nga-ŋa³³🔊pron.代pfxmy我（们）的/wǒ(men) de/Ngabbor ngama ngo leil yarzi perniar. 我(们)的爸爸我(们)的妈妈很爱我。My father (and) my mother love me very much.Ngo ngama dax cirgo a miar mu ssi. 我(们)跟我(们的)妈妈一起去干活。I go with my mom to do work.1. The following is a brief summary of the what happens when pronouns or nouns are associated with kinship or other nounsː (a) The plural pronouns don't change at all when associated with kinship nouns. The only variation is that the word /ddei/ is optional when the kinship noun is referring to a person younger than the head pronoun. For exampleː for 1PL with older siblings it isː /ngua ddei ago/ 'our older.brother'; with younger siblings it isː /ngua (ddei) nimar/ 'our younger.brother' (the same thing is true for the inclusive form /niul/). For 2PL. with older siblings it isː /nia ddei ago/ 'yourPL older.brother'; with younger siblings it isː /nia (ddei) nimar/ 'yourPL younger.brother'. For 3PL with older siblings it isː /yaa ddei ago/ 'their older.brother'; with younger siblings it isː /yaa (ddei) nimar/ 'their younger.brother'. (b) The singular pronouns have some changes when associated with kinship nouns. For exampleː the 1SG with older siblings changes from /ngo/ to /nga-/ as in /ngabbor/ 'my father'. (Note that even though the word for father is /arbbor/, the /nga-/ maintains the mid tone). With younger siblings there is no changeː /ngo (ddei) nimar/ 'my younger.brother'. The 2SG with older siblings changes from /ni/ to /nia-/ as in /niabbor/ 'your father' (Again note that even though the word for father is /arbbor/ the /nia-/ maintains the mid tone.) but with younger siblings there is no changeː /ni (ddei) nimar/ 'yourSG younger.brother' The 3SG does not change with either older or younger sibling; it stays /yar-/ː /yar (ddei) nimar/ 'his/her younger.brother'; /yargo/ 'his/her older brother'. (c) The pronouns that change form all end with the vowel /a/. When the pronoun is placed in front of a kinship term—which also begins with /a/—one of the /a/ syllables is deleted, or the two /a/ vowels merge into one. So 'my older brother' is /ngago/; yourSG older brother is /niago/; and his/her older brother is /yargo/. (d). If a noun is associated with a kinship term, the 3SG pronoun is used when the kinship term is referring to someone who is older than the head noun. For example: 'that leader's mother' /vaervaerpor hal ddei yar ma/ (leader that CLF 1SG mother). With younger siblings the pronoun is replaced by an option /ddei/: 'that leader's son' /vaervaerpor hal ddei (ddei) ssor/ (leader that CLF ASSOC son. If the subject is plural, the plural pronoun /yaa/ is not used; the relationship is exprssed by using nouns and associating those nouns to the second kinship term with the singular /yar/. So again, with older siblingsː 'those leaders' mothers' /vaervaerpor halmel yar ma/ (leader those/that PL 1SG mother). With younger siblings the /ddei/ is optionally used: 'those leaders' sons' /vaervaerpor halmel (ddei) ssor/ (leader those/that PL ASSOC son). (e) Finally, the word /ddei/ associates two non-kinship nouns or noun phrases. Example: /Xie hal zzir ddei yirggie yarzi miur./ 'The bedrooms of that house are very many' (house that CLF ASSOC bedroom very many). The second sense of the word /ddei/ in an associative phrases is to expresses possession. For example: /Ngo ddei zzaegu ni ker si nr ddo./ 'You may not steal my things.' (1SG GEN thing you steal away not allowed)./ngabbor/ is the combination of /nga-/ and /arbbor/; /ngama/ is the combination of /nga-/ and /ama/./ngabbor/ 是 /nga-/ 和 /arbbor/ 的组合词；/ngama/ 是 /nga-/ 和 /ama/ 的组合词。Compare 另见nia-yar-nga ŋa³³

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