ᦀᦲᧉʔii³500nounthis thing; like thisᦵᦣᧆ ᦀᦲᧉ ᦶᦙᧃᧈ ᦣᦱᧈ?Is this the right thing to do?ᦎᧂᧉ ᦶᦎᧈ ᦵᦙᦲᧈ ᦵᦣᧃ ᦷᦎ ᦓᧃᧉ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦵᦖᦲᧃ ᦀᦲᧉ ᦵᦠᦲᧃᧉ.Since the time they went to school it had been like this.ᦉᧂ ᧞ ᦀᧁ ᦷᦆ ᦙᦱ ᦜᦻ ᦉᧄᧈ ᦀᦲᧉ ᦣᦱ?Why have you brought us so much stuff?ᦟᧅ ᦂ ᦶᦑᧉ ᦖᦱᧅ ᦃ ᦶᦐᧆ ᦓᦲᦰ ᦵᦖᦲᧃ ᦀᦲᧉ ᦣᦱᧈ?Are pineapples really like this?9.2.3.5Demonstrative pronounsᦀᦲᧇᧈᦀᦲᧉᦌᦲᧄᦌᦲ
9.2.3. Pronouns
ᦁᦱ2ʔaa⁴ᦓᦱᧈ2000final particlea final particle used with wh- questions. [Note: The pronunciation assimilates to the final consonant of the preceding word.]ᦊᦴᧈ ᦑᦲᧈ ᦺᦐ ᦁᦱ.Where is it?ᦂᦴ ᦌᦹ ᦺᦢᧉ ᦶᦑᧉ ᦓᦱᧈ.Why am I so stupid?ᦂᦲᧃ ᦉᧂ ᦁᦱ.What are you eating?9.4.3.3Interrogative 9.2.3.4Question words
ᦂᦲᧈ1kii²5001interrogative pronounhow manyᦚᦱᧃ ᧟ ᦙᦲ ᦂᦲᧈ ᦀᧃ?How many pencils have you sharpened?ᦀᦸᧅᧈ ᦂᦲᧈ ᦆᧄᧈ?What is the date (how many days is it)?9.2.3.4Question words2numeralhow manyᦙᧃ ᦓᧇ ᦉᦸᧃᧈ ᦩᦻ ᦓᦲᦰ ᦈᧅ ᦂᦲᧃ ᦂᦲᧈ ᦞᧃ.He calculated how many days it would take to eat the buffalo.ᦢᧁᧈ ᦣᦴᧉ ᦂᦲᧈ ᦗᧃ ᦔᦲ.I don't know how many thousands of years.8.1.3.1Many, much3numeralseveral; a fewᦓᧂᧈ ᦌᧁ ᦢᦱᧈ ᦌᧁ ᦶᦣᧂ ᦂᦲᧈ ᦵᦑᦲᧈ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦶᦕᧁ ᦵᦑᦲᧈ.They had rested several times (on the journey) but they still weren't there.8.1.3.2Few, little
ᦂᦴᦙᦹᧂᦙᦹᧂᦂᦴkuu¹mɯŋ⁴mɯŋ⁴kuu¹pronouneach other; reciprocally (literally: I-you, you-me) (can be separated)ᦂᦴ ᦎᦹᧈ ᦙᦹᧂ ᦙᦹᧂ ᦎᦹᧈ ᦂᦴ ᦊᦴᧈ.Everybody was blaming each other. [Everybody was 'I blame you and you blame me'.]ᦂᦴ ᦏᦱᧉ ᦙᦹᧂ, ᦙᦹᧂ ᦏᦱᧉ ᦂᦴ, ᦷᦃ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦷᦟᧆ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦺᦡᧉ ᦶᦙ.They waited for each other, and the bridge didn't get fixed.ᦂᦴ ᦒᦲᧂ ᦙᦹᧂ, ᦙᦹᧂ ᦒᦲᧂ ᦂᦴ, ᦗᦸᧈ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦈᦳᧂ ᦶᦃᧃ ᦃᦾᧉ ᦖᧃᧉ ᦖᧃᧉ.Everybody was jostling each other, so my father held my hand firmly.9.2.3.1Reflexive pronounsᦂᦴᦙᦹᧂ
ᦂᦴkuu¹500pronounI; me. [Note: ᦂᦴ 'I' is used in familiar relationships and between friends. It is paired with ᦙᦹᧂ 'you'.]ᦅᦴ1ᦙᦹᧂ9.2.3Pronounsᦂᦴᦃᦹᧃᧉᦙᦹᧂᦟᦳᧂᦂᦴᦗᦹᧂᧈᦙᦹᧂᦀᦲᧂᦂᦴᦙᦹᧂᦙᦹᧂᦂᦴᦷᦎᦂᦴᦎᦱᧂᧈᦂᦴᦎᦱᧂᧈᦙᦹᧂ
ᦶᦂᧈ1kææ²5001adjectiveold (of people, not of things)ᦁᦱ ᦍᦳ ᦓᦲᦰ ᦍᧂ ᦶᦂᧈ ᦵᦜᦲ ᦀᦲᦰ ᦔᦴᧈ ᦃᦾᧉ ᦵᦂᦲᧃᧈ.He is even older than my grandfather.8.4.6.5.2Old, not young2adjectivedark (of colours)ᦵᦃᧁ ᦶᦂᧈ.Dark green.8.3.3.3Color3adjectivecoarse; roughᦌᦻ ᦶᦂᧈ.Coarse sand.8.3.2.2Rough4pronounhe; she (of older people)ᦶᦂᧈ ᦈᦳᧂ ᦶᦃᧃ ᦜᦱᧃ ᦋᦻ ᦟᦳᧂ ᦵᦣᦲᧃ ᦺᦔ.She held her grandson's arm as they went down from the house.ᦢᦳᧃ ᦶᦂᧈ ᦂᦱᧉ ᦙᦱ ᧟ ᦺᦡᧉ ᦔᦲᧃ ᦆᦴ ᦢᦱ ᦺᦊᧈ.His merit grew and he became a great teacher.9.2.3Pronounsᦂᦱᧉᦶᦂᧈᦶᦂᧈᦏᧁᧉᦶᦂᧈᦓᦸᧂᧉᦏᧁᧉᦶᦂᧈᦑᦸᧂᧉᦶᦂᧈᦕᦲᧁᦶᦂᧈᦠᦱᧁᧉ
ᦂᧃkan¹5001pronouneach other; one anotherᦔᦲᧃ ᦵᦙᧆ ᦉ ᦠᦻ ᦡᦲ ᦂᧃ.They are good friends to each other.ᦺᦡᧉ ᦎᧂᧉ ᦉ ᦈ ᦂᧃ ᦺᦞᧉ.We made a promise to each other.9.2.3.1Reflexive pronouns2pronountogetherᦣᧁ ᦷᦑᧅ ᦕᦱᧃ ᦺᦡᧉ ᦂᦲᧃ ᦈᦱᧂᧉ ᦶᦀᧇ ᦂᧃ ᦓᧃᧉ.We were poor and were employed together.9.5.2.1Togetherᦀᧁᦂᧃᦂᦸᧆᧈᦂᧃᦺᦔᦷᦃᧇᦂᧃᦅᧄᦉᦴᧈᦂᧃᦷᦉᧇᦑᦱᧂᦉᦳᧄᦂᧃᦷᦋᦂᧃᦷᦋᧃᦂᧃᦵᦎᧆᧈᦂᧃᦵᦓᦲᧂᦂᧃᦵᦔᧃᧈᦂᧃᦔᧃᦂᧃᦔᧆᦂᧃᦵᦖᦲᧃᦂᧃᦗᦱᦂᧃᦗᦲᧈᦓᦸᧂᧉᦎᦲᧃᦶᦊᧃᦷᦠᦂᧃᦶᦙᧃᧈᦂᧃᦵᦙᦲᧈᦂᧃᦚᧁᧉᦂᧃᦟᧁᧈᦂᧃᦟᦳᧂᧈᦂᧃᦟᦱᧄᧈᦂᧃᦵᦡᧁᦂᧃ
ᦃᦱᧉ1xaa³5001nounslaveᦅᦳᧃ1 3ᦅᧃ ᦺᦆᧈ ᦂᦲᧃ ᦵᦖᦲᧃ ᦈᧁᧉ ᦓᦲᦰ ᦠᦹᧉ ᦺᦡᧉ ᦵᦣᧆ ᦵᦖᦲᧃ ᦃᦱᧉ.If you want to eat like a king you must work like a slave.4.5.4.4Slave2nounhilltribe personᦷᦔᧅ ᦆᦸᧂ ᦃᦱᧉ ᦢᦱᧃᧉ ᦺᦘᧈ ᦵᦙᦲᧂ ᦡᦲ ᦡᦲ.He ruled the hilltribe people and the commoners well.4.1.9.9Race3pronounI; me. [Note: ᦃᦱᧉ is used when speaking to strangers, or being deferential.]ᦙᧃ ᦏ ᦜᦲ ᦺᦛᧉ ᦘ ᦍᦱ ᦞᦱᧈ: “ᦃᦱᧉ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦢᧁᧈ ᦙᦲ ᦉᧂ ᦙᦱ ᧞.He declared his obeisance to the king saying, 'I don't have anything to bring.'9.2.3Pronounsᦃᦱᧉᦵᦉᦲᧅᦃᦱᧉᦺᦋᧉᦃᦱᧉᦓᦾᧉᦃᦱᧉᦷᦗᧅᦺᦋᧉᦃᦱᧉᦺᦘᧈᦃᦱᧉᦷᦜᧂᦃᦱᧉᦟᦴᧅᦃᦱᧉᦶᦡᧈᦃᦱᧉᦢᦱᧃᧉᦅᦳᧃᦵᦙᦲᧂᦃᦱᧉᦵᦣᦲᧃᦃᦱᧉᦣᦻᧉᦅᦳᧃᦇᦱᧃᦃᦱᧉᦣᦻᧉᦅᦳᧃᦷᦈᧃᦎᦴᦃᦱᧉᦷᦎᦃᦱᧉᦵᦏᦲᧃᧈᦃᦱᧉᦓᦱᦺᦑᦕᦴᧉᦃᦱᧉᦗᦸᧈᦃᦱᧉ
ᦃᦾᧉxɔj³500pronounI; me. [Note: ᦃᦾᧉ is deferential. Used when addressing elders or teachers.]ᦈᧁᧉ ᦞᦸᧂᧉ ᦵᦣᧀ, ᦃᦾᧉ ᦙᦱ ᦀᦳᧇᧈ ᦅᧄ ᦵᦙᦲᧈ ᦂᦸᧃᧈ ᦠᦹᧉ ᦈᧁᧉ ᦝᧂ!O emperor, I have come to tell you a story.ᦀᦻᧉ ᦀᦳᧃᧈ ᦞᦱᧈ: “ᦃᦾᧉ ᦔᦲᧃ ᦅᦳᧃ ᦋᦻ ᦓᦲᦰ ᦡᧂᧈ ᦣᦹ ᦓᧂᧈ ᦶᦀᧇ ᦅᦳᧃ ᦍᦲᧂ ᦣᦱ!”Unn said (to the teacher), 'I am a boy, how can I sit beside a girl?'9.2.3Pronounsᦃᦾᧉᦃᦾᧉᦃᦾᧉᦶᦡᧈᦃᦾᧉᦢᦱᧆᦎᦴᦃᦾᧉᦷᦎᦃᦾᧉᦗᦸᧈᦃᦾᧉ
ᦅᧃ1kan⁴5001conjunctionifᦅᧃ ᦁᦱ ᦟᦰ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦟᦳᧂ ᦙᦱ ᦵᦀᧂᧈ ᦂᦴ ᦤᦸ.If you are so great come down and fight with me.ᦅᧃ ᦞᦱᧈ ᦵᦣᧆ ᦵᦖᦲᧃ ᦈᧁᧉ ᦓᦲᦰ ᦺᦡᧉ ᦂᦲᧃ ᦵᦖᦲᧃ ᦃᦱᧉ ᧞.If you work like a king you will eat like a slave.9.6.2.8Condition2conjunctionwhenᦅᧃ ᦣᦸᧆ ᦵᦣᦲᧃ ᦡᦹᧅ ᦌᧁ ᦅᧄ ᦵᦡᧁ.When they got to the house they rested there.ᦅᧃ ᦞᧃ ᦘᦳᧅ ᦋᧁᧉ ᦙᦱ, ᦣᧁ ᦷᦋ ᦂᧃ ᦃᧁᧉ ᦓᧄᧉ ᦀᧁ ᦔᦱ.When the morning comes, we will go into the water and catch fish.8.4.6.6.5Every time9.2.3.2Indefinite pronouns
ᦆᦲᧂxiŋ⁴5001nounbodyᦷᦎ 5ᦎᧅ ᦶᦃᧇ ᦷᦠ ᦺᦊᧈ ᧞ ᦆᦲᧂ ᦓᦾᧉ ᦓᦲᦰ ᦔᦲᧃ ᦷᦎ ᦗᦴᧉ.The centipede with the big head and the small body is the male.ᦅᦳᧃ ᦺᦃᧉ ᦗᦹᧂ ᦷᦅᧃ ᦐᦹᧂ ᦷᦎ ᦐᦹᧂ ᦆᦲᧂ ᦜᦻ ᦘᦸᧂᧈ.A sick person should move their body around a lot.2.1Body2pronounyou (singular). [Note: ᦆᦲᧂ 'you' is paired with ᦣᦱ 'I' in a relationship between close friends, usually of the same sex. ᦆᦲᧂ is also used when speaking to oneself.]ᦣᦱ2ᦍᦲᧃ ᦡᦲ ᦆᦲᧂ ᦵᦎᦲᧄᧈ ᦣᦱ.I would be pleased if you would help me.ᦔᦲᧃ ᦷᦎ ᦺᦞᧉ ᦋᦲ ᦞᦲᧆ ᦠᦹᧉ ᦆᦲᧂ ᦓᧃᧉ.That is the person who saved your life (talking to self).9.2.3Pronouns3pronounoneselfᦺᦕ ᦅᦸᧉ ᦡᧅ ᦵᦎᧆᧈ ᦊᦴᧈ ᦵᦣᦲᧃ ᦆᦲᧂ ᦺᦞᧉ.Everybody stayed hiding in their own house.ᦵᦉᦲᧉ ᦆᦲᧂ ᦵᦊᧇ.A shirt that she had made herself.9.2.3.1Reflexive pronounsᦷᦎᦆᦲᧂᦷᦎᦵᦔᧁᧈᦆᦲᧂᦗᦾᦷᦎᦺᦕᦆᦲᧂᦙᧃᦟᦹᧄᦆᦲᧂᦣᦴᧉᦆᦲᧂ
ᦈᦱᧈ1caa²2000final particlea particle used with questions (both yes/no questions and wh- questions)ᦓᧄᧉ ᦟᧄ ᦺᦞᧉ ᦈᦱᧈ?Does that water taste good?ᦈᧅ ᦺᦔ ᦑᦲᧈ ᦺᦐ ᦈᦱᧈ?Where are you going?9.4.3.3Interrogative 9.2.3.4Question words
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