kay’a adjunct. adds emphasis to a statement; in fact, certainly, definitely. Kanan Rosa di umed Manila mu adi kaya. Rosa said she is going to Manila but in fact, she is not. Adika kaya mahaul. Don’t ever be tempted (even if they insist)! Immi-ingleyak an pinhod kun umanamut mo indani bo kaya ya uminghaak. I felt so lonely that I wanted to return home, but after a while I definitely became adjusted. Hinae toan bumdang hidiyen bokon kaya hi Lammooy. That is what I don’t know, roaming spirits there, but definitely not Lammooy. Attitudinal. (sem. domains: 9.6.3.2 - Markers of emphasis.)
Tuwali Ifugao - English
k
kayabkab intrans. to flap wings. Pakaognam nan payak nan manok te kumayabkab. Hold the chicken’s wings well because they’ll flap. ‑um‑/‑imm‑. 2B Movement, change of position. Sim: payagpag. (sem. domains: 1.6.4.1 - Animal movement.)
kayam-ut trans. refers to roots of plants clinging to soil or rocks; vines clinging to trees or other plants. Kinayam-utan di wakal nan balat. The vines were clinging to the banana plant. ‑an/‑in‑ ‑an. 5A Changing state of site by adding something. (sem. domains: 7.5.2 - Join, attach.)
kayang₂ comm. the top of a tree; ridge of a mountain. Maan-anlaak handi ya dimmatongak hi kayang na. I was happy when I got to the top. (sem. domains: 8.5.5 - Spatial relations.)
kayat 1to climb upward. 1.1intrans. to move upward, climbing a stake, tree, or other climbable object. Kimmayat didan u-unga dih mangga. The children climbed the mango tree. Nag-ahak handi kinali adik mo ipidpidwan kumayat. I fell once, that’s why I’ll never climb trees again. Uggek ni-an inilan kumayat handi te ittayak. I didn’t know how to climb trees then because I was small. ‑um‑/‑immi‑. 2A Movement from one place to another. Sim: amit, kallehke. (sem. domains: 7.2.2.4 - Move up.) 1.2intrans. to climb from one upright object to another with durative aspect. Mungkayyatan da. They are climbing from tree to tree. muN‑ ‑an/nuN‑ ‑an . 2to climb something. 2.1trans. to climb a specified upright object; the focus is on the patient-object being climbed. Kayatom nan ba-at ta alam nadan nal-um an bungana. Climb the guava-tree and get the ripe fruit. ‑on/‑in‑ . 2.2trans. to climb an upright object, carrying something; the focus is the conveyed object being carried. Ikayat mu nan basket ta pangiha-adan yuh polagon yu. Climb up with the basket and load it with the fruits you gather. i‑/iN‑ .
kay-ahan (comp. of anhan) advpred. an expression indicating that someone feels relief about the end of something that has taken a long time. Kay-ahan ya magibbu dan iskul. Finally, they will finish their studies. Nabayagak an nunho-ho-od ot innang an eyak ume, mu kay-ahan ya immali. I waited a long time and almost left but he finally came. Anusam, kay-ahan ya pumhod ka kaya. You must endure, finally (soon) you will surely get well. Modality. (sem. domains: 3.4.1 - Feel good.)
Kay-ang prop. place where first people lived; by the riverside of what is now called the Ibulao River. [Based on myth of the first people.] (sem. domains: 5.9 - Live, stay.) Story recorded by Lourdes S. Dulawan
kaynit 1intrans. to be startled by someone or something with a component of fear or alarm. Adika kumaynit hi pangngolam hi palattug. Don’t be startled upon hearing a shot. Kimmaynit handi nag-a nan banga. He was startled when the pot fell. ‑um‑/‑imm‑. Class 2C, Emotion and sensation . Sim: bugtak₂, togna. (sem. domains: 3.4.1.3 - Surprise.) 2caus. to cause someone or something to be startled. Pakaynitom nan ahu ta bumtik. Startle the dog so that it will run away. Impakaynit dakami. He caused us to be startled. paka‑ ‑on, impa‑.
kayngot 1intrans. a facial expression of firm lips along with the gesture of nodding the head from time to time that gives authority to speech. Nadan udum an mungkaykayngot an kumali ya dakdakol di mundongol ke dida. Those people who speak very authoritatively have more people who will listen to them. Nakayngot di pungkalina. His speaking is authoritative. muN‑/nuN‑, na‑. 1A Movement with a manner component. (sem. domains: 3.5.6.1 - Gesture.) 2trans. to give a signal to a previous agreement by nodding of head. Kinayngotanak an ume kami mo. He signaled to me by nodding his head that it was time to leave. ‑an/‑in‑ ‑an.
kayu pers. you plural; second person, plural, Set 2 subject pronouns; cross-referenced by verbal affixes. Ume kayu nah payo an mangdut. You all go to the ricefield and gather snails. “Bumangun kayu mon iimbabalek, kanan inada. “Wake up, children,” their mother said. (sem. domains: 9.2.3 - Pronouns.)
ke₁ (deke) conj. 1if; marks a conditional clause, hypothetical or real. Maid ke hi Juan ya uggeyak immali. If Juan had not been around I would not have come here. Athidi bon mundogo ke ya adi pakaihwang hi adol na te maid moy innunan mumbaki. Also, if he gets sick then no one will do the pagan prayer for him. Wada ke ot di pihhu yu ya balalan yu nan payo da. If only you had money then you could take the mortgage of their field. Subordinating conjunctions. (sem. domains: 9.6.2.8 - Condition.) 2follows a predicate and marks a time phrase or clause. <The allomorph y of the linker di is an enclitic.
ke₂ adjunct. occurs within an NP encoding a contrastive concept, setting apart the reference of that person or thing from other possible references. Hanada ken maid di happiyo na, nangapya da. As for them, they had no shields so they made them. Ad Makati ke ya hituy kad-an di kakadangyan. In Makati is where the rich people are. Nahdom ke ya ahi naukat ta tumanayyapan. It is at night that it comes out and flies around. Hi ke Butale ya binugtung an imbabale. As for Butale, he was an only child. Attitudinal. (sem. domains: 8.3.5.2.3 - Different, 9.6.3.2 - Markers of emphasis.) hantu ken comp. man-uke
ke₃ det. a determiner that marks an indirect object that is not cross-referenced by the verb. the form ‘ke’ has an allomorph form. <The form ‘ke’ has an allomorph form, the ‘n’ attached to a preceding word that ends in a vowel.
ke dadiye (n. ph. of dadiye) dem. those; the plural form of kediye, a member of Set 5 demonstrative pronouns. <The determiner ke or its allomorph n that attaches to a preceding word that ends in a vowel must co-occur.
ke dakami (n. ph. of dakami) pers. us; first person, plural exclusive; member of Set 4 direct or indirect object pronouns; non-cross-referenced by verbal affixes. <The determiner ke or its allomorph n must co-occur.
ke dakayu (n. ph. of dakayu) pers. you, plural; second person, plural pronoun; member of Set 4 direct or indirect object pronouns; non-cross-referenced by verbal affixes. <The determiner ke or its allomorph n that attaches to a preceding word that ends in a vowel must co-occur.
ke danae (n. ph. of danae) dem. those; the plural form of the kenae member of Set 5 demonstrative pronouns. <The determiner ke or its allomorph n that attaches to a preceding word that ends in a vowel must co-occur.
ke datuwe (n. ph. of datuwe) dem. these; the plural form of the ketuwe member of Set 5 demonstrative pronouns. <The determiner ke or its allomorph n that attaches to a preceding word that ends in a vowel must co-occur.
ke dida (n. ph. of dida) pers. them; third person, plural pronoun; member of Set 4 direct or indirect object pronouns. <The determiner ke or its allomorph n that attaches to a preceding word that ends in a vowel must co-occur.
ke dita (n. ph. of dita) pers. us-two; first person, dual pronoun, member of Set 4 direct or indirect object pronouns. <The determiner ke or its allomorph n that attaches to a preceding word that ends in a vowel must co-occur.
ke ditaku (n. ph. of ditaku) pers. us-all; first person, plural inclusive; member of Set 4 direct and indirect object pronouns; non-cross-referenced by verbal affixes. <The determiner ke or its allomorph n that attaches to a preceding word that ends in a vowel must co-occur.
ke ha-on (n. ph. of ha-on) pers. me; first person, singular personal pronoun; a member of Set 4 direct and indirect object pronouns; the members of this objective set are not cross-referenced by the verbal affix. <The determiner ke or its allomorph n that attaches to a preceding word that ends in a vowel must co-occur.
ke he-a (n. ph. of he-a) pers. you, singular; second person, singular pronoun; member of Set 4 direct or indirect object pronouns; the members of this objective set are not cross-referenced by the verbal affix. <The determiner ke or its allomorph n that attaches to a preceding word that ends in a vowel must co-occur.
Tuwali Ifugao Dictionary © 2014 SIL International®
