9. Grammar
piilak1RellikeolsemToloba saikii apaba nii piiriiriikne yitiik, naknak wapi tiidekuan piilak.Long ago the cassowary flew up above, like other birds do.Bipo muruk i save plai antap i go i kam, olsem narapela ol pisin i save mekim.8.3.5.2.2Like, similar2advsomewhatliklikKo piilak wunii tu.I am somewhat alright.Mi orait liklik.Ramiiniikuan tiikiit ma kapiilekbuik viiriimalpiilak ye miinii kusiisii viikiyo.Turn somewhat the chair you are sitting on so that you can see well.Sia yu sindaun long en yu tanim liklik na yu sindaun na lukluk stret.9.3.1.2To a small degree
saku11happenkamapDii ve yorokniik, "Nak valka naniiba sakutuwe yako."He saw and thought, "Something is about to happen to us."Em i lukim na tingim, "Wanpela samting bai kamap long mipela." 9.1.2.1Happen2become, appearkamapVala kutkuatiite, dii wuna amu yile ve dii wak, "Gi vala sakudiikuan."I made a canoe and my brother went and saw it and he said, "Now it has become a canoe."Mi wokim kanu na brata bilong mi kam na lukim na em i tok, "Nau kanu i kamap."9.1.1.1Exist2.3.1.5.1Appear
sii1namenem9.7.1Name of a person
sapatiyakchangesenisToloba nyaangu te viitiibang dam gi biila sapatiyakne gi nak riipiiba nanii tu.The way we saw things before when we were children has changed and we are in another time now.Bipo yumi stap pikinini na lukim ol samting long en nau em i narapela senis olgeta.9.1.1.2Become, change state8.3.5.2.3Different
siijabiya1change the name of someonesenisim nem bilong arapelaKiyaang nyaanna siiba wadete, dii vegi nyaan kapiire sala ye tiik. Aga ye de diikii sii siijabiye nak sii wak.They gave him the name of a dead child and this child did poorly. Therefore they changed his name and gave him another name.Ol i kolim nem bilong pikinini i dai long em na dispela pikinini i bin stap nogut. Olsem na ol i rausim nem bilong dispela pikinini na givim narapela nem.9.7.1Name of a person2clear name of someone who has had bad things said about themrausim tok nogut wanpela i harimWukue tiidekuan nyaagiit, yile miinii siijabiyakiyo.The talk they heard [about him], you go and clear.Toktok ol i harim na i stap long em, yu go na rausim dispela tok.
siirapiit1scratch the surface of somethingmakim2draw, carve, writewokim mak9.7.1Name of a person
siisaiMy goodness!Olaman!Siisai! Bukaba gurii kiiraak?My goodness! Where did you all get it?Olaman! Yupela i kisim we?9.2.7Interjections
-te1different subject suffix on dependent verbs, in switch reference usage, whose subject’s referent is different than the subject of the following clause. naWi yile te wariyadete, wunii vakiitne yaak. They were fighting in the field, and I was afraid and came.Ol i go stap long kunai na ol i pait, na mi pret na kam.9Grammar
tepifail, come to nothing, be unsuccessful; the expected result fails to happennogatNii kawiye re tepiye, nii yik.She waited and nothing happened, and she leftEm i wet stap nogat, na em i go.9.6.2.6.1Without result
-tofinishpinisimGi watotiing.I am finished speaking.Mi totok pinis.Ana katokwunii. Kapiilek gi tu.I cannot finish eating. A little is left.Mi no inap pinisim na kaikai. Hap i stap.Ma kato.[You] finish eating.Yu kaikai na pinisim.Ma kutto.Finish doing [it].Yu mekim na pinisim.syn-puip6.1.2.3.5Complete, finish9.4.1.2Aspect--dynamic verbs
vegi1thatdispela9.2.3.5Demonstrative pronouns2right, truetru8.3.7.7Right, proper
van1demthatdispela9.2.3.5Demonstrative pronouns2interjectthat is correct, like thatolsem; em nau3connthen, alrightoraitKutguane tiidiite, van kutka.If there is something to do, then do it.Samting bilong mekim i stap, orait yu mekim.9.2.5.2Clause conjunctions
wa3interjection showing displeasuretok i soim kros9.2.7Interjections
wabu1end of an objectpinis bilong samtingJora karere wunii nere maaka wabu bagiinba akuanak wabu jora ketok.I pulled the net to the other side and hung the end of the net on the end of the stick.Mi pulim net i go narapela sait na hangamapim narapela hap net long pinis bilong stik.8.6Parts of things2topic, subject, issuepoinKiipiyana wabu wunii saapiitkiyo.I am going to talk about the subject of mosquitoes.Bai mi stori long ol samting bilong moskito.9.6.3.1Markers of transition 3idea, pointpoin, tingtingAn yikiin wabu ka.That is a good point.Em i gutpela tingting.4reasonasBaba wabukii we nii yaakiinii?For what reason is she coming?Wanem as na em bai kam?9.6.2.5.1Reason
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