panio 1comm. an evaluative and cultural term referring to forbidden things; taboo. Panio nan e makihamul hi numpate. It is taboo to attend a feast for someone who committed suicide. (sem. domains: 4.9.5.6.1 - Taboo.) 2trans. to treat as taboo. Paniawon day umeh payo hin tungo. They think it is taboo to go to the fields when it is a declared rest day. ‑on/‑in‑.
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panday 1nom. blacksmith; ironsmith. An waday mumpanday hi inang-ang yu? Did you ever see an ironsmith? muN‑/nuN‑. Syn: udi₁. (sem. domains: 6.6.2.3 - Working with metal.) 2trans. to make iron tools, e.g. spades, knives, bolos; to forge. Pandayon da nan gumok hi gaud. They will make the metal into a spade. Pumanday kah uwan tun unga. Make a knife for this child. Mumpanday dah otak ad Bolar. They are making bolos in Bolar. ‑on/‑in‑, ‑um‑/‑imm‑, muN‑/nuN‑. 4A Change the structure of object.
panat trans. to remove an object from site, moving in the direction of agent. Deket tonton-on an nalutu ya panaton nan banga ya had-on hi ittay ta ahi kaanon di hukap na. Then, when one is sure that it is already done, remove the pot from the fire and don’t remove the cover of the pot right away. ‑on/‑in‑. 4D Release, remove or detach object. (sem. domains: 7.5.2.4 - Remove, take apart.)
pana 1comm. an arrow or dart. Niptok nan pana nah baggang di babuy. The arrow hit the neck of the pig. (sem. domains: 4.8.3.7 - Weapon, shoot.) 2trans. to shoot with an arrow; to hit with an arrow. Panaon nadan Pugut di makawa. The Aetas shoot deer with arrows. Pinana day matana. They hit his eye with an arrow. Mumpana dah dolog nah payo. They are shooting fish with arrows in the ricefield. ‑on/‑in‑, muN‑/nuN‑. 4F Adjacency/Adjoining actions. (sem. domains: 7.3.2 - Move something in a direction.)
palut trans. to mix a liquid with powder as in baking, making dough; to mix water with powdered rice for making rice cakes. Palutom nan binakle hi liting. Mix the powdered rice with the water. Mumpalut dah binakle. They are mixing the powdered rice with water. Ingkamo da nan asukal nah liting ne ahida bo impalut nah binakle. They mixed the sugar with the water then mixed it again with the powdered rice. ‑on/‑in‑, muN‑/nuN‑, i‑/iN‑.
palu trans. to dismantle; to take apart a building; disassemble. Numpalu da din ab-abbung te nadunut mo. They dismantled the hut because it’s old and rotten. ‑on, nuN‑. (sem. domains: 7.8 - Divide into pieces.)
paltik₁ 1comm. a carpenter’s marking string. Maid di uling nan paltik na. His marking string has no charcoal. (sem. domains: 6.7 - Tool.) 2trans. to use the marking string. Paltikan yu nan kaiw ta maandong hin magolgol. Use a marking string on the wood so that when sawed it will be straight. Paltikom nan kaiw ne ahim hinaphapan. Mark the wood before you chop off the excess. Hi Pedlo di mamaltik ta inilana. Pedlo will be the one to mark because he knows how. ‑on/‑in‑, ‑an/‑in‑ ‑an, maN‑/naN‑. 4B Tactile - Touch contact. (sem. domains: 7.7.7 - Mark.)
palti trans. to butcher poultry or animals for food. [This type of butchering is in contrast to sacrificial butchering, kolong, even though the meat can also be eaten when an animal is butchered as a sacrifice.] Paltiyon mi nan babuy mi hi bigat. We will butcher our pig tomorrow. Ipalti mi nah pingngit di wangwang. We will butcher it along the river. Pinaltik nan bakak ot ek igattang. I butchered my cow and sold it. Pumalti kah duwan manuk tedeyan dakol taku. Butcher two chickens because we are many. Mumpalti damdama hi Gabino hi babuy. Gabino also butchers pigs. ‑on/‑in‑, i‑/iN‑, ‑um‑/‑imm‑, muN‑/nuN‑. Language Of Borrowing: Ilocano.
palenha 1comm. a flatiron that burns charcoal, used for pressing clothing. 2trans. to iron clothes; to press with a flatiron. Palenhaom tun pantalon ku. Please iron my pants. Ipalenham nan bulwatina. Iron her clothes for her. Mumpalenha dah pumbulwati dah bigat. They are pressing clothes that they will wear tomorrow. Pumalenha kah duwan kamahhitan amam. Iron two shirts of your father. Mapalenha datuwen bulwati. These clothes are ready to be ironed. ‑on/‑in‑, i‑ ‑an/iN‑ ‑an, ‑um‑/‑imm‑, muN‑/nuN‑, ma‑/na‑. (sem. domains: 5.3 - Clothing.) Language Of Borrowing: Spanish.
paldang₁ 1intrans. beside; alongside. Numpaldang kamin Mayor dih program. We sat beside the Mayor at the program. muN‑/nuN‑. Sim: dongte, hunnup, hag-on. (sem. domains: 8.5.1.2 - Beside.) 2trans. to place something alongside someone or something. Ipaldang mu nan golang ke inana. Place the child beside her mother. Paldangom hi tulang mut tibom ta adi mag-a. Stay beside your brother so that he will not fall. Mipaldang kan ha-oy hin mangan taku. You will stay beside me when we eat. i‑/iN‑, mi‑/ni‑, ‑on/‑in‑. 3A Move and position object at site. der. kapaldang der. pinaldang
palattug 1comm. gun. Waday palattug na te pulit. He has a gun because he is a policeman. (sem. domains: 4.8.3.7 - Weapon, shoot.) 2trans. to shoot with a gun. Pinatlattug da on hamuti. They shot a bird. Palattugon da nan ahun natagal. They will shoot the dog that is rabid. Pumalattug ka hi hamuti. Shoot some birds. Eda mamalattug hi hamuti nah muyung. They are going to shoot birds in the forest. ‑on/‑in‑, ‑um‑/‑imm‑, maN‑/naN‑. Language Of Borrowing: Ilocano: paltug.
palang 1comm. a wound from a bolo. Ongal nan palang nah odog na. The wound on his back is big. (sem. domains: 2.5.3 - Injure.) 2trans. to cut by striking with a bolo. Palangom nan hapang di akasya te umalih tuh atop di tubuna. Cut the branch of the acacia-tree because the leaves come to the roof. Mumpalang dah kawayan handi mala-u kami. They were cutting bamboo when we passed by. Pinalang Ramon nan kaiw. Ramon struck the tree with his bolo. Mapalang di taklem hin athina di pangdon mu nah otak. Your hand will be cut if you hold the bolo that way. ‑on/‑in‑, i‑/iN‑, ‑um‑/‑imm‑ muN‑/nuN‑, ma‑/na‑. Tactile - Touch contact. 3rec. to wound or kill each other with bolos. Mumpinnallang da lummu nah koltog di luta. They will kill each other with bolos because of a land dispute. muN‑ ‑in‑/nuN‑ ‑in‑. 4v. to attack with a bolo, usually with intent to kill. Etaku tedeyan tuwe nan mun-angon pumalang. Let us go because the crazy man will cut us with his bolo. ‑um‑/imm‑.
palad 1comm. (prim) the inner surface of the hand; palm. (sem. domains: 2.1.3.1 - Arm.) 2palm reading. 2.1intrans. to refers to the activity of palm reading. Mammalad kanu hi tulang na. They say that her sister is a palmist. maN‑. (sem. domains: 4.3.9.1 - Custom.) 2.2trans. to foretell future by reading the lines of the palm. [The reading of the palm is not a traditional practice.] Paladonak. Foretell my future. ‑on/‑in‑. (sem. domains: 4.9.4.6 - Prophecy, 4.3.9.1 - Custom.) id. maphod di palad
pala 1comm. a shovel with a short handle. Nan pala di pungkaum nah lugit. Use the shovel in scooping the dirt. Alam nan pala ta gaudom nan pitok. Get the shovel and scoop the mud with it. Sim: baung, bangbang, gaud, huklay. (sem. domains: 6.2.8 - Agricultural tool.) 2trans. to shovel something with a short-handled shovel. Palaom nan lutan nitabab nah kanal. Shovel the earth that is blocking the canal. Pinala na nan lona nah kalata. He shovelled the sand on the road. Ipalam nan ka-gattang. Use the newly-bought shovel. Mumpala da handi mala-u kami. They were shovelling when we passed by. ‑on/‑in‑, i‑/iN‑, ‑um‑/‑imm‑, muN‑/nuN‑. 4D Release, remove or detach object. (sem. domains: 7.3.2 - Move something in a direction.)
pakyaw 1comm. contract system for labor. Pakyaw di ngunun di gabut nan payo. They cut the grass of the field by contract. (sem. domains: 6.1 - Work.) 2v. to work on a contract basis. Pakyawon da di gayon nan garden. They will contract to hoe the field. Dahdiy numpakyaw nah iskul? Who did the labor contract for the school? ‑on/‑in‑, muN‑/nuN‑. 4C Convey/bring objects toward agent. (sem. domains: 6.8.4.6 - Hire, rent.) 3trans. to buy large amount of something by contract, i.e. wholesale. Pakyawom nan igattang nan amput. Contract to buy all of the garlic she is selling. ‑on/‑in‑. Language Of Borrowing: Tagalog.
pakpak₂ trans. to hit someone or throw something with force. Pakpakon daka hin ume kah kad-an da. They will hit you if you go near them. Impakpak nay libluh uluk. He hit my head with a book. Natu-i nan golang ot mipakpak di ulu na. The child tumbled and hit his head. ‑on/‑in‑, i‑/iN‑, mi‑/ni‑. Sim: tupak₂, holtak. (sem. domains: 7.7.1 - Hit.)
pakodholon (infl. of kodhol) caus. to make something hard; to cause the hardening of something. Adim pakodholon nan taklem. Do not make your hand hard. Pakodholom di adol mu. Strengthen yourself. pa‑ ‑on. (sem. domains: 9.6.2.5 - Cause, 9.6.2.5.1 - Reason.) id. pakodholon di nomnom
pakkid (pakid) trans. to hook the legs around something Pakkidom nan hapang ta adika mag-a. Hook your legs around the branch. Ipakpakkid din ungay hukina di hukin di lamesaan. The boy is hooking his legs around the table’s leg. Adik pinhod an makihuyop ke he-a te pumakkid ka. I do not like to sleep with you because you will hook your legs on me. Munpinnakkid dan mahuyop. They hook their legs around each other when they sleep. ‑on/‑in‑, i‑/iN‑, ‑um‑/‑imm‑, muN‑ ‑in‑. 4F Adjacency/Adjoining actions. (sem. domains: 7.5.2.1 - Link, connect.)
pakawan intrans. 1to ask forgiveness. Mumpakawan kan hiya. Ask forgiveness from him. muN‑/nuN‑. Syn: pakoma. (sem. domains: 4.8.4.7 - Forgive.) 2to forgive someone. Pakawanom ot uggena ingnguddan. Forgive him, anyway he did not do it intentionally. ‑on/‑in‑. 4E Perception and Cognition. Language Of Borrowing: Ilocano.
pakan (infl. of kan) 1caus. to feed an animal, usually quadrupeds, or a baby or a sick person. Pakanom nan ahu. Feed the dog. Pinangan da mo nan babuy. They have already fed the pigs. ‑on/‑in‑. (sem. domains: 5.2.2 - Eat.) 2trans. focus is on the particular food that will be fed. Ipakan mu nan tingting. Give the sweet potato leaves for its food. i‑/iN‑. 3trans. a durative aspect related to who feeds and who eats. Adi daka panganon te mangidlu ka. I’ll not feed you because you are lazy. paN‑ ‑on.
pakaC1- -on this circumfix is an intensifier and cross-references the object of Class 4 roots. <This circumfix is an allomorph of the circumfix pakaC2‑ ‑on . It co-occurs with roots with the CVC.CV(C) syllable pattern.
pa-i (sp. var. pai) 1trans. to destroy. Pa-iyon di puwok nan kinapya takun ab-abung. The storm will destroy the toy house we made. Puma-ih nitanom di dalalu. Hail destroys plants. ‑on/‑in‑, ‑um‑/‑imm‑. Class 4 Change of structure of object. Syn: bahbah. (sem. domains: 7.9.3 - Destroy.) 2intrans. to disrupt something, e.g. conversation, relationships. Pumappa-i kah te hay tutut mu. You disrupt kinship relationships because of your being quarrelsome. Puma-i kah hummangan mi te nabutog ka. You are disrupting our conversation because you are drunk. ‑um‑/‑imm‑. 3trans. to break an agreement, an extended meaning. Pina-i nay hummangan mi ta idat nad uwani nan binano na. He broke our agreement and so he will pay what he borrowed now. ‑in‑.
pahyal (sp. var. pasyal) 1intrans. to take a walk without a specific destination or purpose; to stroll. Etaku munpahyal hidi nah shrine. Let us go take a walk to the shrine. Ipahyal mu tun ungad nabagtu ta adi umi-ingle. Take this child to the town center for a stroll so that he will not be bored. muN‑/nuN‑, i‑/iN‑. 1A Movement with a manner component. (sem. domains: 7.2.1.1 - Walk.) 2trans. to visit. Mumpahyal dad Lagawe. They are going to Lagawe for a visit. Pahyalom nadan inap-apum te pun-ibaga daka. Visit your grandchildren because they are asking for you. Pumahyal ka hi bale mi damdama. Visit our house also. muN‑/nuN‑, ‑on/‑in‑, ‑um‑. Sim: ay-ayyam, hungdu. (sem. domains: 4.2.1.4 - Visit.) Language Of Borrowing: Spanish: pasyal.
pahul 1comm. a wooden rod with a double bladed-knife; a spear. [To step over a spear is taboo because it will cause the spear to miss its mark.] Intanod na nan pahul mu nihalla. He threw the spear but missed. Nun-idadaan day ootak da ya papahul da. They prepared their bolos and their spears. Sim: balabog, baghe, gayang, hinolgat, ludit. (sem. domains: 4.8.3.7 - Weapon, shoot.) 2trans. to spear something. Nganne em pahulon? What will you spear? ‑on/‑in‑.
pahok₁ 1comm. a wedge used to split logs and rocks, usually made of steel. Usarom di pahok ta bumaddang an mami-ang nah kaiw. Use a wedge to help split the wood. 2trans. to cut stones with a wedge. Pahokom hituwen batu ta itping da. Cut these stones so that they will use them for riprap. Mumpahok dah batu nah pingngit di kalata. They are cutting stones at the side of the road. Pinahok na nan kaiw te mainot. He used a wedge on the wood because it was elastic. ‑on/‑in‑, muN‑/nuN‑, ‑um‑/‑imm‑. 4A Change the structure of object. (sem. domains: 7.8 - Divide into pieces.)
