pitu 1adj. seven. Pitu kamin hintutulang. We are seven brothers and sisters. Pituy toona yaden makangngun-unud ya makabbaddang. He was only seven years old, yet he was obedient and helpful. Number quantifier. 2adj. seventh. Ha-oy di mikapitu. I’m the seventh. mika‑. 3adj. seven times. Naminpitu kan immali. You came seven times. Mamitun pihuy bayad di oha hantudah nungkikbin manuk. Those cooped chickens are worth seven pesos each. maN‑. namin‑. 4adj. seven each. Hinpipituy imbabale mi. We have seven children each. Hinpipituy liblu mi ot ahi kami nuntikod. We each reached seventh grade before we quit. hiN‑ CV‑. 5intrans. to divide into seven parts. Pumpituwom nan tupaya. Divide the papaya into seven pieces. puN‑ ‑on. comp. himpulut pitu der. himpipitu
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piyak intrans. the sound of any baby bird or fowl, e.g. chicks; to peep. Em ipae nadan impa tedeyan pumiyappiyak da. Go and let the chicks loose because they are always peeping. Mumpiyak nan impan dimpap di puha. The chick that the cat caught is peeping. ‑um‑/‑imm‑ CVCV, muN‑/nuN‑. 2D Vocal sounds expressing feeling. (sem. domains: 1.6.4.3 - Animal sounds.) id. mumpiyak nan impam
pohod 1to be valued as good. 1.1sta. to have the property of being good; to meet a standard of something to be desired or something that is favorable for someone; good, beautiful, nice. Maphod tun bulwatin indat da. This dress that they gave you is beautiful. He-ay kapkaphodan hi bale nah tud Kiangan. You have the nicest house in Kiangan. Maphod te immaliy dakol hi lugan ot ume kami. It was good because there were many rides so that we could go. Mabalin bon kalyok an maphod di memory na. I think he probably has a good memory too. ma‑, ka‑ CVC ‑an. 6D Descriptives. (sem. domains: 8.3.7 - Good.) 1.2advpred. to meet an accepted standard of appropriate or good behavior. Mumpohod kayun umbun. You sit properly. muN‑/nuN‑. Evaluative. 2to repair, fix or improve. 2.1trans. to cause something to become good, implies that something is in disrepair or less than good. <Morphology: paka-ip-iphod , superlative, to fix perfectly.
puyok 1comm. mud; soil. Ha-adam hi dagami nan puyok. Place dried rice straw on the mud. Sim: pitok. (sem. domains: 1.2.2.1 - Soil, dirt.) 2sta. to be muddy. Napupuyok nan bulwatina. His clothes were muddied. ma‑/na‑ CV‑.
taddog 1stand up 1.1intrans. to arise to a standing position; to stand up. Tumaddog ta. Let’s stand up. Mun-ay-ayam kamih did dola ya timmaddog on bibiyo nah hinangngab mi, inhumang ku. “We were playing in the yard and a fairy stood in front of us,” I answered. ‑um‑/‑imm‑. 2B, Movement, change of Position. (sem. domains: 7.1.1 - Stand.) 1.2intrans. to be or remain in an upright position; standing. Muntadtaddog da nadan u-unga nah kalata. The children are standing in the street. muN‑/nuN‑ CV(C). 2stand in a specified place. 2.1trans. the place for standing is cross-referenced. Ad dola di taddogan yu. You stand in the yard. Uhup nan tinaddogak hidi an hi nomnom ku ya nanongnan dehdin ang-ang-angok bibiyon deh hinangngab ku. I stood there for a long time while in my mind I could still see the fairy in front of me. ‑an/‑in‑‑an. 5A Changing state of site by adding something. 2.2trans. to stand as a manner of doing something else. Itaddog tan mangan. Let us eat standing up. i‑/iN‑. 3trans. to stand up for something or someone; to defend. Taddogak nan kinalik. I will defend what I said. ‑an/‑in‑ ‑an. (sem. domains: 4.7.5.4 - Defend against accusation.) comp. hintaddog infl. taddogan
tagan advpred. to continue an action; to constantly do an action. Tagan yu. You continue on. Tagatagan day kakakan. They are continuously eating. Itagatagan yuy baag ke hiya gapu te op-opya. You are constantly criticizing him because he is quiet. i‑/iN‑, CV(C)CV‑. Time. (sem. domains: 8.4.7 - Continue, persevere.)
tag-e 1adj. having an extension upward, vertically; high, tall. Atag-e nan alad da. Their fence is high. Nakattag-e nan ek pinaytuk, kinali nahpung tun hukik. The thing I jumped from was very high, that’s why I sprained my ankle. Hidiyen bilid di katagtag-yan hitu. That mountain is the tallest here. a‑/an‑, naka‑ C, ka‑ CV(C) ‑an. Dimension quantifier. ant: akhop; Sim: banawe, tayag. (sem. domains: 8.2.6.3 - High, 8.2.2.2 - Tall.) 2nom. height. Hay kinatag-en di balemi ya umat nah kinatag-en di katagtag-eyan an tagu. The height of our house is like the height of the tallest person. Athituy kinatag-en nan alad an ek pinaytuk. The height of the fence I jumped over was like this. ka‑, kina‑. 3trans. to raise something to a higher position. Itag-em nan page. Lift up the rice-stalks. Itagtag-em nan paul ta paytukok. Raise the stick higher so that I will jump over it. i‑/iN‑. 3A Move and position object at site. (sem. domains: 7.3.2.4 - Lift.) 4sta. to have a high status. Ipadayaw kuy kinatag-em ta inggana. I will honor/praise your inherent high status forever. (referring to God’s status) Natag-e saad tuwen tagu. This person’s rank is high. kina‑, na‑. (sem. domains: 4.5.6.1 - High status.) 5proc. refers to the process of becoming tall. Immongal ka mo gayam ya timmag-e ka pay. You are grown now and have also become tall. der. kinatag-e id. muntag-etag-e infl. atag-e
tagu₁ 1comm. man; human; person. Hay punnomnom hanadan tatagu handih done ya nadan tatagud uwani ya ongal di ugge da nun-ingngohan. The way people long ago thought does not compare at all with the way people of today do. Ambiambilog ya dakkodakkol di tatagu. It is wide and there are plenty of people. Deket kanan nan tagu di humagabi, ipainila na ni-an hi iibana When a man decides to perform the hagabi-ritual, he must first inform all his relatives (sem. domains: 2 - Person.) 2comm. young adult; teenager. <Morphology: kat-agu Inflected form: katagu Inflected form: tumagu Inflected form: tinattaggu
takut 1to be afraid. 1.1intrans. to feel anxiety or dread due to impending danger; afraid. Tumakut hi banig. He is afraid of ghosts. Maid moy udum an Ippangyol an nangipatnan immalin niha-ad ad Kiangan te tumakut da. No other Spaniard ever tried again to come to stay in Kiangan because they were afraid. ‑um‑/‑imm‑. Class 2C, Emotion and sensation. Opp: tulid; Sim: kol-o, kobkob. (sem. domains: 3.4.2.4 - Afraid.) 1.2sta. to be very afraid. Makattakut hi Juan nah ahu. Juan is very afraid of the dog. makaC1‑. 2to fear something. 2.1trans. to fear something with the thing feared cross-referenced by the affix. Takutan di mangalanay ahu. It’s the dog that night prowlers are afraid of. ‑an/‑in‑ ‑an. 2.2trans. to cause someone to feel frightened; the affix cross-references the person who is being frightened. Taktakuton da dakayu ya alan day diyen limmu yu. They will frighten you and get your property. CVC‑ ‑on. 3sta. to be frightening; to have characteristics that cause fear. Katatakut pay an e bumah-el te dakol di talak an muntutun-ud. It is even dangerous (lit. frightening) to cross the street since there are many buses lined up one after the other. kaCV‑. 4comm. refers to the emotion that someone experiences. Adina itikod nan mumbaki te wadanwaday takut na an kumpulmin tiempu ya mate. He doesn’t stop doing the rituals because his fear is that he might die anytime. der. katatakut der. matakutan infl. makattakut
tapuk 1comm. dust. Haniyam nan olong mut adi humgop di tapuk. Cover your nose so that dust will not enter. Sim: dap-ul, hupuk. (sem. domains: 1.2.2.1 - Soil, dirt.) 2sta. to be dusty. Matapukan nan kanom. Your food will be dusty. Taputtapuk ad uwanin tialgo. It is very dusty now, dry season. ma‑ ‑an, CV(C)CV‑. 6D Descriptives. Language Of Borrowing: Ilocano.
tatawa 1to laugh. 1.1intrans. to make vocal sounds expressing mirth or ridicule; to laugh. Tipet tumatawa ka? Why do you laugh? Wada key ustun matataw-an ya komboy dahdi ya tumatawa. If there is something worth laughing at, anybody will laugh. Pimmalakpak kami, timmatawa kami, timmaddog kami ya inumbun kami. We clapped, we laughed, we stood and we sat down. ‑um‑/‑imm‑. Class 2D, Vocal sounds expressing feeling. Sim: gegek, gigi, titit, bog-ak, halekhek, anggak, albuwang. (sem. domains: 3.5.6.4 - Laugh.) 1.2intrans. to be laughing; durative aspect. Muntattatawa da. They are laughing. muN‑/nuN‑, CVC‑ . 1.3intrans. to laugh with intensity. Nakattatawaak. I was laughing very hard. nakaC‑. 2trans. to laugh at someone or something. Tataw-an da nan inat mu. They are laughing at what you’ve done. Tipet katataw-anak? Why do you laugh at me? ‑an/‑in‑ ‑an. 5C Goal-oriented sites. 3comm. laughter. Makadngol di tatawam. Your laughter can really be heard. Nal-ot di tatawa na. He has a boisterous laugh. 4caus. to cause people to laugh. Mangipatatawa ka. You are funny (lit. cause people to laugh). Agam, patatawam di adol mu. Go ahead, make yourself a laughing stock. pa‑, mangipa‑.
tikke (sp. var. tike) 1adj. short, describes a short thing or time; may not refer to a person. Antikkey patanong mu. Your cane is short. Antikkey nitaguwan tuh luta. Life on earth is short. Antiantikken he-a nan bulwatim. Your dress is too short for you. Hituwey katikkeyan. This is the shortest. Antiantikke bo tuwali nan bulwatim ya impaan-antikkem bo. Your dress is very short and you even made it shorter. a‑/aN‑, CVCV‑, ka‑ ‑an. Dimension quantifier. (sem. domains: 8.2.2.1 - Short, not long.) 2trans. to shorten; to become short. Tikkeyom di kalim. Make your speech brief. Tumikke nan linubid hin tagam hi puttut. The rope will become short if you keep on severing it. ‑on/‑in‑, ‑um‑/‑imm‑. 4A Change the structure of object. infl. antikke
tiyad intrans. 1to tiptoe, the manner of walking or standing is prominent. Itiyad nan dumallan te nahbit. He walks on tiptoe because a thorn is stuck in his foot. Itiyad mu ke ya mun-ingngo kayuh kinatag-e. If you stand on tiptoe you will be of the same height. i‑/iN‑. (sem. domains: 7.2.1.1 - Walk.) 2to walk on tiptoe. Muntiyattiyad an dumallan ta adi migibok an wada. He is tiptoeing so that no one will be aware of him. muN‑ CVCV‑. 1A Movement with a manner component.
top’ol (sp. var. ippol) to endure. 1.1trans. to endure physical pain, mistreatment or hardship; to tolerate. <The word may not collocate with words referring to emotions except for the feeling of shame.
tumbuk 1intrans. to gossip. Adika manumtumbuk di adi maphod. Do not gossip about others because it is not good. Tumanumbuk kayu. You keep gossiping. maN‑/naN‑, ‑um‑ ‑an‑. 1C General class. (sem. domains: 3.5.1.8.4 - Gossip.) 2sta. to be a gossip. Makattumbuk ka. You are a gossip. makaC‑. 3rec. to gossip about each other. Munhintutumbuk kayu. You gossip about each other. munhin‑ CV‑. 4trans. to gossip about a particular person or something they did. Makulug man ot tumbukon da boh tuwen inat ku. I am sure that they will gossip about this thing I did. ‑on/‑in‑.
ubun 1to sit. 1.1intrans. to sit down. Umbun ka ni-an ta ek ayagan hi ama. Sit down while I go and call for father. Inumbun da nah luhung ot mummoma da. They sat down on the mortar and chewed betelnut ‑um‑/‑imm‑. 2B Movement, change of position. Sim: halupinnak. (sem. domains: 7.1.2 - Sit.) 1.2intrans. to continue sitting. Aga, mangmangbun kayu pet umeyak. Come on, you all keep sitting while I go. maN‑ CV(C). 2to sit. 2.1trans. the place for sitting is cross-referenced by the affix. Tibom ta adim ubunan nan puha. Be careful not to sit on the cat. ‑an/‑in‑‑an. 2.2advpred. to sit as a manner of doing something else. <Morphophonology: The first vowel is lost, and the initial glottal stop and the second consonant metathesize.
udum₁ trans. 1to add condiments or other food to what is being cooked. Ta mamangulun ipulitu ta deket nage-geengngan hi ittay ne inid-um di amput ya danggu And fry first until it is brown and add garlic and onions. Ne inid-um di sagpaw an tinapa weno sardinas. Then, add tinapa or sardines. i‑/ini‑. 3C Move something and combine it with or attach it with something else. 2to increase; to add to; to include. <Morphology: The maki- prefix expresses a participatory activity; the reduplication expresses the habitual aspect
ukmun 1intrans. to swallow. Mahakit di bagan ku hin umukmunak. My throat is painful when I swallow. Deket e mangan, umukmun ni-an hi mahampot an tubun di holok. Before it eats, it first swallows coarse grass. ‑um‑/‑imm‑. 2E Body and physiological functions. 2trans. to swallow something in particular. Pakaggalgalom on ahim inukmun. Chew it very well before you swallow it. i‑/iN‑. (sem. domains: 5.2.2 - Eat.) 3intrans. to continuously swallow because one is salivating. Mun-uk-ukmun handi tinibonan mangad kamih ugge nal-um an mangga. She was salivating (lit. swallowing) when she saw us eating unripe mangoes. muN‑ CVC‑. id. pakiukmun di dilak
unud 1trans. to follow someone or something. Unudon yu nan gulding ta adi matalak. Follow the goat so that it will not be lost. Inunud kun ya immed Ambabag. I followed him and he went to Ambabag. ‑on/‑in‑. 4F Adjacency/Adjoining actions. (sem. domains: 7.2.5.2 - Follow.) 2trans. to follow the advice of someone; to obey. Unudom di kalyon inam. Follow what your mother says. Adika mangun-unud. You do not obey. Pituy toona yaden makangngun-unud ya makabbaddang. He was only seven years old, yet he was very obedient and helpful. ‑on/‑in‑, maN‑/naN‑. (sem. domains: 4.5.4.1 - Obey.) 3intrans. to be in agreement; to cooperate; to unite. Mun-uunnudan da nadan tatagu kediyen boble. The people in that village are united. muN‑ ‑an/nuN‑ ‑an. (sem. domains: 4.1.5 - Unity.) 4intrans. to imitate; to copy. Iun-unud mu nah inat ku. Imitate what I did. i‑/iN‑ CVC‑. infl. mangun-unud infl. maunud
wadwada-an (der. of wada) exispred. having much of whatever is considered to be wealth; to be rich. Wada nin an wadwada-an da te umat hinay pungkalina. They are probably rich because he talks that way. CV(C)‑ ‑an. (sem. domains: 6.8.1.2 - Rich.)
wingi 1trans. to turn the head to the side. Iwingim ad Lagawe ta tibom an waday dilag da. Turn your head towards Lagawe and see if they have lights. i‑/iN‑. 3G Move body parts directionally. Sim: atuwingwing, liggu, balungango. (sem. domains: 7.1.9 - Move a part of the body.) 2v. to turn the head from side to side. Handi ke ya deket test mi on mahapul an adi kami munwingiwingi. At that time, whenever we had a test, we must not turn our heads from side to side. muN‑/nuN‑ CV(C)CV‑. 3trans. to turn head to see something in particular; this form expresses a purpose for turning the head. <The affix cross-references a goal-object.
