Search results for "iN-"

gagala (fr. var. galgala) 1advpred. may refer to the speed with which something is done, i.e. quickly, or a short duration of time; soon. Gagalay pangapyaan Fely hi cookies. Fely makes cookies quickly. Gagala ya nap-uy makan. Soon the food was gone. Gagala ya dimmatong da nah balen nan inaona. Soon they arrived at Aunt Magappid’s house. Time. Sim: alittu; Sim: galgala. (sem. domains: 8.4.8 - Speed.) 2to hurry. 2.1advpred. to hurriedly do something; do something with haste. <The action is cross-referenced by the affix on the adverbial predicate.> Galgal-am ta magibbu. Hurry it (the thing being done) so that it will be finished. Tipet galagalaam an mangan? Why do you eat so fast? (hurriedly) Gal-am an ume. Hurry and go. ‑an/‑in‑ ‑an. (sem. domains: 8.4.2 - Take time.) 2.2advpred. the information focus is on the hurried manner rather than the action that is modified. Inggagalanan in-e. He hurriedly brought it. i‑ ‑an/iN‑ ‑an. 2.3intrans. the information focus is on the person hurrying. the agent-subject is cross-referenced by the affix.. <The agent-subject is cross-referenced by the affix. on the adverbial predicate.> Tipet eka gumalagala? Why are you hurrying? Kanan Josey “Tipe eka munggagalan manayyu?” Jose said “Why are you hurriedly going down?” ‑um‑/‑imm‑; muN‑/nuN‑.

gabyon 1comm. hoe. Nan gabyon di pun-amung mu nah lugit. Use the hoe to gather the dirt. (sem. domains: 6.2.8 - Agricultural tool.) 2intrans. to use a hoe to break up ground. Munggabyon da nah garden Juan ad uwani. They are hoeing in the garden of Juan today. muN-/nuN-. 3trans. to hoe a particular piece of ground. Gabyonon da nan ginatangan Pedro. They will hoe the land Pedro bought. -on/-in-. Language Of Borrowing: Ilocano.

dolong 1comm. the fluid excreted by a decomposing corpse. Makahammuy nan dolong na. The corpse’s fluid is very smelly. (sem. domains: 2.2 - Body functions.) 2intrans. for a decomposing corpse to excrete fluid. Mundodolong nan in-abbanan nate. The corpse that he was carrying was excreting body fluids. muN‑/nuN‑.

dolog 1comm. fish, generic; mudfish; found in rice paddies, rivers and small lakes. Nadandani on in-ohnong na ta ang-angona nadan oggan tumul-un dolog nah liting. From time to time, Bugan would stop walking and look at the fish that came to the surface of the water. spec: yuyu, dalit. (sem. domains: 1.6.1.5 - Fish.) 2trans. to catch fish. Eda manlog nah payon Bugan. They are going to catch fish in Bugan's field. maN‑/naN‑. 3trans. to have fish in pond or ricefield; to place fish into pond or ricefield. Nadlogan di payomi. Our rice field has mudfish in it. Dologan yu nan payoyu. Place mudfish in your ricefield. ma‑ ‑an/na‑ ‑an, ‑an/‑in‑ ‑an.

din-ong 1intrans. to be quiet; to be calm; stillness, to abstain from movement or noise. Dumin-ong kayun u-unga. You children, keep quiet. Dimmin-ong da moy u-unga. The children are already quiet. Mundin-ong kayu ta donglon taku nan pungkalin da. Be quiet so that we can hear what they are saying. ‑um‑/‑imm‑, muN‑/nuN‑. 2H General class. (sem. domains: 4.3 - Behavior.) 2trans. to bring about quietness, calmness. Idin-ong mu nan at-attom. Stop what you are doing. i‑/iN‑.

dikhal split wood. 1.1trans. to split wood. Dikhalon yu nan udyo. Split the narra-wood. Dinikhal na nan ongal an kaiw. He split the big log. ‑on/‑in‑. 4A Change structure of object. Sim: giha, gihgi, potw’ak. (sem. domains: 7.8.3 - Cut.) 1.2trans. to split with a component of manner, place, or instrument in view. Idikhal mu nah dola. Split the wood in the yard. i‑/iN‑. 1.3trans. to split wood with a durative activity in view. Mundikhal hi Jose hi itungu. Jose is splitting firewood. muN‑/nuN‑. 1.4trans. to split wood involving a partitive component, i.e. split a limited amount; some. Dumikhal kah itungun da apum. Split some wood for your grandparents’ firewood. ‑um‑/‑imm‑. 1.5trans. to split wood with the component of contrasting the agent with others. <Morphophonology: The final consonant of the prefix maN- assimilates to the point of articulation of the initial consonant of the root, and then, reduces that consonant.> Manikhal ka. You split wood. maN‑/naN‑. 1.6trans. to split wood for a beneficiary. Indikhalan Juan nan nain-ina. Juan split wood for the old woman. i‑ ‑an/iN‑ ‑an. 1.7pass. refers to wood that will be split or has been split. Nadikhal ke nan kaiw ya mahapul an ihap-e. When the wood is split, we will have to dry it. ma‑/na‑.

diggal 1comm. mirror; window-glass. Adik mahapul di diggal te hiya damdaman manighigay angak. I don’t need a mirror because it’s obvious that my face is ugly. (sem. domains: 2.3.1.7 - Reflect, mirror.) 2intrans. to look in the mirror. Mundiggal ka ta ang-angom nan uling hi tamel mu. Look at your face in the mirror so you will see the soot on your cheek. muN‑/nuN‑. 3trans. to look in a mirror at something in particular. Idiggal mu nan angam. Look at your face in the mirror. i‑/iN‑. 4comm. eyeglasses. Ingkapyaan dah diggal na. They made him a pair of glasses. 4.1trans. to use eyeglasses. Diggalom nan immeh matana. Use your eyeglasses in looking at the thing in her eye. -on/-in-.

daya₃ comm. west: upstream region; a dwelling place of gods. Malin-ob di potang ad daya. The sun goes down in the west. Sim: kalimuwan di algo. (sem. domains: 4.9.8 - Religious things.)

dapping (sp. var. daping; sp. var. dappeng) intrans. 1to stagger; reel from side-to-side. Mundappingan an nagawid te nabutong. He was staggering when he went home because he was drunk. Tipet mundappingan ka, kon nabutong ka? Why are you staggering, are you drunk? muN‑ ‑an/nuN‑ ‑an. (sem. domains: 7.2.2.8 - Move back and forth.) 2to stumble Nidaping ot miwele nan in-agtu na. He stumbled against me and what he was carrying on his head was thrown off. Mungkidaping muden mange. He was stumbling yet he proceeded. mi‑/ni‑, mungki‑.

dappil 1comm. twins; may also refer to fruit, vegetables and nuts which have two grown together. Naka-ingngoy anga da te dappil da. Their faces are identical because they are twins. (sem. domains: 8.1.1.5 - Numbered group.) 2intrans. to have twins or to be twin-like. Mundappil nan intungo na handi toon. She gave birth to twins last year. Nundappil nan balat. The banana was twin-like. muN‑/nuN‑.

dang-o₁ sta. to be spoiled, refers to food. Nadang-o nan ihda an in-ali da. The viand they brought was spoiled. Mungkadang-o nan nihaad nah banga. The food in the pot is becoming spoiled. ma‑/na‑, mungka‑. 6C Process or state of inanimate objects. Sim: bulok. (sem. domains: 5.2 - Food, 8.3.7.8 - Decay.)

dalluyun comm. the waves of the sea or ocean. [There are no bodies of water in the Ifugao area that have waves. The current or movement of water is called kibyayung.] Ongal di dalluyun nah baybay ad uwani. The waves in the sea are big now. Katatakut hin-uddum nan dalluyun te alan dita. The waves are at times fearful for they tend to carry one. Sim: kibyayong. (sem. domains: 1.3.2 - Movement of water.)

Daggana (dagga) prop. the bottomless sub-layer of the underworld; the Beyond Place. In-en Kabbigat nan numbakiyana nah Daggana. Kabbigat (a supernatural being) took sacrificed-meat to Daggana. (sem. domains: 1 - Universe, creation.)

dadiye demonstrative. the plural form of the Set 3; those over there (away from speaker and listener); anaphoric (back reference) in text. Dadiye nan in-alik an page. Those over there are the palay I brought. Dadiye ya abuy Ippangyol an niha-ad ad Kiangan. So those were the only Spaniards who came to Kiangan. Inilam met an sigud an adik pinhod dadiye. You know also that I don’t like those. Binungbungan dan am-in dadiyen babatu. They blasted all those rocks using dynamite. (sem. domains: 9.2.3.5 - Demonstrative pronouns.) der. dadiyey n. ph. ke dadiye

da₂ quan. plural quantifier; co-occurs with demonstratives, nouns and the existential predicate. <Morphology: The quantifier form becomes an enclitic on Set 1 demonstratives and the existential predicate; it becomes a proclitic on Set 2 and Set 3 demonstratives; it stands alone as an independent form when co-occuring with nouns, common and proper.> Maid ke handidan aammod an kimmalikali an kanan day matongaal tan mun-itkul ya wada ot an ohaak damdama hanadah natag-ey adal na. If it hadn’t been for those old folks who kept discouraging me and saying that studying is distracting and has no value, I could have been one of those highly educated now. Wada da Apu Paredes ya Datumanung nah stage ya Sir Paredes and Sir Datumanung were on the stage together Loktat bo kaya ya wadaday inin-innilak an gagayyum ku. Then, I met some people who became my friends. Ingonay kay da gugutul di tatagu ten mundaldallanan ka nah kalata. You are compared to ants when you are walking along the road. Dakamin da Bugan ke da Kabbigat ya hi Hinayyup di nungkukuyyug. We were together with the group of Bugan, Kabbigat and Hinayyup. Daan da nan iibbam? Where are your companions? (sem. domains: 8.1.1 - Number.) comp. dayyada

CV(C)CV-₂ asp. 1this aspectual reduplicant encodes an habitual or constant aspect. Matukatukal ka an e makitugatugal te mapat-al ya hilong di puntutugalan yu. You are always awake to join in gambling because your gambling goes on day and night. Adina itikod nan mumbaki te wadanwaday takut na an kumpulmin tiempu ya mate. He does not stop doing the rituals because his fear would be constant that he might die anytime. Wadan ustu moy bidbibidbid hi novels I think it’s time to put away the constant reading of novels (sem. domains: 8.4.2 - Take time.) 2to do something continuously over a durative period of time. Tobatbalona diday bagol ya aammod ta dumalay-up da ta hay idatong di hagabi ya maphod dan am-in an hin-am-a ya ta dumakol di babuy da ya manuk da. He continuously calls on the gods and his ancestors to witness the arrival of his hagabi-bench so that with its arrival, it will bring along good health for his family and the increase (become many) of their pigs and chickens. Ume bo kanu nah tap-on di wa-el nah ho- alak ya wadaday ngubungubun mangabat da. He went to the place above the creek in the er...irrigation ditch and there were voices continuously mumbling.

CV(C)₁ asp. 1the reduplication of the first syllable, either CV or CVC, of a verbal root is the morpheme form that encodes the continuative aspect; this aspect expresses a single, uninterrupted continuing activity; continue. Kabigabigat on nangin-innum da ya nunhahamul da nah muyung. Every day these men continue to feast and drink in the forest. Idihhan ta hin mungngangala da ta adi dita donglon ke dida. We will coincide it with when they are continuously noisy so they will not hear us. Maanlaanak an mundawdaw-en nah bungana on kinkinnan ku. I enjoyed continuing to pick and eat the fruit. Munhaghaggeyak te nikudliyak. I am limping because I slipped. Ot matatpuuk da nah puhung, mundopdoppap dah di. Then, they splashed into the pool, continuing to grapple there. 2expresses a continuative time aspect when co-occuring with roots that have an inherent punctiliar time aspect, but have been derived to have a durative time aspect with the prefix set muN-/nuN-. Mumpaypaytuk ya mungkuli te hidiyey pinghanan ena nakidilagan hi allama. She jumped and screamed because it was the first time she went to catch crabs with a torch. Ek ang-angon, munhidhid-ipak te nahilong ya- maid hi Lammooy I went to see, I was straining my eyes because it was dark, Lammooy was not around Nuntadtaddog kamin mundongdongngol hi kalkalyon nan mittulu. We were continuously standing as we were listening to the speech of the teacher. (sem. domains: 8.4.6.1.3 - End.)

C1 this form symbolizes the gemination of the first consonant of the root word; when it co-occurs with the prefix paka-, it intensifies the ability of the agent-subject to perform something very well or completely. Dimmin-ong ta pakaddonglona ya impidwanan bon pimmalak an palak di babai. He was quiet so that he could carefully listen and the groan of a woman was repeated. Sim: pakaC1-.

Bugan 1prop. a woman’s name, one of the most popular Ifugao names. [In the hudhud, the main heroine is usually Bugan, wife of Aliguyon.] Ha-on hi Bugan an in-Aliguyon. I am Bugan, wife of Aliguyon. (sem. domains: 9.7.1 - Name of a person.) 2prop. the daughter of the Skyworld god, Wigan, who with her brother, Kabbigat, produced the first Ifugao. [father was Wigan] (sem. domains: 4.9.2 - Supernatural being.) 3comm. in traditional speech and oral literature, the name may simply be used to refer to a woman.

botak trans. to lie-in-wait; to attack unexpectedly from a hidden position. Dehdih Juan an od-odnanay otak an botakonah Pedro. Juan is there with a bolo lying in wait for Pedro. Adika ot maohhan ume te wada man kanu on mangalanan mumbotak nah dalan. Don’t go by yourself because they say that someone who is seeking revenge is going to ambush you. ‑on/‑in‑, muN‑/nuN‑. 4B Tactile - Touch contact. Sim: bolaad. (sem. domains: 4.8.2.3.1 - Ambush.)

bongenge sta. to be injured. In-edah hospital nan nabongnge te nag-ah duki. They took to the hospital the one who was injured because he fell from a cliff. ma‑/na‑. Sim: liput, sugat. (sem. domains: 2.5.3 - Injure.)

bollang intrans. to remove from the carrying blanket; take off the carrying blanket. Bollangom mo nan in-abbam. Take the one you are carrying off your back. Bollangom nan in-abbam te nable ka. Remove the child you are carrying in the blanket because you are tired. ‑on/‑in‑. (sem. domains: 7.3.2.7 - Take something out of something.)

bolaad intrans. to lie-in-wait; to ambush. Restrictions: Hudhud epic. Binolaad Aliguyon hi Guminiggin. Aliguyun lay in wait and ambushed Guminnigin. ‑in‑. Sim: botak. (sem. domains: 4.8.2.3.1 - Ambush.)

bola₂ 1proc. to become faded or whitish. Inad-adak nan duyu ya binumla. I scrubbed the plate and it became white. Bumla ka hin adika mimiptang. You will became fair if you do not spend time in the sun. Binumla nan balbalana te in-upol na. The clothes she washed became white because she soaked them. ‑um‑/‑inum‑. 2G Processes. Sim: bayak. (sem. domains: 8.3.3.3 - Color.) 2intrans. refers to something that is white or has become white. Mumbobola nan imbulwati na. She wore a white dress. Mumbobola nan imbalbal na. That which she laundered is whitish. muN‑ CV‑. der. mabla

bok’a 1comm. tool to dig tubers; a metal rod pointed at one end, flat at the other end; original was made of coffee wood which was heated over a fire to harden it. Alam nan boka ta eta mumbokah gattuk nah habal. Get the digging tool and we will go to dig some sweet potatoes in the swidden plot. Sim: baw’ok. 2intrans. to dig with tool. Bumoka kah hin-latan gattuk. Dig a can of sweet potatoes. Eka mumboka ad uwani gattuk. Go and gather sweet potatoes now. muN‑/nuN‑, ‑um‑/‑imm‑. (sem. domains: 6.2 - Agriculture.) 3trans. to dig all root vegetables. Ibaam hi inam ta eyu bokaan nan habal. Accompany your mother to dig all of the tubers in the swidden plot. ‑an/‑in‑ ‑an.