Search results for "pa-"

ipa- (sp. var. of ipi-) TACR. the prefix encodes a causative prefix; cross-references the object, but an agent, the person doing the action is always implied though the causative-agent is the subject; non-past tense. Ipaali na boy kolyog ya iwagot na nadan batun nipab-unan tun luta. He will bring an earthquake and he will shake the rocks that are seated on the earth. Deket kanan nan tagu di humagabi, ipainila na ni-an hi iibana. When a man decides to perform the hagabi-ceremony, he must first inform (cause to know) all his relatives. Sim: impa-, ipi-. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.1 - Verb affixes.)

impa- -an caus. this circumfix encodes past tense and a causative concept; it cross-references a site-object, but an agent, the person doing the action is always implied though the causative-agent is the subject. Mada-idaih ya pakayahyaak moppe te impainumanak hi liting. After a while, I could breathe again because she gave me a drink of water (lit. had me drink water). Sim: pa- -an. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.1 - Verb affixes.)

impa- (sp. var. impi-) caus. this prefix encodes a causative concept; cross-references a patient-object, but an agent, the person doing the action is always implied though the causative-agent is the subject; past tense. Impatanom nay bulhe. He had some beans planted. Impaalik nan bulwatim. I had your clothes brought. Sim: ipa-, ipi-. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.1 - Verb affixes.)

immipa- caus. this prefix encodes a causative concept; it co-occurs with emotion verbal roots and cross-references the causer-agent-subject; past tense. Immipaamo ka. You caused me to be jealous. Immipatakut ka. You caused me to be afraid. Sim: umipa-. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.1 - Verb affixes.)

gampa 1comm. a basket, all-purpose, big and open and made of rattan or baginge grass or rattan strips. [The basket is used for vegetables, tubers and especially for carrying yam leaves for pigs’ food; it is carried on the head usually by women.] Ihaad mu nan tanghoy nah gampa. You put the water cress in the basket. Sim: kaba, balyag. (sem. domains: 6.7.7 - Container.) 2intrans. to use an all-purpose basket. Munggampa ka hin danggu nan igattang mu. Use a gampa-basket if you are going to sell spring-onions. Igampam nan gattuk. Place the sweet potatoes in a gampa-basket. muN‑/nuN‑, i‑/iN‑.

dingding 1comm. wall of any building, e.g. houses or granaries. Napa-i nan dingding. The wall was destroyed. (sem. domains: 6.5.2.1 - Wall.) 2trans. to build a wall; to put up walls. Ugoy indingding da. They walled-it with fine bamboo. Dingdingan yuh tabla. Wall with the boards. Pundingdingan da. They are walling-it. i‑/iN‑, ‑an/‑in‑ ‑an, puN‑ ‑an. 4A Move and position object at site. (sem. domains: 6.5 - Working with buildings.) 3intrans. to place a wall. Mundingding da ad uwani nah balen da Pedro. They are putting up a wall now in the house of Pedro. Dumingding kah kiha-adan nadan u-unga. Wall off a spot for the children to live in. muN‑/nuN‑, ‑um‑/‑imm‑.

dapig trans. to change shape by pressing; to flatten. Dapigom nan kapyaom an tinapay. Flatten the bread you are to bake. Mangapya kah gampa mu dapigom ta nalaka an miagtu. Make a gampa-basket, but make it flat so that it’s easy to carry on the head. Nadapig di nangat mu yaden kanak di mukkolom. You made it flat, yet I told you to round it. Hay nadapig an batuy ialim hitu. Bring a flat stone here. Mungkadapig nan uluna. Its head is becoming flat. ‑on/‑in‑, ma‑/na‑, mungka‑. 4A Change the structure of an object. (sem. domains: 7.7.4 - Press.)

dapdapa (infl. of dapa) 1intrans. to grope. Idattan dakah dilag ta adika mundapdapa. I will give you a light so that you won’t have to grope. Deyan mundapdapa hi apum. There is your grandma groping. Deket maid di dilag on mundapdapa ta. When there is no light, we grope in the dark. muN‑/nuN‑. (sem. domains: 7.3.4.1 - Touch.) 2trans. to grope for something. Nganney dapdapa-om? What are you groping for? ‑on/‑in‑.

bongbong trans. to build a dam; to block water. Bongbongom ni-an nan danum nah payo. You block the water coming out of the field. Ibongbong mu nan luta nah loba. Use the soil/dirt on the slope in damming the water. Pumbongbong da na napa-in banong. They are blocking the water flowing from the destroyed ricefield dike. Bumongbong kah pangiha-adan hi liting. Dam a spot for gathering water. Adi mabongbong te nal-ot nan danum. It cannot be dammed because the current is too strong. ‑on/‑in‑, i‑/iN‑, puN‑, ‑um‑/‑imm‑, ma‑/na‑. 5F Adjacency/Adjoining. (sem. domains: 6.6.7 - Working with water.) infl. mamongbong

bahbah pass. for something to be destroyed. Nabahbah nan payo da te pinain di liting nan tuping na. Their ricefield was destroyed because the water destroyed the stonewall. na‑. Syn: pa-i. (sem. domains: 7.9.3 - Destroy.) Language of Borrowing: Keley-i Kallahan.

anhan (sp. var. ahan) adjunct. 1an intensifying polite adjunct; please, sorry. [The word is generally used in a polite request or as a polite emphasis, but may also be used sarcastically. It is used intentionally to evoke particular feelings in the hearer; the context disambiguates the feelings that the speaker intends to evoke.] Toan ten makulug, mu deket makulug, ikabing mu anhan tun tugun ku. Whether or not this is true, I don’t know, but if it is, then, heed my advice. Interpersonal. (sem. domains: 3.3.3.3 - Persuade.) 2to emphasize, related to degree or uniqueness. Hinae anhan nan em ipatipatibo? Is it only that which you are showing off? Makulug anhan nan kinalik. What I said is really true. (sem. domains: 9.2.7 - Interjections.) 3first thing; a priority. Pa-anhanom an aton ni-an nan kinalik ta ahim aton di udum an ngunum. Make what I told you the first thing you do before your other work. pa‑ ‑an. comp. kay-ahan der. ipaanhan der. mangipaanhan infl. paanhanon

amlong happy. 1.1intrans. refers to a feeling of well-being and contentment. Mun-am-amlong nadan aammod na handih nibangngad. His parents were very glad when he returned. muN‑/nuN‑ CV(C)‑. 2C Emotion and sensation. Sim: anla. (sem. domains: 3.4.1.2 - Happy.) 1.2intrans. refers to a happy feeling at a point in time. Umamlong ka ot immalih inam. Be happy because your mother arrived. ‑um‑/‑imm‑. 1.3sta. to be happy, characterizes someone as being happy. Maam-amlong dan am-in. They are all happy. ma‑ CV(C). 1.4trans. refers to the reason for feeling happy. Adim amlongan di adi maphod. Do not be happy about bad things. ‑an/‑in‑ ‑an. 1.5caus. for someone or something to cause happiness. Hin-uddum ya mangipaamlong an ang-ang-angon di plawer. Sometimes seeing flowers causes one to be happy. Hay inap-apu diday mangipa-amlong hi aammod. Grandchildren cause grandparents to be happy. mangipa‑/nangipa‑.

alad 1comm. fence; enclosure of ground. Napa-i nan alad taku. Our fence was destroyed. Inyapana nah kad-an di alad. He jumped into a place near the fence. Sim: iya₂, luhud. (sem. domains: 6.5.1.5 - Fence, wall.) 2intrans. to build a fence. Mun-alad hi Jose. Jose is building a fence. Umalaka hi lappao ta pun-alad ku. Get some Jerusalem artichoke so that I can use to make a fence. Umalad kah pukungan di gawgawa. Fence a space for a duck pen. muN‑/nuN‑, ‑um‑/‑imm‑. 3trans. to focus is on what is used for building a fence or what is being fenced. Ialad mu nan bilau. Use the canegrass for in building a fence. Aladon yu nan dola. Build a fence around your yard. i‑/iN‑, ‑on/‑in‑. 4pass. to be fenced. Naaladan nan ek pangidalanan. The way I will pass by is fenced. ma‑/na‑. Language Of Borrowing: Ilocano.

pa- caus. this prefix encodes a causative agent involvement in the action or activity; it is the basic causative form. <This causative prefix co-occurs in combination with many other affixes.> Adim mo painnay-ayyam te mahapul an mun-istudy kah ustu. You are not going to squander your time. Mipatibo an dakol di page da. This shows that they have rice to spare. Sim: pa- -on. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.1 - Verb affixes.)

numpa- caus. this prefix encodes a causative agent and cross-references that person; past tense. Hi Maria di numpabayu. Maria had rice pounded. Dahdiy numpataluh libutan? Who had the pouch hidden? Nan hakit nay numpapalak ke ha-on. It’s the pain that made me groan. Sim: mumpa-. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.1 - Verb affixes.)

iphod (infl. of pohod) trans. to fix or repair something. <Morphology: The form paka-ip-iphod, is superlative, to fix perfectly> Iphod muy adol mu te mangali day tatagun e mangidung-on he-a. Fix yourself up because people are coming to visit you. Mahapul an mun-iphodak hi bale mi te dandani moy Krismas. I’ve got to fix up things at home because Christmas is almost here. Adiyak pakaiphod tuh napa-in ubunan. I cannot repair this destroyed seat. i‑/iN‑, muN‑ i‑, pakai‑. 3I Direct action toward an object. (sem. domains: 8.3.7.6 - Improve.) infl. mangip-iphod

puluy 1comm. direction. Munpa-ed dawa di puluy nan dibdib. The direction of the wind was towards the west. 2trans. to move in a certain direction. <The direction component is so important, it makes the verb transitive.> Nalakan inilaon nan puluyon di dibdib hin waday kaiw an pangiang-angan. It’s easy to know the direction of the wind if there is a tree by which we can see it. Inipluy nadan binabaih kad-an mi. The women came in our direction. ‑on/‑in‑, i‑/ini‑.

pumpa- dervN. this prefix is a causative clausal nominalizing affix. Ya hay gapunan ugge pinihod di iKiangan di Ippangyol ya namahig di pumpaligat da tatagu. The reason the Kiangan people did not like the Spanish is they caused the people great hardship. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.3 - Derivational affixes.)

pumpa- -an this circumfix encodes a causative agent, an agent, and an object of the verbal action; durative time aspect; cross-references topicalized agent. Dahdiy eyu pumpabaddangan? (Isaiah 10:3b) Who can you have help you? Sim: numpa- -an. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.1 - Verb affixes.)

tinapa comm. a type of dried fish. Ne inid-um di sagpaw an tinapa weno sardinas. Then, add tinapa-fish or sardines. (sem. domains: 5.2 - Food.)

tudu₁ intrans. to drip, the dripping of rain through a leak in a roof; for a root to leak. Muntuduy bale mi. Our house is leaking. Muntuduh bale. Water drips from our roof. Tumudu nah kusina hin umudan te napa-i nan atop. It will drip in the kitchen if it rains because the roof is destroyed. muN‑/nuN‑, ‑um‑/‑imm‑. 1B Movement with a directional component. Sim: tuliyok, ton’o, todtod.

umipa- caus. 1this prefix encodes a causative concept; it co-occurs with emotion verbal roots and cross-references the causer-agent-subject; non-past tense. Umipabungot nan inat Pedrito. The thing Pedrito did makes one angry. Umipatakut ka. You are causing me to fear. Sim: immipa-. (sem. domains: 9.2.9.1 - Verb affixes.) 2this prefix may also co-occur with some stative-process verbal roots and then cross-references the cause of a process. Umipatabay dotag. Meat makes one become fat.
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