duk-it trans. 1to remove something that has been inserted into a hole; an instrument is used; e.g. pins, short stick, wire, etc. Duk-itom din balaingan. Remove the inserted cockroach. ‑on/‑in‑. 4D Release, remove or detach object. Sim: ukit. (sem. domains: 7.5.2.4 - Remove, take apart.) 2to pry open a lock. Duk-itom nan pattit di tawang te wada nan aladdu nah bohongna. Pry open the lock of the window because the key is inside. ‑on/‑in‑.
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duhdu₂ trans. to block the passageway of rats in ricefields by using mud. Duhduwon yu nadan balen di utut. Block the passageways of the rats into their nests. Manuhdu kayu nah loba. Block the entrance to the rats’ nests in the field’s slope. ‑on/‑in‑, maN‑/naN‑. 4A Change the structure of object. (sem. domains: 7.3.6.2 - Block, dam up.)
dohak 1intrans. to split apart, e.g. the earth developing cracks during an earthquake. Nadhak an luta. The earth cracked open. (sem. domains: 7.8.2 - Crack.) 2comm. refers to a crack in the earth or in a rock. Nan ulog ya nuntaluh dotak di batu. As for that snake, it has hidden itself in a crack in the rock.
diyat open eyes. 1.1trans. to open eyes. Diniyat Bugan nan matanah namodwongana. Bugan opened her eyes wide in surprise. Diyaton yuy mata yu ta tibon yu. Open your eyes wide so you will see it. Adi madiyat di matana. Her eyes cannot be opened. ‑on/‑in‑. (sem. domains: 2.3.1 - See.) 1.2intrans. to open the eyes wide, appearing to stare at something. Pundiyat nay matana. She was opening her eyes wide./She was staring. puN‑. 1.3nom. to have eyes opened. Mahakit di ek pundiyatan hi matak te nakamataak. It is painful when I open my eyes because I’m having sore eyes. puN‑ ‑an.
dipdipu 1comm. a drum instrument.animal skin is stretched over it’s upper end while the lower end is open. [Animal skin is stretched over it’s upper end while the lower end is open.The drum is sounded during the harvest time of the rich as they offer the ritual sacrifices in the granary.] Timbab na nan dipdipu. He beat the drum with his open palms. (sem. domains: 4.2.3.5 - Musical instrument.) 2intrans. to beat the drums. Mundipdipu da te mun-ani da. They are sounding the drums for they are harvesting. muN‑/nuN‑.
di₁ lk. 1the di form has an allomorph y that links the existential, demonstrative and adjectival predicates and interrogative pronouns to the other constituents of the clauses. Waday duwan tulang Pedro mu nate da. Pedro had two brothers but they died. Nganney oras di punlukatan nan tendaan yu? What is the hour of the opening of your store? Daanay pangipab-unam hanadan bisitam? Where will you let your visitors sit? 2the di form links a preposed clausal constituent to the predicate and remaining constituents of the clauses. Hi Juan di mangigakod nah ahu. Juan will be the one to tie the dog.
daut trans. to cut open an animal in order to remove internal organs; gut an animal. Iphod mun dauton nan babuy te kal-ina magogod nan putuna ya mibuka nan kinana. Cut open the pig carefully because the intestines might be cut and the food contents spill out. Dauton yu nan gulding. Cut open the goat and remove the internal parts. He-ay manaut nah gulding. You will be the one to cut open the goat. ‑on/‑in‑, maN‑/naN‑. 4A Change the structure of object. (sem. domains: 7.8.3 - Cut, 5.2.1.2 - Steps in food preparation.)
dapudap trans. to grope for something. Dapudapom nan nag-an pihhu. Grope for the money that fell. ‑on/‑in‑. 4B Tactile - Touch contact. (sem. domains: 7.3.4.5 - Actions of the hand.)
dapdapa (infl. of dapa) 1intrans. to grope. Idattan dakah dilag ta adika mundapdapa. I will give you a light so that you won’t have to grope. Deyan mundapdapa hi apum. There is your grandma groping. Deket maid di dilag on mundapdapa ta. When there is no light, we grope in the dark. muN‑/nuN‑. (sem. domains: 7.3.4.1 - Touch.) 2trans. to grope for something. Nganney dapdapa-om? What are you groping for? ‑on/‑in‑.
dalu trans. to spade off the grass on the dike top and slope. Etaku manalu te namahig di holok ya nahalman di utut an pungkakan da nan page. Let’s go to scrape off with a spade because it’s grassy and the rats are eating the rice grains. Daluwan yu nadan banong. Spade off the grasses from the rice field dikes. ‑an/‑in‑ ‑an, maN‑/naN‑. 5B Changing state of site by removal of something. (sem. domains: 6.2.4.1 - Cut grass.)
dadlu trans. to give up hope; to despair; to no longer value life. [This is an emotion that results in certain types of behavior, e.g. abandoning family, selling possessions or taking one’s life.] Indadluwam mo ahan di nitaguwam ta deyan pun-igattang mun am-in di ngunut mu. You don’t value your life anymore and so you are selling everything you have. Indadluwana ot e muntu-un nah pangdo. She lost all hope so she went and jumped from the cliff. i‑ ‑an/iN‑ ‑an. Sim: lakud. (sem. domains: 3.2.7.2 - Hopeless.)
da₂ quan. plural quantifier; co-occurs with demonstratives, nouns and the existential predicate. <Morphology: The quantifier form becomes an enclitic on Set 1 demonstratives and the existential predicate; it becomes a proclitic on Set 2 and Set 3 demonstratives; it stands alone as an independent form when co-occuring with nouns, common and proper.
CV(C)CV intensifier. co-occurs with adjective roots. Andukkedukke nan linubid. The rope is very long.
buy’un sta. bent by wind or by the load on it; to sag; to droop; to hang loosely as a line or rope tied at both ends. Nabyun nan kaiw te hay puwok. The tree was bent by the typhoon. Mabyun tun punhablayyan te madam-ot nan ulon nihable. The clothesline will sag because the blanket that has been hung is so heavy. ma‑/na‑. 6C Process or state of inanimate objects. (sem. domains: 8.5.5 - Spatial relations.)
buwag trans. to uproot plants or trees. Buwagon nan puwok nan tupaya. The storm will uproot the papaya-tree. Bimmoh-olak ke hiya te imme ot ena punbuwag hanadan impatanom lakay ku. I got angry with him because he went and uprooted all those which my husband had planted. Binuwag Jerry hanan abukadu te nakah-nid. Jerry uprooted the avocado because the plants were crowded. Nadan kaiw an tinummol nah natigging ya nalakan mabuwag. The trees that grow on the slope are easily uprooted. Handin immalin nal-ot an udan ya dibdib di gapunah nabuwagan am-in nan intanom kun balat. The cause of the uprooting of all the banana-plants that I planted was the strong rain and wind that came. ‑on/‑in‑, puN‑, ma‑, na‑ ‑an. 4D Release, remove or detach object. (sem. domains: 6.2.4.2 - Uproot plants.)
bulus (sp. var. lubus) 1trans. to set loose; to set free. Ibulus mu nan manuk. Set the chicken loose. Imbulus na nan babuy ot ahina pudupudugon. He set the pig loose, then kept running after it. i‑/iN‑. 3B Move and release object. Sim: buk’a. (sem. domains: 7.3.2 - Move something in a direction.) 2intrans. to set one’s self free. Bumulus nan ahu hin adim ihamad nan gakod na. The dog will set itself free if you do not chain it properly. ‑um‑/‑imm‑. Language Of Borrowing: Ilocano.
bulad trans. to unclench hand; to force-open someone’s clenched hand. Buladom ya- di taklen tun golang te inhabungul nay buuk ku. Please open the child’s hand because he is grasping my hair. Binulad da nan taklen Bugan an ingkawot nah wannon Kabbigat. They unclenched/opened Bugan’s hand which was grasping Kabbigat’s loin cloth. ‑on/‑in‑. 4B Tactile - Touch contact. Sim: balukyad. (sem. domains: 7.3.4.5 - Actions of the hand.)
bukat trans. to open something. Mumbukat hi Juan hi mainum. Juan is opening some drinks. Bumukat kah inumon ta. Open something for us to drink. Binukatana nan kahon ya dakol di pihhuh di. He opened the box and there was much money in it. Bukatan yu nan panto. Open the door. Hi Cora di nangibukat nah panto te uggek dingngol nan kalim. It was Cora who opened the door because I did not hear your voice. Hinaey impumbukat mi nah lata te adi pakabukat hituwen indonak. That was what we used for opening the can because what I am holding cannot open it. Adi mabukatan te nialaddu. It cannot be opened because it is locked. ‑an/‑in‑ ‑an, muN‑/nuN‑, ‑um‑/‑imm‑, mangi‑/nangi‑, impuN‑. 5C Goal oriented sites. Sim: bughul, lukat. (sem. domains: 7.3.6 - Open.)
buk’a 1trans. to set/let loose; to let go; release; to free; to untie. Ibukam nan ahu ta waday innunan mun-adug tuh bale. Release the dog so it can guard the house. Bukaan yu nadan manuk ta mun-ay-ayyam da. Set the chickens free so they can roam around. i‑/iN‑, ‑an/‑in‑ ‑an. 3B Move and release object. Sim: bulus. (sem. domains: 7.2.6.4 - Set free.) 2intrans. an animal frees itself form a pen or from its tethering rope. Numbuka nan nuwang ot ume nah payo. The carabao set itself loose and went to the ricefield. Tibon yu te bumuka nan ahu. Be careful because the dog might free itself.
bughi 1trans. to split or cut open. Bughiyon yu nan putun di nuwang. Cut open the carabao’s stomach. Nihipag di tokona ot mabughiy hubil na. His mouth was hit and his lip was split open. ‑on/‑in‑, ma‑/na‑. 4A Change the structure of object. (sem. domains: 7.8.3 - Cut.) 2sta. to burst open Nabughi nan putun di gulding dih pun-ilagim da. The stomach of the goat burst open when they were singeing it. ma‑/na‑. (sem. domains: 7.8.4 - Tear, rip.)
bud’al 1nom. an exit or opening to go out. Maid di buddalan nan gando. The rat has no exit. ‑an. Sim: buddu, lah-un. 2intrans. to exit; come out; go out. Bumudal kayu ni-an ta liniyan mi tun bale. Go out for a while and we will clean the house. Hinumgop kami nah balen ongal ya ekami bumudal ya hinnatkon di bimmudalan mi. We entered the big house but when we came out we came out from a different exit. ‑um‑/‑imm‑. (sem. domains: 7.2.3.4.1 - Move out.) 3trans. to bring something out. Ibudal mu nan it-ittalum. You bring out what you are hiding. Adiyu ibudal am-in hanan makan te dakol da pay di ugge nangan. Do not bring out all the food because many did not eat yet. Dahdiy nangibudal bo tuh intaluk an otak. Who brought out again this bolo which I had hidden. i‑/iN‑, mangi‑/nangi‑. 3E Move an object directionally. ph. v. bumudal nah hospital
