Yao'an Loxrlavu - English
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wormeirddurwo²¹me²¹dv̩²¹n.名foothill山麓/shānlù/Worga darsisi halmel leil worga niulddurddur niar gex dae mel leil wormeirddur bbeix.长长的山上连着的短短的山叫山麓。In a long mountain range the short mountains that are attached are called foothills.When the /w/ precedes /o/ it is most often a Yi word; the phonetically similar sound /v/ precedes other sounds. If the /w/ precedes other vowels it is most often a Mandarin Chinese loan. 当 /w/ 在 /o/ 之前时，多半是彝族的字；在语音学上类似的音 /v/ 用在其它的音之前。/w/ 若用在其它的 韵母或元音之前则多半是来自普通话的借词。wormeirwo²¹me²¹
wormulelwo²¹-mɤ³³-ɮə⁵⁵🔊v.动do manual labor for pay打工/dǎgōng/Yar ca eil hhexr dax wormulel dae.她跟这家人打工。S/he is working for this family1. When the /w/ precedes /o/ it is most often a Yi word; the phonetically similar sound /v/ precedes other sounds. If the /w/ precedes other vowels it is most often a Mandarin Chinese loan. 当 /w/ 在 /o/ 之前时，多半是彝族的字；在语音学上类似的音 /v/ 用在其它的音之前。/w/ 若用在其它的 韵母或元音之前则多半是来自普通话的借词。The Chinese Mandarin loanword /xiargo/ 'unskilled laborer 小工' is used more and more instead of the Yi word /wormulel/ 'do manual labor for pay 打工'.汉语中的/xiargo/ '小工' 逐渐取代 /wormulel/ '打工' 这个彝族字。Compare 另见lelmiar bei gger sumuworxiargowormulelwo²¹-mɤ³³-ɮə⁵⁵
wormusuwo²¹-mɤ³³-sʮ³³🔊n.名servant仆人/pūrén/Wormusu mel yar seirpor ddei ddar noni mibbe.仆人应该听他主人的话。Servants should listen to their masters.1. This kind of servant is the kind that helps with manual labour. People don't have servants these days; this word comes from a traditional story. When the /w/ precedes /o/ it is most often a Yi word; the phonetically similar sound /v/ precedes other sounds. If the /w/ precedes other vowels it is most often a Mandarin Chinese loan.当 /w/ 在 /o/ 之前时，多半是彝族的字；在语音学上类似的音 /v/ 用在其它的音之前。/w/ 若用在其它的 韵母或元音之前则多半是来自普通话的借词。Compare 另见visservissersuxiargowormusiwo²¹-mɤ³³-sɿ³³
worniwo²¹ni³³🔊adj.形strong有力气/yǒu lìqì/Ca hal ddei zzu bbeixarnar, yar yarzi worni.虽然那个人瘦，他很有力气。Although that person is skinny, s/he is very strong.1. When the /w/ precedes /o/ it is most often a Yi word; the phonetically similar sound /v/ precedes other sounds. If the /w/ precedes other vowels it is most often a Mandarin Chinese loan. 当 /w/ 在 /o/ 之前时，多半是彝族的字；在语音学上类似的音 /v/ 用在其它的音之前。/w/ 若用在其它的 韵母或元音之前则多半是来自普通话的借词。This is talking about a strong body that can pick up a lot of weight. The kind of strength it takes to go on when life is difficult for some reason is /hhel/ as in: /nixmox hhel du lei/ 'strengthen the heart'.这是指能举起重物的强壮的身体。面对困难的力量要用 /hhel/ ‘坚强’ 这字。worni ~ worniar.Compare 另见ggehhelworcixl-worniworggeworniar
wornolwo²¹no⁵⁵🔊v.动rest休息/xiūxī/Yar eilni cir ni miar bei doxr dae, neixmar a saelnei wornol.他今天一直在干活到晚上才休息。S/he continually worked all day today, it was dark before (s/he) rested.When the /w/ precedes /o/ it is most often a Yi word; the phonetically similar sound /v/ precedes other sounds. If the /w/ precedes other vowels it is most often a Mandarin Chinese loan.当 /w/ 在 /o/ 之前时，多半是彝族的字；在语音学上类似的音 /v/ 用在其它的音之前。/w/ 若用在其它的 韵母或元音之前则多半是来自普通话的借词。wornolwo²¹no⁵⁵
wor nr ddowo³³ n̩²¹ do³³v. (secondary)次动intolerable; unable to overcome; unbearable受不了/shòu bù liǎo/Zzixzi eilmerxixl lorbbor nr jiul a mel, zzix wor nr ddo.冬天晚上不盖被子，受不了。On a winter night if the blanket isn't covering (you), the cold is unbearable.Yar xilbe no zildu a, no wo nr ddo a.她肚子太痛了，痛得受不了了。His/her stomach hurts very much, the pain is unbearable.Compare 另见wor nr xiewor nr ddaxwo²¹ n̩²¹ da̠⁴⁴
wor nr xiewo²¹ n̩²¹ ʃʲɛ³³v. (secondary)次动intolerable; unable to overcome; unbearable受不了/shòu bù liǎo/Aniuxssor mel ze ddaexr a, no wor nr xie.小孩子们打针，疼得受不了。When small children get a shot, the pain is unbearable.Compare 另见wor nr ddowo nr gexlwo³³ n̩²¹ kɯ̠⁶⁶
worperwo²¹-pʰɯ²¹🔊n.名pay; salary; wage工资/gōngzī/Ngo yar dax worper li a, yel ngo leil deil a.我跟她要工资，所以（他/她）打我。I wanted my wages from him/her, so (s/he) hit me.When the /w/ precedes /o/ it is most often a Yi word; the phonetically similar sound /v/ precedes other sounds. If the /w/ precedes other vowels it is most often a Mandarin Chinese loan.当 /w/ 在 /o/ 之前时，多半是彝族的字；在语音学上类似的音 /v/ 用在其它的音之前。/w/ 若用在其它的 韵母或元音之前则多半是来自普通话的借词。Compare 另见perperjiarperlaperniarworperwo²¹-pʰɯ²¹
worpe-vilaxwo²¹pʰɯ³³-vi³³ɮa̠⁴⁴🔊n.名flood洪水/hóngshuǐ/Worpe-vilax mel yarzisael larhor, middurbbor maelmaerjjia bei xiaxr gger var.洪水是非常严重的，会弄坏地上全部的。Floods are extremely serious, they can destroy everything on the earth.1. This is not just a flood; it is a devastating flood. When the /w/ precedes /o/ it is most often a Yi word; the phonetically similar sound /v/ precedes other sounds. If the /w/ precedes other vowels it is most often a Mandarin Chinese loan.当 /w/ 在 /o/ 之前时，多半是彝族的字；在语音学上类似的音 /v/ 用在其它的音之前。/w/ 若用在其它的 韵母或元音之前则多半是来自普通话的借词。Compare 另见pevivimilworpe-vilaxwo²¹pʰɯ³³-vi³³ɮa̠⁴⁴
wortaexlaex lei awo²¹tʰæ̠⁴⁴ɮæ̠⁴⁴ ɮe³³ a³³v.动hail; it is hailing下冰雹/xià bīngbáo /Wortaexlaex lei a mel, yarzi larhor; xipae mel leil lei deil xiaxr gger var.下冰雹很严重；会把房子的瓦打坏。When it hails, it is very serious; it can hit and destroy the roof of a house.When the /w/ precedes /o/ it is most often a Yi word; the phonetically similar sound /v/ precedes other sounds. If the /w/ precedes other vowels it is most often a Mandarin Chinese loan.当 /w/ 在 /o/ 之前时，多半是彝族的字；在语音学上类似的音 /v/ 用在其它的音之前。/w/ 若用在其它的 韵母或元音之前则多半是来自普通话的借词。Compare 另见almer lei aleimi lei awor lei aworsaerwo²¹sæ²¹worsaer lei awo²¹sæ²¹ ɮe³³ a³³
worvaerwo²¹væ²¹🔊1adv.副heavy; intense; strong强烈/qiángliè/Halleix, ngua mermi mi lei a, yarzi lei worvaer.以前，我们地方地震，震得很强烈。In the past, there was an earthquake in our area, it was very intense.Almer lei a, yarzi lei worvaer.下雨下的很大。It is raining very hard.2grand; impressive隆重/lóngzhòng/Yaa ggie baxl yarzi baxl worvaer.他们举行婚礼很隆重。They put on a wedding that was very impressive.When the /w/ precedes /o/ it is most often a Yi word; the phonetically similar sound /v/ precedes other sounds. If the /w/ precedes other vowels it is most often a Mandarin Chinese loan. 当 /w/ 在 /o/ 之前时，多半是彝族的字；在语音学上类似的音 /v/ 用在其它的音之前。/w/ 若用在其它的 韵母或元音之前则多半是来自普通话的借词。worvaerwo²¹væ²¹
woxrwo̠²¹🔊v.动boil熬/āo/Aniux yelye mel almeixr zzor nr var seir a, yar leil almeixrxiaxr woxr gger doxr nia.小孩子还不会吃米饭，一直要为他熬稀饭。The small child can not eat rice yet, (so) rice porridge always has to be boiled for him/her (until s/he is older).1. The word /zeixl/ is used for boiling food like vegetables (in water); boiling water or some rice in water is /goxr/ or /woxr/. The /woxr/ means to boil down with most of the water being boiled away. /zaxr/ 'boil' is just boiling to clean or soften something for cooking and the water is then discarded. /zeil/ 指在水里煮东西（如：蔬菜）；煮水或煮米则用 /goxr/ 或 /woxr/。/woxr/ 用在将水煮掉的情形之下。/zaxr/ 是用在煮干净东西后把水倒掉。或：用在先煮再炒的情形之下（要不然该食物不容易熟）。When the /w/ precedes /o/ it is most often a Yi word; the phonetically similar sound /v/ precedes other sounds. If the /w/ precedes other vowels it is most often a Mandarin Chinese loan.当 /w/ 在 /o/ 之前时，多半是彝族的字；在语音学上类似的音 /v/ 用在其它的音之前。/w/ 若用在其它的 韵母或元音之前则多半是来自普通话的借词。Compare 另见goxrzaxrzeixlwoxrwo̠²¹
woxrkewo̠ʔ²¹kʰɯ³³🔊LOC SPATIAL方位below; beneath; underneath下面/xiàmiàn/Me so a, yar ngo woxrke so dae a, yel ngo yar leil nr mia.找蘑菇，她在我下面找着，所以我没有看见她。When gathering mushrooms, s/he was gathering below me (on the mountain), (so) I did not see him/her.Sul eil ber woxrke zzirbae arzzu zza dae.这本书下面有一张钱。Underneath (the) book is some money.Liler woxrke mel dder soler nga a.四楼下面就是三楼了。Below the fourth (floor) is the third (floor).1. Mushrooms are gathered on the mountain. When the /w/ precedes /o/ it is most often a Yi word; the phonetically similar sound /v/ precedes other sounds. If the /w/ precedes other vowels it is most often a Mandarin Chinese loan. 当 /w/ 在 /o/ 之前时，多半是彝族的字；在语音学上类似的音 /v/ 用在其它的音之前。/w/ 若用在其它的 韵母或元音之前则多半是来自普通话的借词。This locative word is similar to what Marlin Leaders refers to as "spatial grounding" of the action, in his article Tense-Aspect-Mood (TAM), Strat Grammar, M. Leaders, 5/22/2008, TAMM-Marlin Leaders.doc., because it gives relative direction information rather than just location information. /aga(la)/ 'between, among, in the midst of 中间' is what Marlin Leaders would call the "neutronym". 这一个方位词与 Marlin Leaders在 “Tense-Aspect-Mood (TAM), Strat Grammar, M. Leaders, 5/22/2008, TAMM-Marlin Leaders.doc.” （时态-局面-语气 TAM）所说的行动 “空间的接地”。因为它给了相对方向的信息，而不是只有位置的信息。Marlin Leaders 叫 'between, among, in the midst of 中间' 这些字为 "neutronym"。Compare 另见dexbborellelejiasikukurzzarlavulnalbbornalzzarolleleolniuxniuxteixlsibborvaelvulleilyozalbbaerzalbborzile zzirzzarwoxrkewo̠ʔ²¹kʰɯ³³
Yao’an Loxrlavu Dictionary © 2018 SIL International®
