zitsɿ³³🔊v.动get someone; meet someone; pick up someone; receive someone接/jiē/Ngama mel zzimu ssi a, neixmar a lei nr jjixr lei, ngo yar leil zi ssi nia.我妈妈去赶街，天黑了还没有回来，我要去接她。My mother went shopping, (and) though it is dark still has not returned, (so) I need to go get her./ngama/ is the combination of /nga-/ and /ama/./ngama/ 是 /nga-/ 和 /ama/ 的组合词。zitsɿ³³
Yao'an Loxrlavu - English
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zitsɿ³³🔊v.动appoint; give an errand; tell someone what to do派/pài/Aniuxssor mel ca vaer leil eil yoxr bei nia, hal yoxr bei nia zi nr ddo.小孩子不能派大人做这样，做那样。Small children may not tell adults they have to do this, (or) do that.Note: This is a little stronger than /miardal/.Compare 另见miardalmiardal mʲa²¹ta⁵⁵
zitsɿ³³🔊n.名time时候/shíhòu/Almeixr zzor zi ci a; nialngasael ake jjixr nia a!到吃饭的时候了，要赶快回家了！The time to eat has arrived, (you) need to quickly return home!Gexiu gga loxlmoxr se zi ci a; yel ca mel lei yarzi jiur.九月里收粮食的时候到了，所以人们都很忙。In September it is time to harvest the grain, so the people are all very busy.Compare 另见gielcozizzixzizitsɿ³³
zitsɿ³³🔊1v.动light a fire烧/shāo/Ngo almeixr bei du a; yel ngo adoxl zi.我要做饭了，所以我烧火。I was about to cook, so I started a fire.2set on the fire to cook放在火上/fàng zài huǒ shàng/Acae ddei almeixr bei ggie adoxlbbeixr ddei leil zi deix dae.炒菜锅放在做饭的火塘上。The wok was set on the fire pit in the place where the food is cooked (kitchen).Note: The word /doxl/ is is to light a candle or to turn on a light or a flashlight--to have light to see by, but most of the time when turning on a light switch the word /ggapu/ is used. The word /zi/ means to ligh a fire in general. The word /nol/ is used when lighting somethng small with a match or lighter, like a cigarette or a candle.Compare 另见doxlzitsɿ³³
zitsɿ³³🔊n.名bottom底/dǐ/Qixnex eil bbor yarzi ddei te a.这支鞋子的底断了。The bottom of this shoe is broken.Tur eil bbor yarzibbor ddu dae ho a, ajjix ji nr cexr a.这支桶的底已经通了不能装水了。This barrel has a hole in the bottom, water can't be put in.Tur eil bbor tur zi ddei ddu ho a, ajjix ji nr cexr a.这支桶的底已经通了不能装水了。This barrel has a hole in the bottom, water can't be put in.Qixnex zi xiaxr a mel, ddexr nr cexr.鞋底坏了就不能穿了。The bottom of the shoes are damaged and (the shoes) can't be worn.Compare 另见yarzibborzilele
zico gel mix jjia🔊adj.形overcast乌云密布/wūyún mìbù/Eilni zico gel mix jjia a; almer lei niazzir dae a.今天乌云密布，要下雨了。Today it is overcast; it is going to rain.Compare 另见almerzijico gel mix jjia tʃi³³tsʰo³³ kɯ⁵⁵ mi̠⁴⁴ dʒʲa³³
zil tsɿ⁵⁵AUX (direction)助(方向)apart; aside到/dào/Yixmodo mel yixssor mel a, yixfu taex bbeixr zil saelnei yixssor ddox ddux lei var. 母鸡孵小鸡时，鸡蛋破裂到了小鸡才会出来。When a hen is incubating chicks, the eggs bust be broken apart before the chicks can come out (of the eggs).Ni qixnex zze ggucirmi vei zil dae. 把你的鞋子拿在家门外面。Take your shoes aside (and set them at) the front door.Yar capor bbeix: "sir'uxlqie a nael, ni halbbaer lir zil dae la bbaexl," eine bbeix. 她丈夫说：“大便在裤子里，你就把（裤子）脱在那边，”这样说。Her husband said, "As for the feces, take (the pants) off and set them aside over there," (he) said that way.Yaa xi hal zzir mel xiaxr zil a, yel almer lei a dder almer ssu zei lei a. 他们的那个房子坏到了，所以下雨了就漏雨下来。Their house is broken apart, so when it rains, consequently rain leaks down (into the house).1. It was reported that this is not used in the village of 张家.据说张家村那里不用此字。In ZhangJia they would use /pixl/ rather than /zil/ in the first example. They would use /dol/ rather than /zil/ in the second example. They would use /kei/ rather than /zil/ in the third example. As in the first example, the word /mel/ 'incubate' is used with 'chicks' rather than with 'eggs'.An auxiliary (AUX) is defined as word which accompanies the main verb in a clause and helps to make distinctions in the mood, timing or direction of the verb. Some words function as main verbs of movement as well as auxiliaries showing direction. 助动词的定义是：一个字在子句或从句中，伴随着主要动词；可以帮助区分‘情绪，氛围’，‘时序，时机’或‘动词的方向’。 有一些词可以用作含有移动性的主要动词，或用作助动词以显明方向。Compare 另见pixl
zil tsɿ⁵⁵🔊v. (secondary)次动dead死/sǐ/Eilni ngua yaa ake ssi a, yar acixl ar ddei seixl zil gger a, ngua leil kal zol. 今天我们去他们家，他杀掉了一只羊，烤给我们吃。Today we went to their house, (and) he killed a goat and roased it and gave it to us to eat.Camar hal ddox mel cirmuzilmo hormo koxl nei goxr ho a; si zil dae zzorbbeixlei arseir lei nr saexl. 那个老人单独的过了好几年了，假如死掉了也没有人知道。That old person is alone; after living many years, though s/he dies dead no one will know.Loxlmoxr leil bberzzi yarzi miur a mel, naxcir ardoxr ddaexr deix gger a, yaa leil doxl zil ddo. 粮食上有很多虫子的话，打上一点药能把它们毒死掉。If the insects on the crops are very many, if (you) put some insecticide on, (you) can kill them.Giedae cir nehe, bberzzi ar te lei a, loxlmoxr cu leil kexl lei a, yel loxlmoxr cu dder zzu zil a. 第二天早上，来一个虫子去咬那棵粮食，所以那棵粮食就干死掉了。The next morning, a bug came, (it) came to eat the plant, so the plant withered (and) died.1. Secondary verbs differ from main verbs in that they never occur at the head of the verb phrase--they follow the main verb. If the main verb is not stated, the secondary verb still comes second and the main verb is replaced by /bei/ 'do'. For example, /nge laexl/ (cry pretend) is 'pretend to cry'. But if it is just 'pretend' without stating what is being pretended, then it is /bei laexl/ (do pretend). Secondary verbs differ from auxiliaries in that, while there is a logical and sequential relationship between the main verb and the secondary verb, the secondary verb does not make distinctions in the mood, timing or direction of the main verb. 次要动词与主要动词之分别是，次要动词从来不在动词子句之首，它们跟在主要动词之后。假如主要动词没有指明或出现，就用 /bei/ ‘做’来代表主要动词。譬如， /nge laexl/ （哭 装） 是 ‘装哭’。 假如只说 ‘装’而没有说装什么，就要说 /bei laexl/ (装做)。次要动词与助动词的不同是：次要动词与主要动词之间有逻辑上和顺序上的关系，助动词并不表明主要动词的时间， 方向，或情绪、语气。“A Dictionary of Linguistics & Phonetics” edited by David Crystal (Fifth Edition) defines serial verb constructions as “...a type of construction for a sequence of verbs or verb phrases within a clause (or sequence of clauses) in which the syntactic relationship between the items is left unmarked. The verbs share a semantic argument, but there is no conjunction or inflection to mark co-ordination or subordination.” 由 David Crystal 主编的“A Dictionary of Linguistics & Phonetics” “语言学和语音学字典”对“动词序列”下的定义是 … 在一个从句（或一系列的从句）中，一系列的动词或动词短语的结构里面，项目之间的语法没有标记。 这些动词都带着或分担着共同语义的参数，但其间没有连接词或词形变化来指出同等或附属地位。It was reported that this is not used in the village of ZhangJia.据说张家村那里不用此字。Compare 另见bei zilniuxl zil
zilbbortsɿ⁵⁵bo²¹🔊1LOC SPATIAL方位downhill往下的坡/wǎngxiàdēpō/Zilbbor zei a mel ssi yoxryixl; dexbbor ddeix a mel ssi pixr.走往下的坡走得快，走往上的坡走得慢。Going downhill the going is quick; going uphill the going is slow.2n.名slope (from the perspective of looking down)下坡/xiàpō/Worga eil ga mel yarzi mu, yel zilbbor yarzi neixl.这座山很高，所以往下的坡很陡。This mountain is very tall, so below is very deep.This locative word is similar to what Marlin Leaders refers to as "spatial grounding" of the action, in his article Tense-Aspect-Mood (TAM), Strat Grammar, M. Leaders, 5/22/2008, TAMM-Marlin Leaders.doc., because it gives relative direction information rather than just location information. /aga(la)/ 'between, among, in the midst of' is what Marlin Leaders would call the "neutronym". 这一个方位词与 Marlin Leaders在 “Tense-Aspect-Mood (TAM), Strat Grammar, M. Leaders, 5/22/2008, TAMM-Marlin Leaders.doc.” （时态-局面-语气 TAM）所说的行动 “空间的接地”。因为它给了相对方向的信息，而不是只有位置的信息。Marlin Leaders 叫 'between, among, in the midst of 中间' 这些字为 "neutronym"。Compare 另见dexbborellelejiasikukurzzarlavulnalbbornalzzarolleleolniuxniuxteixlsibborvaelvulleilyozalbbaerzalbborzile zzirzilgor daezzarjilbbortʃi⁵⁵bo²¹
zildaertsɿ⁵⁵tæ²¹🔊n.名plastic bag塑料做的袋子/sùliào zuò de dàizi/Yi dae a mel, zildaer ddei gga nilhar ji zaxr, yel yoxl yarlil ddei zildaer gga dae ji nia.种烟，先要在塑料袋子里面装泥土，然后又把烟苗种在塑料袋子里面。When planting tobacco, dirt is first put in a plastic bag, then the tobacco sprouts are planted in the plastic bag.Noteː 1. The /yarlil/ comes from /yi yar lil/ which is consistent with other cases. loanNote: 注意：2. 借词yiyeldaerʝi³³ʝɛ⁵⁵tæ²¹
zildutsɿ⁵⁵tɤ³³🔊adv.副extremely; very much极了/jí le/Capor hal te mel ca cirke meixsaer qir leil ssormaer hal ddox leil gga ssi a, yel ssormaer hal ddox yar leil vuxryixr zildu a.那个男人在很多人面前去拉那个女孩，所以那个女孩对他恨极了。That man, in front of a lot of people, pulled on that woman, so that woman hates him very much.Compare 另见goxlduxlsabel pɯ⁵⁵
zileletsɿ³³ɮə³³~ɮə³³🔊LOC SPATIAL方位bottom最下面/zuì xià miàn/Ngua mel zilele zir leil hher dae, yel bberzzi yarzi be.我们住在最下面的那层，所以虫子很多。We live on the bottom most floor, so there are a lot of bugs.This locative word is similar to what Marlin Leaders refers to as "spatial grounding" of the action, in his article Tense-Aspect-Mood (TAM), Strat Grammar, M. Leaders, 5/22/2008, TAMM-Marlin Leaders.doc., because it gives relative direction information rather than just location information. /aga(la)/ 'between, among, in the midst of' is what Marlin Leaders would call the "neutronym". 这一个方位词与 Marlin Leaders在 “Tense-Aspect-Mood (TAM), Strat Grammar, M. Leaders, 5/22/2008, TAMM-Marlin Leaders.doc.” （时态-局面-语气 TAM）所说的行动 “空间的接地”。因为它给了相对方向的信息，而不是只有位置的信息。Marlin Leaders 叫 'between, among, in the midst of 中间' 这些字为 "neutronym"。Compare 另见dexbborellelejiasikukurzzarlavulmaelelenalbbornalzzarolleleolniuxniuxteixlsibborvaelvulleilyozalbbaerzalbborzizile zzirzzarjilele tʃi³³ɮə³³~ɮə³³
zile zzirtsɿ³³ɮə³³ dzɿ²¹LOC SPATIAL方位bottom most最下面/zuì xià miàn/Yar pia ji labox eil ddei mel yarzi vaer, zile zzir zir gga mel qixnex ji labox a.她的这个衣柜很大，最下面的那层是装鞋子的。This place for putting clothes is very big, the bottom most shelf is for putting in shoes.Note: 1. The /zile/ must be followed by /zzir/ 'most 最'; the /zilele/ can be followed by /zzir/ 'most 最' or not. Note 注意：2. This locative word is similar to what Marlin Leaders refers to as "spatial grounding" of the action, in his article Tense-Aspect-Mood (TAM), Strat Grammar, M. Leaders, 5/22/2008, TAMM-Marlin Leaders.doc., because it gives relative direction information rather than just location information. /aga(la)/ 'between, among, in the midst of 中间' is what Marlin Leaders would call the "neutronym". 这一个方位词与 Marlin Leaders在 “Tense-Aspect-Mood (TAM), Strat Grammar, M. Leaders, 5/22/2008, TAMM-Marlin Leaders.doc.” （时态-局面-语气 TAM）所说的行动 “空间的接地”。因为它给了相对方向的信息，而不是只有位置的信息。Marlin Leaders 叫 'between, among, in the midst of 中间' 这些字为 "neutronym"。Compare 另见dexbborgiedaeggaxrneggaxrsikukurzzarlamaemaelemaelleilvaelwoxrkexilmeirzalbbaerzalbborzalzzarzilbborzilelezzarjile zzir tʃi³³ɮə³³ dzɿ²¹
zilgor daetsɿ⁵⁵ ko²¹ tɛ³³adv.副inverted; upside down倒/dào/Bexbex mel sixzzei leil zilgor dae diux gex dae a.蝙蝠倒着挂在树上。Bats hang on the trees upside down.Compare 另见doxdoxsidoxgoxleixrzilbborjilgor dae tʃi⁵⁵ ko²¹ tɛ³³
ziljiurlaexltsɿ⁵⁵tʃʲoʔ²¹ɮæ̠⁶⁶🔊n.名swallow燕子/yànzi/Ddarbel-ddarqiar bbeix a bbeix, ziljiurlaexl mel leil dor a mel, leixrddur lei.俗话说，指了燕子手指会变短。It has been passed from person to person that if you point at a swallow, you will get a crippled hand.Note: 1. This is referring to the bird. Note 注意: 2. ziljiurlaexl ~ ziljuerlaexlCompare 另见ziljuerlaexljixlgoxrnaexl tʃi̠⁶⁶ko̠ʔ²¹næ̠⁶⁶
ziljuerlaexltsɿ⁵⁵tʃʷɛʔ²¹ɮæ̠⁶⁶🔊swallow燕子/yànzi/Note: 1. This is referring to the bird. Compare 另见ziljiurlaexljixlgoxrnaexl tʃi̠⁶⁶ko̠ʔ²¹næ̠⁶⁶
Yao’an Loxrlavu Dictionary © 2018 SIL International®
