Search results for "kʷɨm"

ɣʷɨmɨɗ ʸ n. beard barbe (9 groups, 14 languages) B
The final *ɗ under palatalisation is realised as *j in almost all cases, which is a regular change. This has then been vocalised in Proto-Margi and Proto-Mandara. The palatalisation prosody is retained only in Gidar. *ɣʷ has a wide range of reflexes, as expected.

1Proto-Sukur *ɣɨmaj beard barbe 1.1) Sukur (David) ɣəmaj beard 1.2) Sukur (Thomas) ɣəmai beard:-is a hait that grown on the chin of a man;s mouth.

2Proto-Hurza *hɨmaj beard barbe 2.1) Mbuko (Gravina) həmaj beard barbe (f) (homme, bouc)

3Proto-Margi *kʷɨmi beard barbe 3.1) Bura (Blench) kùmí Beard 3.1.1) Bura (Blench) ʃíʃí kùmí Beard (on chin)

4Proto-Mandara *ɣʷɨmi beard barbe 4.1) Matal (Branger) agʷaj, agoj beard barbe 4.2) Podoko (Swackhammer) mume,-i barbe 4.3) Mandara (Fluckiger) uma barbe (f) 4.4) Malgwa (Löhr) kuuma, uuma beard

5Proto-Mofu *hɨmaj beard barbe 5.1) Ouldeme (Kinnaird) màmáj beard barbe 5.2) Gemzek (Sabatai) həma beard barbe

6Proto-Maroua *hɨmɨŋ ʷ beard barbe 6.1) Giziga Moutourwa (Michielan) hummuŋ barbe touffue

7Proto-Lamang *ɣʷɨmaj beard barbe 7.1) Hdi (Bramlett) ɣumaj chin, goatee le menton, la barbe

8Proto-Higi *ɣʷɨmiɗ beard barbe 8.1) Kamwe-Futu (Harley) ɣuɓe beard 8.2) Kirya (Blench) ɣùmí beard

9Proto-Gidar *aᵑgama ʸ beard barbe 9.1) Gidar (Hungerford) eᵑgeme barbe 9.2) Gidar (Schuh) aᵑgeme barbe
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kʷɨhɨm n. mouse souris (8 groups, 21 languages) A syn: katakam, kʷɨsɨm.
This root is cognate with *kʷɨsɨm, though there isn't a regular change that accounts for the distribution of the two forms. The *kʷ has the unestablished reflex *ɣʷ in Proto-Tera. The labialisation component has been reanalysed as the labialisation prosody in many Mofu group languages. The *h has been lost in several groups as a sporadic process, and has the irregular reflex *f in Matal, Muyang and Moloko.

1Proto-Bata *hʲɨmɨ mouse souris 1.1) Gude (Hoskinson) hímà -ə mouse 1.2) Tsuvan (Johnston) himkən la souris

2Proto-Mafa *kʷama mouse souris 2.1) Mafa (Barreteau) kʷama souris

3Proto-Tera *ɣʷɨm mouse souris 3.1) Tera (Newman) ɣum mouse 3.2) Nyimatli (Harley) ɣum rat

4Proto-Sukur *kʷɨm mouse souris 4.1) Sukur (David) kum mouse 4.2) Sukur (Thomas) kum mouse; a small animal that is covered in fur and has a long thin tail. It lives in bush, people's house or where food is stored.

5Proto-Hurza *kʷɨham mouse souris 5.1) Mbuko (Gravina) kuhom mouse souris 5.2) Vame (Kinnaird) kʷàm mouse souris

6Proto-Mandara *kʷɨhɨm mouse souris 6.1) Matal (Branger) kʷəfu, kufu mouse souris 6.2) Podoko (Swackhammer) kuma souris

7Proto-Mofu *kʷɨhɨm mouse souris 7.1) Ouldeme (Kinnaird) kūm mouse souris 7.2) Muyang (Smith) ɑkfum mouse (general word) souris (mot général) 7.3) Moloko (Friesen) okfom mouse souris 7.4) Zulgo (Haller) kʷàhúm souris f. 7.5) Gemzek (Sabatai) kohom mouse souris 7.6) Merey (Gravina) kuhum mouse souris 7.7) Dugwor (Jubumna) kohom mouse souris 7.8) Mofu North (Barreteau) hʷàm souris 7.9) Mofu-Gudur (Hollingsworth) ahʷam mouse souris (nom gén.)

8Proto-Higi *kʷɨm mouse souris 8.1) Psikye (Angelo) kʷu mouse 8.2) Bana (Lienhard) kúm souris
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kʷɨm num. ten dix (5 groups, 11 languages) C syn: hɨkan, kɨrɨw.
This is one of several roots for 'ten', and is the most likely to have been the Proto-Central Chadic root. The Nyimatli, Sukur and Hdi forms are possibly not cognate. In the Higi group there is sporadic metathesis in all languages except Kirya.

1Proto-Tera *kʷɨm ten dix 1.1) Nyimatli (Harley) gʷaᵑg ten (10) 1.2) Gaʼanda (Gwaji) kum ten

2Proto-Sukur *waŋ ten dix 2.1) Sukur (David) waŋ ten

3Proto-Margi *kʷɨma ten dix 3.1) Bura (Blench) kuma Ten 3.2) Margi South (Harley) kumou ten

4Proto-Lamang *ɣʷaŋ ten dix 4.1) Hdi (Bramlett) ɣʷaŋ ten dix

5Proto-Higi *gʷɨm ten dix 5.1) Kamwe-Nkafa (Harley) mùᵑgə́ Ten 5.2) Kamwe-Futu (Harley) muᵑgə ten 5.3) Kirya (Blench) gùm ten 5.4) Psikye (Angelo) məŋ ten 5.4.1) Psikye (Angelo) məŋə́ ten 5.5) Bana (Lienhard) mə́ŋ dix
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kʷɨma n. face visage (5 groups, 8 languages) B
This root is not widely attested. Where it does occur, the labialisation of *kʷ has often been sporadically lost.

1Proto-Bata *kʷɨnwɨ face visage 1.1) Gude (Hoskinson) kúnwá -ə face ? (upper dialect)

2Proto-Sukur *kɨma face visage 2.1) Sukur (David) kəma face

3Proto-Margi *kʷɨma face visage 3.1) Bura (Blench) kuma Face

4Proto-Lamang *kɨma face visage 4.1) Lamang (Wolff) kə́má face, front 4.2) Hdi (Bramlett) kəma face la figure

5Proto-Higi *kɨma face visage 5.1) Kamwe-Nkafa (Harley) kəma face 5.2) Kamwe-Futu (Harley) kəma face 5.3) Psikye (Angelo) kəma face
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ᵐbɨkʷɨm n. horn corne (4 groups, 7 languages) C syn: lagan, dɨrɨm, mahʷa.
This is one of the less common roots for 'horn'. The roots given come from three very distant areas, so this may be a root which had a far wider range, or it may be that this word exists in more languages but hasn't yet been recorded, or else these may simply be chance similarities.

1Proto-Tera *ᵐbaʔʷamⁿda horn corne 1.1) Gaʼanda (Gwaji) ᵐboʼomⁿda animal horn

2Proto-Hurza *ɓaᵑgʷam horn corne 2.1) Vame (Kinnaird) ɓáŋgʷàm antenna ; horn ; antler antenne ; corne

3Proto-Mofu *ᵐbɨkʷam horn corne 3.1) Ouldeme (Kinnaird) āᵐbə́kām horn corne 3.2) Moloko (Friesen) moᵑgom horn, all types corne; toutes_sortes 3.3) Zulgo (Haller) ᵐbùkúm corne f. 3.4) Gemzek (Sabatai) ᵐbukom horn corne

4Proto-Musgum *amakʷ horn corne 4.1) Vulum (Tourneux) amok corne d'animal
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