Search results for "hʷaⁿdav"

hʷaⁿdav n. hare lièvre (7 groups, 16 languages) A syn: vida.
There are two widespread roots for 'hare', with the other being *vidɨ. These roots are possibly cognate, though it is not clear how these two forms could have come about. The *hʷ has been lost in many languages, leaving /w/ in Mafa and several Mofu group languages, and a back vowel in Ouldeme and Mbara. In many cases /m/ has been prefixed to the root to compensate. This is one of only three roots where *ⁿd has been reconstructed. In Musgum the *ⁿd has the reflex /d/. *v has the reflex *f in Proto-Maroua. These are unestablished changes.

1Proto-Daba *maⁿdavan hare lièvre 1.1) Buwal (Viljoen) mɑⁿdəvɑn hare lièvre 1.2) Gavar (Viljoen) mɑⁿdəvɑn hare lièvre 1.3) Mbudum (Ndokobaï) məⁿdeveŋ hare lièvre 1.4) Daba (Lienhard) māⁿdàvə̄n le lapin, le lièvre

2Proto-Mafa *waⁿdav hare lièvre 2.1) Mafa (Barreteau) wáⁿdáv lièvre

3Proto-Hurza *ⁿdɨvan ʸ hare lièvre 3.1) Vame (Kinnaird) ⁿdìvèŋ rabbit ; hare lapin ; lièvre

4Proto-Mofu *hʷaⁿdav hare lièvre 4.1) Ouldeme (Kinnaird) ādāvò hare lièvre 4.2) Zulgo (Haller) hə́ⁿdáv lièvre m. 4.3) Merey (Gravina) waⁿdav hare lièvre 4.4) Dugwor (Jubumna) waⁿdav hare lièvre 4.5) Mofu North (Barreteau) wáⁿdáv lapin 4.6) Mofu-Gudur (Hollingsworth) hʷaⁿdav-ŋgʷa Lapin d'Afrique 4.6.1) Mofu-Gudur (Hollingsworth) hʷaⁿdav ᵑga palah Lièvre à oreilles de lapin 4.6.2) Mofu-Gudur (Hollingsworth) hʷaⁿdav lapin (nom gén.)

5Proto-Maroua *maⁿdaf hare lièvre 5.1) Giziga Moutourwa (Michielan) maⁿdaf lapin, lièvre (567,577,578) 5.2) Giziga Marva (Hamidou) maⁿdaf hare lièvre

6Proto-Musgum *mudivaj hare lièvre 6.1) Mbara (Tourneux) mudivaj hare lièvre

7Proto-Gidar *maⁿdava hare lièvre 7.1) Gidar (Schuh) maⁿdava/a lapin 7.2) Gidar (Hungerford) maⁿdava lièvre, lapin
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vida nf. hare lièvre (6 groups, 16 languages) C syn: hʷaⁿdav.
This is one of two possibly related roots for 'hare', the other being *hʷaⁿdav. There was a regular intervocalic change *d→r in the North sub-branch, and there were subsequent regular changes *r→l in various languages. However, these changes do not account for all the surface forms. In particular, the Margi form appears cognate but does not conform with established rules. There is no known rule that would predict the presence of *p as the initial consonant. There is good evidence for *i from all groups, though in Sukur /i/ would be expected rather than the palatalisation prosody.

1Proto-Bata *vidɨ hare lièvre 1.1) Gude (Hoskinson) pítjá rabbit, hare lièvre 1.2) Jimi (Djibi) vidən Lapin 1.3) Tsuvan (Johnston) vitikən le lapin

2Proto-Sukur *vila hare lièvre 2.1) Sukur (David) vəlja hare lièvre 2.2) Sukur (Thomas) vilja hare

3Proto-Margi *pita hare lièvre 3.1) Bura (Blench) pti Hare or rabbit lièvre 3.2) Margi (Hoffman) pitə rabbit lièvre 3.3) Margi South (Harley) pitu rabbit lièvre 3.4) Kilba (Schuh) pita hare

4Proto-Mandara *vida hare lièvre 4.1) Podoko (Swackhammer) víra,-a lapin 4.2) Mandara (Fluckiger) navíré lapin (m), lièvre (m) 4.3) Malgwa (Löhr) naviira ŋa hare lièvre 4.3.1) Malgwa (Löhr) naviire hare, wild lièvre 4.4) Glavda (Owens) vii hare lièvre 4.4.1) Glavda (Nghagyiva) vìːda hare lièvre

5Proto-Lamang *vila hare lièvre 5.1) Hdi (Bramlett) vilakʷ hare, rabbit le lièvre, le lapin

6Proto-Higi *vira hare lièvre 6.1) Kamwe-Futu (Harley) vira hare lièvre 6.2) Kirya (Blench) pítə̀ hare, rabbit lièvre 6.3) Bana (Lienhard) v(ə̀)lè lapin
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