i‑/nuN‑ i‑. Sim: mun-iyatu. (sem. domains: 2.4.5 - Rest, 2.4.4 - Tired.)

mun-ibba (der. of ibba) intrans. refers to a person who accompanies someone to chaperone. Hiyay mun-ibban he-a. He will be the one to accompany you. muN‑/nuN‑.

mun-ap-apu (der. of ap-apu₁) intrans. to rule. Adida mun-ap-apu tuh luta ya adida mumpangapyah o-ongal an boble. They will not rule over this land and they will not build big cities. (sem. domains: 4.5.3 - Exercise authority.)

Mun-anup an Bakbakayyawon prop. a class of gods that are believed to hunt for men’s souls. Lourdes S. Dulawan: Ifugao Baki (Ritiuals for Man and Rice Culture)

muN- -an TACR. this circumfix encodes the concept of distributing an action or activity over time, space, or participants; non-past tense; cross-references the agent-subject. Ditakun tatagu ya kulugon takun wadaday mundallanan weno muntayyapan an adi matibo. As for us people, we believe that there are unseen beings who are either walking around or flying in the air. Indai ot ya abut mangalin nahho- wa-el, inang ay, waday munhuhummangan. After awhile, he was approaching the creek, oh my, there were voices conversing. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.1 - Verb affixes.)

munhuwwitan (infl. of huw’it) intrans. to sway, trying to maintain or regain balance. Timmaddog nan goalng nah tap-on di batu ya munhuwwitan. The child stood on top of the stone and swayed. muN‑ ‑an/nuN‑ ‑an.

munhuhummangan (infl. of humang) rec. a reciprocal action; to converse; to carry on a conversation. Indai ot ya abut mangalin nah wa-el, inang ay waday munhuhummang. After awhile, he was approaching the creek, oh my, there were voices conversing. muN‑ CV‑ ‑an/nuN‑ CV‑ ‑an.

munhikhikyad (infl. of hikyad) intrans. refers to what a child does when having a tantrum, kicking his legs in all directions; tantrum kicking. Munhikhikyad handi adida paki-ayon. He was kicking when they did not allow him to go along. muN‑ CVC‑.

munhilhilamut (id. of hilamut) intrans. an idiom meaning to be envious (lit. licking one’s lips). Munhilhilamut kah kinadangyan da. You are envious of their wealth. muN‑ CVC‑.

mundadaan (infl. of dadaan) ref. to ready oneself to do something; to prepare oneself. Agam, deket pinhod mun makie ya mundadaan kah pihhum ta deke ya imme ta. If you want to join in going, save your money (lit. prepare yourself with money) so that we can go. Mundadaan ka te ume taku mo. Get ready because we are about to go now. muN‑/nuN‑. (sem. domains: 6.1.2.6 - Prepare.)

muN- TACR. 1this prefix encodes non-past tense, durative time aspect; it cross-references the subject and is the default affix for Class 1 verbal roots. <Morphophonology: The velar consonant in coda position assimilates to the point of articulation of the first consonant in the root.> Mungngahngahak yaden mungkaliyak hi bale mi. I gasped for breath and yet I shouted at our house. Itikod mun muntugal an ap-apuk. Stop gambling, grandson. An mun-in-inop ka? Inid-onah nunhina-ob an pukol ku. “Are you dreaming?” She held me by my shoulders. 2non-past tense, signals a durative aspect activity rather than a punctiliar action when co-occuring with a transitive verbal root, cross-references subject. Dakol kami an naamung nah plaza an munhood kamih lugan. Many of us gathered at the plaza to wait for a ride. Ta mundadaan dah ibaddang dan hiya. So that they will prepare whatever they will give to help. Katatakut pay an e bumah-el te dakol di talak an muntutun-ud. It is even dangerous to cross the street since there are many buses lined up one after the other. 3when the prefix co-occurs with the reduplicant CV(C)-, it encodes non-past tense, durative-continuative aspect and cross-references the subject. Deket palhu di pangiha-angam, mahapul an uggan mu ikiwa ta mun-iingngoy lutu na. If a skillet is used, it is necessary to stir the rice from time to time so that it will be cooked evenly. Mumpaypaytuk ya mungkuli. She was jumping up and down and screaming. 4when this affix co-occurs with Class 6 verb roots, it changes statives to durative processes; it encodes non-past tense and cross-references the subject. Mihmihdi nah munhihilong ya nah kakaiw an dakol di hapang nan mahdol di tubuna. It stays in dark places (becoming dark) or in trees with thick, leafy branches. Deket dakol di binokbok na ya mapul-ukan an mumpait. When too much binokbok-yeast is used, the wine will become bitter. 5the prefix derives verbs from nouns; it encodes non-past tense and cross-references the subject. Ya pinhod ot Mayor ya dakol day binabain mun-ampuyo. What the Mayor wanted was that many women would wear the Ifugao skirt. Mumboga da ya mungkail da. They prepare rice and make wine. Adina itikod an mumbaki te wadanwaday takut na an kumpulmin tiempu ya mate. He does not stop doing the rituals because his fear is that he might die at anytime. 6the prefix encodes non-past tense, reflexive and cross-references both the subject and object expressed in a single noun phrase. Mahapul an mamitlu kan mun-amo ohan algo. You have to take a bath three times a day (bathe yourself). Imme dah hilong ot muntalu da nah e-elena. They went while it was dark and hid themselves outside of the camp.

mumpiyak nan impam (id. of piyak) an idiom meaning a child is crying (lit. your baby is peeping).

mumpi- adj > advpred. this prefix is affixed to cardinal numbers to derive an adverbial predicate that means to do the action or activity expressed in the main verb the number of times encoded in the cardinal number; non-past tense. Kanan Jesus di “Kalyok hituwen he-a Pedro an mumpitlun ihaut mun kanam di uggeyak inilan he-at ahi tumalan-uy manuk.” (Luke 22:34) Jesus said “I tell you this, Peter, you will deny me three times saying that you don’t know me before the cock crows.”

mumpattit (der. of pattit) ref. to lock oneself up in a room. Binnoh-olan da ya numpattit nah kuwaltu na. They scolded her and she locked herself in her room. muN‑/nuN‑.

mumpaN- TACR. this prefix combination functions to encode an action that will affect more than one object; co-occurs with Class 5 transitive verbs; non-past tense. Adida mun-ap-apu tuh luta ya adida mumpangapyah o-ongal an boble. They will not rule this land, and they will not build big cities. muN‑/nuN‑ + paN‑. Sim: numpaN-. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.1 - Verb affixes.)

mumpasalamat (der. of salamat) caus. to thank someone. Kanayun kan mundasal an mumpasalamat kan hiya. You should always pray and thank him. mumpa‑/numpa‑. (sem. domains: 4.3.7 - Polite.)

mumpa- -an trans. this circumfix encodes a causative agent-subject with the cross-referencing of a site-object; non-past tense. [The site-object is often semantically a recipient or beneficiary of the action encoded in the verb.] Ot mundasalak ke he-at mumpabaddangak, APU. (Psalm 30:8) And so I prayed to you so that you will help me, LORD. Mundongol kayun papatul ya dakayun aap-apu te ikantaak hi APU DIOS an Dios Israel ya mumpagangowak hi pundayaw kun hiya! (Hanadan Huwes 5:3) You kings and you leaders listen because I will sing a song to the Lord God, the God of Israel and I will play music in my honoring of him. Sim: numpa- -an. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.1 - Verb affixes.)

mumpa- caus. 1this prefix encodes a causative agent in the grammatical subject position that is cross-referenced; non-past tense. Kanayun kan mundasal an mumpasalamat kan hiya. Pray always to him, thanking him. Sim: numpa-. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.1 - Verb affixes.) 2used with any locomotion or directional verb root, giving prominence to the direction of movement. Mumpaabat an mumpaed Tinoc di oha ya mumpatpatikid an mumpaed Madannum ta ad Liwon di oha. This is where three main pathways branch out, one going to Tinoc, and ascending, going toward Madannum and one to Liwon.

mummanteka (infl. of manteka) intrans. to heat fatty portions of meat to remove the fat; to turn fat into cooking oil or grease. Mummanteka nan taba hin apuyam nan nihaang. The fat will become oil or grease if you fix the fire. Mantekaom nan taban di dotag. Remove the fat of the pork by cooking. muN‑/nuN‑, ‑on/‑in‑. 4A Change the structure of object. (sem. domains: 5.2.1.2 - Steps in food preparation.)