ogon 1intrans. to hold back in doubt and hesitation, often because there is an awareness of a distinction in status. Mun-ogon an kumali te indai ya boknon da. She is hesitant to comment for they might resent it. Mun-ogon an e humgop. She is hesitant to enter. muN‑/nuN‑. 1C General class. Sim: halinduwa. (sem. domains: 3.2.5.6 - Attitude.) 2comm. shame due to lack of status, not because of wrong doing or inappropriate behavior. Maid ogon mun e makikan ke dida. You have no shame to go and eat with them. (How dare you go and eat with them!) (sem. domains: 3.4.2.2.1 - Ashamed.)
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oggan (sp. var. uggan) adv. 1some unspecified times; periodically; now and then; sometimes. Ogganak umeh balen da apu. I sometimes go to my grandparents’ house. Ogganak idatan ke auntie hi pihu. My auntie gives me money now and then. Ogganak muntudok ke hiya. I used to write him now and then. Nate moh apu Casilda ya maid moy oggan mangialih allaman nibayuh puhu. After Grandmother Casilda died, there was no one from that time to bring crabs pounded with banana blossoms. Sim: pinninghan. (sem. domains: 8.4.3 - Indefinite time.) 2unspecified future times, no end time in view; from now on. Adika mo oggan munha-ang te binoggam nan inha-ang mud nakugab. Don’t cook rice anymore because what you cooked yesterday was not cooked well. (sem. domains: 8.4.5 - Relative time.)
odda 1comm. the outer layer of something. Kinaanay oddan di bulwati na. He removed his outer garment. Sim: dakkop. 2trans. to place something over something else, e.g. shirt, cloth, paper, outer garment. Oddaon yu di ulo yu te kotol. Use two blankets because it is cold. Nun-oodda di bulwati na te makaktol. His clothes are placed one on top of the other because he feels very cold. Ioddam nan mahdol an kamahhita. Use the thick shirt for your outer garment. Naodda nan bulwatina. He is wearing two shirts. (lit. one on top of the other) Pun-odahom nan ulom te kotol. Double your blanket because its cold. ‑on//‑in‑, muN‑/nuN‑, i‑/iN‑, ma‑/na‑. (sem. domains: 7.5.2.3 - Add to something, 7.5.9 - Put.) 3trans. (fig) to commit adultery; to take another spouse, adding to the one in place. Itugun kun adim oddahan di inayam. I advise that you shouldn’t take another spouse. (sem. domains: 4.1.9.2.1 - Husband, wife.)
obot advpred. to be no different from someone or something when compared; to be the same in behavior. Kumogakoga nan golang yaden obotna bo nah ong-ongal an ibana. The baby is always crying and the older one was no different. (was also always crying) Comparative. Sim: umat, paddung, ingngo. (sem. domains: 8.3.5.2 - Compare.)
obbo intrans. to follow one another in an action; one after the other. Mun-oobbo kayu bo ahan. Oh! you come and go one after the other. Deya ot an nun-obbo kayun dimmatong. There, you arrived one after the other. muN‑/nuN‑. 1B Movement with a directional component.
oban 1comm. a cloth, shawl or blanket used for carrying children who are strapped on the back or chest area. Wada nan oban nah pikdol. The carrying-shawl is in the corner. (sem. domains: 5.3 - Clothing.) 2trans. to carry a child with blanket. Obanan yu nan golang te uma-aliy hinuyop na. Carry the child in a blanket because he is very sleepy. In-obana nan bayyaung hi nangiobbaana nah golang. He used the bayyaung-blanket to carry the baby. Mun-oban kayu apum ta mahuyop ka mo. Your grandfather will carry you with a blanket and you will sleep. ‑an/‑in‑ ‑an, muN‑/nuN‑, i‑/iN‑. Sim: ulo. (sem. domains: 7.3.1 - Carry.) comp. palat di oban
=o (sp. var. no) interj. pause; these forms are used to give time to a speaker to formulate the rest of his sentence. <The final consonant of the word preceding the pause sound is duplicated as a transitional sound attaching to the vowel ‘o’ as the pause form. The transitional consonant is as varied as the number of final consonants of any word.
o conj. conjoins alternative choices. Mahapul datuwe ten mungkail ka: boga, dayakkot an pummayume, ongngal an banga o palyuk, binokbok ya buhi. These are needed in the making of rice wine: ordinary rice, glutinous rice to be mixed with it, a big pot or vat, native yeast (leaves of the binokbok- plant) and a wine jar. Mahapul an hanan himmagabi ya taganah kolong hi nuwang o babuy ta pihdana nadah deh muyung ya nadan udum an bumadbaddang. The man performing the hagabi-ceremony must go on butchering carabao or pigs to feed the people in the forest and all the others who are helping him. Coordinating conjunctions. Sim: weno. (sem. domains: 9.2.5.2 - Clause conjunctions.)
ngutuwol 1comm. mutter. Ag-agam di ngutuwol mu! My, how you mutter! Sim: mutmut, ngudu, ngalotongot₂, ban-uk. 2intrans. to mumble; murmur or grumble in protest. Mungngutuwol handi binaal da gumattang. She was grumbling when they sent her to buy. Mungngutuwol te binoh-olan inana. She is murmuring because she was scolded by her mother. muN‑/nuN‑. (sem. domains: 3.5.1.8.5 - Complain.)
ngupu 1trans. to consume; to use up. Gagalan mangpu nan sabun hin miuupol. The soap will be consumed faster if it is being soaked. Deyan mungkangpu din itungu. There, the firewood is about to be consumed. Adim ngupuwon di pihu. Do not use all (lit. consume) your money. ‑on/‑in‑, ma‑/na‑, mungka‑. (sem. domains: 6.8.4.7 - Spend.) 2comm. (sec) the butt of a cigar or cigarette. Iwelem nan ngupum te mun-agub. Throw away your butt because it smells. id. ngupuwon di pihu
ngudu 1intrans. to complain. Namahig di nguduna. She complains so much. An mungngudu ka? Are you complaining? muN‑/nuN‑. 1C General class. Sim: mutmut, ngutuwol, ngalotongot₂, ban-uk. (sem. domains: 3.5.1.8.5 - Complain.) 2trans. to complain about someone or something. Adi taku nguduwan di ap-apu dida. Let us not murmur against the authorities. ‑an/‑in‑ ‑an.
ngiyo₁ 1comm. refers to a lung disease such as tuberculosis or asthma; the main meaning component relates to having breathing problems. Wady dogonan ngiyo. She is sick with asthma. Sim: tibi₁, yaki. (sem. domains: 2.5.1 - Sick, 2.5.2 - Disease.) 2intrans. to have breathing difficulty, such as episodes of asthma. Waday imbabaleyok an mungngiyo. I have a niece who has asthma. muN‑/nuN‑.
ngitit (sp. var. ngetet) 1adj. dark color such as black; dark complexion. Anakkayang di ngitit nan Negro. My, how dark-complexioned the Negro is. Ag-agam boy ngitit Pablo. My, how dark-complexioned Pablo is. Qualifier. (sem. domains: 8.3.3.3 - Color.) 2proc. to be or become dark or black. Mangitit di bulwatina te nateh Amana. Her dress is black because her father died. Ngumitit ka hin mipmiptang ka. You will become dark if you stay under the sun. ma‑, ‑um‑/‑imm‑. infl. mangitit
ngina₁ 1sta. to be expensive; to have a high price. Nguminay bulhe te o-oha. Beans will become expensive because there are few. Nanginay igattang dan abono. The fertilizer they are selling is expensive. Nakanginay migattang ad uwani. What is sold is very expensive now. na‑, ‑um/‑imm‑‑, naka‑. (sem. domains: 8.3.7.9 - Value.) 2trans. to increase the price of something, making it expensive. Inginanay igattang dan boga. He will increase the price of the rice they are selling. i‑/iN‑. id. nanginay imi na.
ngelak (sp. var. ngilak) 1comm. the yelp of a dog. Dingngol miy ngelak di ahu handi hilong mu ugge kami bimmuddu. We heard a dog yelp last night but we did not go out. (sem. domains: 2.3.2.2 - Sound.) 2intrans. for a dog to yelp. Mumbutikak an ek tinibo antipet mungngelak nan ahuk. I ran to see why my dog was yelping. muN‑/nuN‑. 3intrans. the continuous crying of a child. Mungngelak nan golang te naagangan. The child is crying continuously because it is hungry. Ngumelak nan golang hin adiyu indat painuman. The child will cry if you do not nurse it. muN‑/nuN‑, ‑um‑/‑imm‑.
nganga comm. unclear speech; can produce sounds, but can’t pronounce words correctly; to be dumb, i.e. inability to speak. Adi maawatan di pinhod na te nanganga. One can’t understand what he wants because he can’t talk properly. Ya hin kananat manganga ta adi pakakalit maid di innunan mumbaki And if he cannot speak, then there is no one who can say the rituals and prayers. ma‑/na‑. Class 6A Physiological Process - State. (sem. domains: 2.5.4.4 - Mute.)
nganneh diye (comp. of nganne) 1ind. refers to whatever is not clearly defined or stated. Mu ditakun mangulug di nangipainilaan nan Espiritun Apu Dios kediye te inila nan am-in nganneh diyen wadah nomnom Apu Dios. (1Corinth 2:10) But as for us believers, the Spirit of God makes that known to us because he knows all of whatever is in the mind of God. (sem. domains: 9.2.3.2 - Indefinite pronouns.) 2int. what is that; the question is asked about something that is distant from both speaker and hearer or related to a third party. Nganneh diyen balen kapyaon yun kiha-adak? (Acts 7:49b) What is that house that you will build for me to live in? (sem. domains: 9.2.3.4 - Question words.)
ngalotongot₂ intrans. inarticulate murmuring, words cannot be understood; often done when complaining or because one is annoyed. Mungngalotongot handi uggeda indatan hi pihhu. He was murmuring when they did not give him any money. muN‑/nuN‑. 1D Sounds. Sim: mutmut, ngutuwol, ngudu, ban-uk. (sem. domains: 3.5.1.8.5 - Complain.)
ngalodngod 1comm. disease of plants resulting in withering; refers to parts of root vegetables which are inedible because of blighting. Sim: galo, bun-o, bilok. (sem. domains: 6.2.1.2 - Growing roots.) 2intrans. for a plant to become diseased. Manganak hi aba ya mungngangalodngod nah iwit na ot iwelek. I was eating taro and the tail part was blighted so I threw it away. muN‑ CVC‑.
