Search results for "hadaj"

hadaj n. eye œil (14 groups, 37 languages) B syn: tsɨ ʸ.
The initial *h in this root is retained in Proto-Daba, Proto-Mofu and Proto-Gidar. In several groups, the presence of an initial vowel indicates that an initial consonant has been lost, giving support to the reconstruction of *h. There was a regular change *d→r in intervocalic position in the North sub-branch. There are two exceptions: Proto-Daba has *r although it is in the South sub-branch, and Proto-Mandara has *d where we would expect *r. There is a subsequent regular change *r→l in Proto-Margi, Moloko and Buduma, and an unestablished change *r→ɗ in Mbuko. There was also the unestablished change *d→t in Proto-Tera. In many cases the final *j has been vocalised, a common sporadic process.

1Proto-Bata *dɨj eye oeil 1.1) Bata (Boyd) dìto eye 1.2) Sharwa (Gravina) di oeil, yeux 1.2.1) Sharwa (Gravina) di visage 1.3) Tsuvan (Johnston) adəŋ les yeux

2Proto-Daba *hɨrɨj eye oeil 2.1) Daba (Lienhard) hə̀rāʼ les yeux 2.2) MazagwayHidi (Noussi) rija oeil

3Proto-Mafa *daj eye oeil 3.1) Mafa (Barreteau) daj oeil 3.2) Cuvok (Gravina) ⁿdej face visage 3.2.1) Cuvok (Gravina) ⁿdej eye œil

4Proto-Tera *jɨtɨ eye oeil 4.1) Tera (Newman) jitə eye 4.2) Nyimatli (Harley) jiti eye

5Proto-Hurza *araj eye oeil 5.1) Mbuko (Gravina) iɗe eye oeil, yeux 5.1.1) Mbuko (Gravina) iɗe face visage 5.2) Vame (Kinnaird) āráj eye oeil

6Proto-Margi *li eye oeil 6.1) Margi (Hoffman) li eye 6.2) Margi South (Harley) li eye 6.3) Kilba (Schuh) li eye

7Proto-Mandara *di eye oeil 7.1) Matal (Branger) jawdi, jewdi, jewdəj eye oeil 7.2) Podoko (Swackhammer) de,-i oeil 7.3) Dghwede (Frick) ⁿde eye

8Proto-Mofu *haraj eye oeil 8.1) Ouldeme (Kinnaird) ārāj eye oeil; oeil ; vision 8.2) Muyang (Smith) eri eye ; face ; share ; miserly œil; les yeux; visage; part 8.3) Mada (Nkoumou) èrè oeil 8.4) Moloko (Friesen) ele eye oeil 8.5) Zulgo (Haller) aré oeil m., yeux m.pl. 8.5.1) Zulgo (Haller) are oeil m., yeux m.pl. 8.6) Gemzek (Sabatai) ere eye œil 8.7) Merey (Gravina) ɗəre eye œil 8.8) Dugwor (Jubumna) re eye œil 8.9) Proto-Mofu Subgroup *daj ʸ eye oeil 8.10) Mofu North (Barreteau) dej eye oeil 8.11) Mofu-Gudur (Hollingsworth) dej eye oeil ; vue 8.11.1) Mofu-Gudur (Hollingsworth) dej face, likeness figure, visage

9Proto-Maroua *araj eye oeil 9.1) Giziga Marva (Hamidou) re eye œil 9.2) Mbazla (Tourneux) ʼaraj yeux, œil 9.2.1) Mbazla (SILSurvey) àráj eye oeil

10Proto-Lamang *iri eye oeil 10.1) Lamang (Wolff) ílí eye 10.1.1) Lamang (Wolff) íl eyes 10.2) Hdi (Bramlett) iri eye l'oeil

11Proto-Kotoko Island *jɨl eye oeil 11.1) Buduma (McKone) jəl oeil, yeux.

12Proto-Kotoko South *are eye oeil 12.1) Zina (Odden) ìrì eye œil 12.2) Mazera (Allison) ade eye œil

13Proto-Musgum *araj eye oeil 13.1) Vulum (Tourneux) araj yeux 13.2) Mbara (Tourneux) ree eyes yeux 13.2.1) Mbara (Tourneux) ree face

14Proto-Gidar *hara eye oeil 14.1) Gidar (Schuh) hara/a oeil 14.2) Gidar (Hungerford) hara oeil
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tsɨ ʸ nm. eye oeil (8 groups, 20 languages) B syn: hadaj.
This root is less common than *hadaj, which has also been reconstructed for Proto-Chadic. However, it is still extremely widely attested. The *ts has become voiced in Proto-Bata and Proto-Daba, which is an irregular process, and has the regular reflex *s in Sukur and Proto-Kotoko Centre, along with several of the Kotoko North languages. The evidence for the palatalisation prosody is consistent.

1Proto-Bata *dzɨ ʸ eye oeil 1.1) Jimi (Djibi) dʒən Oeil

2Proto-Daba *ⁿdza ʸ eye oeil 2.1) Buwal (Viljoen) ⁿdʒe eye œil 2.2) Gavar (Viljoen) ⁿdʒɑ eye œil 2.3) Mbudum (Ndokobaï) ᵐbu ⁿdʒe eye œil 2.3.1) Mbudum (Ndokobaï) ⁿdʒe face visage

3Proto-Sukur *is eye oeil 3.1) Sukur (David) is eye 3.2) Sukur (Thomas) ʼis eye; the two organs on the face that you see with.

4Proto-Margi *ntsa ʸ eye oeil 4.1) Bura (Blench) ntʃa Eye

5Proto-Mandara *jɨtsa ʸ eye oeil 5.1) Mandara (Fluckiger) itʃa oeil (m) 5.2) Malgwa (Löhr) iitʃe eye 5.3) Glavda (Owens) eye 5.3.1) Glavda (Owens) eye

6Proto-Higi *ntsʲɨ eye oeil 6.1) Kamwe-Nkafa (Harley) ntsə eye 6.2) Kamwe-Futu (Harley) ntsi eye 6.3) Kirya (Blench) ntʃí eye 6.4) Psikye (Angelo) nʃi eyes 6.4.1) Psikye (Angelo) hsú eyes 6.5) Bana (Lienhard) m(ə̀)tsə́ oeil

7Proto-Kotoko North *tsɨ eye oeil 7.1) Afade (Allison) tsɨ eye œil 7.2) Mpade (Allison) sɨ́ eye œil 7.3) Malgbe (Allison) eye œil 7.4) Maltam (Allison) eye œil

8Proto-Kotoko Centre *sɨ eye oeil 8.1) Lagwan (Allison) eye œil 8.2) Mser (Allison) eye œil
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